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IN
MARINE PLANTS
SUBMITTED BY,
GROUP 3(11-15)
METHODS of improvement of THERMAL
EFFICIENCY and WORK RATIO of gas
turbine plants
1. Intercooling
2. Reheating
3. Regeneration
1.INTERCOOLING
The hot air on leaving the turbine passes through the heat exchanger.
As the air is still at a high temperature, it is cooled in a pre-cooler
before entering the compressor.
The gas temperature rises and flows back to the turbine and
expands.
INTERCOOLED CYCLE
The compression is split.
The exhaust gas is used to heat the high pressure gases coming from
the compressor.
• A counter-flow heat exchanger is used for this purpose. It is also
known as recuperator.
• This reduces the heat input required for the same net work output.
A gas turbine engine with recuperator
INTERCOOLED REHEAT CYCLE
The efficiency of the intercooled cycle can be improved by adding a
reheat arrangement.
After the flow of gas through the turbine, it is directed to flow through
an additional combustion chamber.
Closed cycle
Gas turbines
A closed cycle gas turbine is a turbine in which the air is circulated
continuously within the turbine.
The gas while flowing over the blades of the turbine, gets expanded.
From the turbine the gas is passed to the cooling chamber. Here the gas
is cooled at constant pressure with the help of circulating water.
Now the gas is again made to flow through the compressor to repeat
the process.
Here the same gas is circulated again and again in the working of a
closed cycle gas turbine.
closed cycle gas turbine
MERITS DEMERITS
High thermal efficiency Complexity
Reduced size Large amount of cooling water is
No contamination required.
Improved heat transmission Dependent system
Lesser fluid friction Not economical for moving vehicles as
No loss in working medium
weight/kW developed is high
Requires use of large air heater.
Greater output
Inexpensive fuel
STAGNATION CONDITIONS
Stagnation point is a point in a flow field where the local velocity of the
fluid is zero.
The Bernoulli equation shows that the static pressure is highest when the
velocity is zero and hence static pressure is at its maximum value at
stagnation points. This static pressure is called the stagnation pressure.
Kinetic energy of the flowing fluid is converted into pressure as a
consequence of the fluid being brought to rest.
THANK YOU