THE MANUFACTURE OF

HYDROCHLORIC ACID
Adelia T. R. Hutapea (21030117130158)
Arin Widya Saputri (21030117130148)
Fadhilla Fatma Lingga (21030117130143)
Meliana Dewi Sulaksono (21030117120061)
 HYDROCHLORIC ACID
Characteristics:
- Colorless (gas)
- Slightly yellow (liquid)
- Stingy Smell
Manufacturing of PVC
Industrial Uses
Lowering pH of total
alkalinity

Salt purification
 Small scale Laboratory
MANUFACTURE

Direct Synthesis
Large scale

Organic Synthesis
MANUFACTURING IN LABORATORY
• Reacting concentrated sulfuric acid with chloride ion

Cl- + H2SO4 → HSO4- + HCl

 DIRECT SYNTHESIS
• Burning chlorine in hydrogen.

H2 + Cl2 →2HCl
 HCl - Organic Synthesis
• The largest volume production of hydrochloric acid is a by-product of the
formation of chlorinated and fluorinated organic compounds,
chloroacetic acid, and PVC. These production processes very often also
consume large quantities of HCl. In the chemical reactions, hydrogen
atoms are replaced by chlorine atoms, whereupon the released hydrogen
atom recombines with the spare atom from the chlorine molecule,
forming hydrogen chloride. Fluorination is a subsequent chlorine-
replacement reaction, producing again hydrogen chloride.
• R-H + Cl2→ R-Cl + HCl
• R-Cl + HF → R-F + HCl