• November 3, 1896 - Rizal arrived in

Manila from Barcelona, Spain with the

steamer Colon.

• Rizal was brought to Fort Santiago pending the persecution of

his case.
• The Spanish authorities were very much preoccupied with the
gathering and fabrication of evidences to be used against him.
The judge advocate of the Spanish
military tribunal, summoned Rizal to
appear before him on November 20,
1896.

Two kinds of evidences brought up

against
Rizal:
1. Documentary - 15 exhibits
2.Testimonial - by Martin
Constantino, Aguedo del
Rosario, Jose Reyes, Moises
Salvador, Jose Dizon,
Domingo Franco, Deodato
Arellano, Pio Valenzeula,
Antonio Salazar, Francisco
Quison, and Timoteo Paez.

The investigation took 5

days
• After 6 days, Rafael Dominquez
evaluated the case and a prima facie
case was against Rizal, for the crime
of rebellion and formation of illegal
organization.

• Rafael Dominguez as the Judge

Advocate assigned with the task of
deciding what corresponding action
should be done, After a brief review,
the records was transmitted to Don
Nicolas de la Peña, Judge Advocate
General, for an opinion. Peñas
recommendations were as follows:
1. Rizal must be
immediately sent to trial.
2. He must be held in prison
under necessary security.
3. His properties must be
issued with order of
attachment, and as
indemnity, Rizal had to pay
1 million pesos.
4. Instead of civilian lawyer,
only army officer is allowed
to defend Rizal.
• December 8, 1896 - Rizal
was informed that his
arraignment was set on
December 11, 1896.
• Rizal pleaded not guilty to
the crime charges against
him.

THE TRIAL OF RIZAL

• Trial commenced on
December 19, 1896 for
• Lawyer of Rizal
• Brother of Lt. Jose
Taviel de Andrade
who worked as Rizal’s
personal body guard in
Calamba 1887.
• December 11, 1896: Charges
against Rizal were read in
the presence of his Spanish
counsel.
• December 13, 1896: Rizal’s
case was endorsed to
Blanco’s successor, Governor
Camilo de Polavieja.
• December 15, 1896: Inside
his cell at fort Santiago,
Rizal wrote the
controversial Manifesto
addressed to his countrymen.
December 26, 1896: (
about 8 o’clock in the
morning) The court-
martial of Rizal
commenced. Hearing
was actually moro-
moro – a planned trial
wherein Rizal, before
hearing his verdict, had
already been prejudged.
Military Court
• Remained indifferent to the pleads of Rizal
• He was sentenced to be shot in musketry until death at 7
o’clock in the morning of Dec. 30, 1896 at Bagumbayan.
December 28, 1896
• The decision of the court martial and ordered the execution
or Rizal on December 30th at Bagumbayan Field (Luneta)
by Governor General Camillo de Polavieja
• December 29, 1896. Captain
Domiguez read the death sentence
to Rizal. He refused to sign the
notification sentence as required
by law, saying he was innocent he
could not do so.
• While he was inside Fort
Santiago, he was visited by
Jesuits Father, Fr. Saderra and
Father Viza, he gave Rizal the
statue of the Sacred Heart of
Jesus which himself carved during
his days in Ateneo.
Fr. Satiago Mataix was able
to interview Rizal, he
noticed Rizal’s calmness
throughout the interview.
In the afternoon, Rizal read
the bible and Imitation of
Christ by Kemphis aferwhich
he meditated.
The women in his family
visited him in prison cell.
December 29, 1896; 12:00-3:30
PM: - Rizal’s time alone in his
cell. He had lunch, wrote letters
and probably wrote his last
poem of 14 stanzas which he
wrote in his flowing
handwriting in a very small
piece of paper. He hid it inside
his alcohol stove. The untitled
poem was later known as Mi
Ultimo Adios (My Last
Farewell). In its second stanza,
he already praised the
revolutionaries in the battlefield
for giving their lives “without
doubt, without gloom.”
• December 30, 1896. He
awakened early and
wrote the dedication he
had promised to
Josephine. He also wrote
his last letters to his
parents asking for
forgiveness for all the
sorrows he had caused
them. No one was
allowed to enter his
prison cell.
• 6:15 A.M: Luis Taviel de
Andrade, his lawyer
arrived. He noticed that
Rizal was calm.

• 6:30 A.M: The drum and

bugle with the squad army
came to an assembly. He
came out of his cell, bound
to elbow with the Jesuits.
• The Captain in charge of
the execution instructed
Rizal where to position
himself, to turn his back
against the squad and face
the sea. However Rizal
requested to face the firing
squad.
• He was asked to be shot at
the back instead of the
head so that may, at the
very end, turn his head and
body sidewise and fall with
his face upward.
• The military physician, Ruiz
y Castillo approached him
and asked for Rizal’s wrist
and felt his pulse.
Surprisingly he found it
normal.

7:03A.M: Rizal
shouted “Consummatum
Est!” before the shot ran out. The
hero’s life had ended. In the
background could be heard, “Viva
Espana! Death to traitors”
• Rizal’s family was not
able to take hold of his
body. The military secretly
buried the body of Rizal at
the Paco cementery.
• Narcisa passed by the
unused Paco cemetery and
saw through the opend
gates and some civil
guards. She saw a freshly
turned earth and knew at
once that this was her
brother’s body.
• With a little
amount of money,
she asked the
gravedigger to
place a plaque on
with her brother’s
initial reverse.
• That is, R. P. J for
Rizal, Protacio Jose
1911: Rizal’s family had possession of the body. Were instituted at
the base of the Rizal monument which was at the center of Luneta.