Welcome Back!

SPONGE
• Please take a handout from the chair! We’re
warming our brains up with a review. 
Complete 1-14  Simplifying Trig Identities

• Test have not been graded. I will begin

grading on today. 

•
 Unit 4 continued :
Sum and Difference Formulas
Purpose :To develop and use formulas for
the trigonometric functions of a sum or
difference of two angle measures
Yep, what is she
talking about?
Is she Sum and
crazy? DIFFERENCE
WHAT?
 PURPOSE
• The sum and difference formula help us to
rewrite some of the unknown trig functions
to some we can deal with using our unit
circle values.
 For example…

• sin(15) = sin(45 - 30)

• cos(75) = cos(30 + 45)

• Now we just need to know what this

means when we use the sum and
difference formulas
COPY: Sum and Difference Formulas for
Cosines

cos     cos cos   sin  sin 

cos     cos cos   sin  sin 

Sum and Difference Formulas for Sines

 SKIP!
• Can you memorize these formulas?
You will have to if you take college
trigonometry. Here is a love story
to help introduce the trigonometry
sum and difference formulas in an
interesting way:
• As we all know, some of the people to
whom we are attracted are not
attracted to us. And it is not unusual for
a person who has shown interest in us to
later lose interest in us. Maybe that is a
good thing, because it forces us to date
a lot of people and to become more
experienced in maintaining relationships.
• Anyway, this is the story of Sinbad and
Cosette. Sinbad loved Cosette, but Cosette
did not feel the same way about Sinbad.
• Naturally, when Sinbad was in charge of
their double date, he put himself with
Cosette, and he put her sister with his
brother:

sin(A + B) = sin A cosB + cosA sinB.

sin(A - B) = sin A cosB - cosA sinB.

• Sinbad loved to tell people that his and

Cosette's signs were the same.
• However, when Cosette was in charge of the
double date she placed herself with her sister
and put Sinbad with his brother. She made sure
everyone knew that their signs were NOT the
same:
cos(A + B) = cosA cosB - sinA sinB.
cos(A - B) = cosA cosB + sinA sinB.

Also, notice that Cosette placed herself and her

sister BEFORE Sinbad and his brother. This detail
was important to Cosette. She was very snobby, you
know.
Steps to finding exact values of trig
expressions
1. Split the given number into the
sum/difference of unit circle values we know
2. Change the problem using the correct
formula!
3. Simplify by replacing in trig values.
 1. Split 75o into 30o and 45o
cos  30  45
o o


2. Use the cosine formula

cos(A + B) = cosA cosB - sinA sinB.

cos  30o  cos  450   sin  30o  sin  450 

Continued……

cos(A + B) = cosA cosB - sinA sinB.

cos  30o  cos  450   sin  30o  sin  450 

3. Replace with
 3 1  2 2 Trig values. I”ll
30  
o
,  and 45  
o
,  wait. (Unit Circle)
 2 2  2 2 
4. Apply
cos sin cos sin
operations.

6 2 6 2
 
4 4 4
Example 2

  

cos 105  cos 60  45  

cos(A + B) = cosA cosB - sinA sinB.
   
 cos 60 cos 45  sin 60 sin 45

2 6 2 6
  
4 4 4
 Hmmm..
Ex3.
Well! It’s
What not on the
ABOUT?? unit circle
sooooo
we must
find a pair
we can
work with
that is.
THINK!!
EX4.

Look at the formulas.

Which one does it match?


 EX.6 Find the exact value of:

sin 80 cos 20  cos80 sin 20

 Recap: Sum and Difference
Identities for Cosine and Sine
Take notes!

http://cms.gavirtualschool.org/Shared
/Math/GSEPrecalculus/TrigIdentities/
GSEPrecalculus_TrigIdentities_Share
d3.html
Sum and Difference Formulas for Tangent

tan   tan 
tan    
1  tan  tan 
tan   tan 
tan    
1  tan  tan 
Find tan 105°
tan 105° = tan ( 60° + 45°)

= tan 60° + tan 45°

1 – tan 60° tan 45°
Find tan 105°
GUIDED PRACTICE
SPONGE


Let u  45 and v  30

KEY #1
Key #2
Let u  45 and v  30

Find the Tangent of u + v

3
1
tan 45  30   3
 3
1  1 
 3 
#2 Continued..
FIND THE TANGENT OF U + V
tan 45  tan 30
tan 45  30  
1  tan 45 tan 30
3 3
tan( 45  30) 
1
3 3 3
tan 45  30   3

1  1
3
 3  3   3  3 
 3  3  3  3  3 
12  6 3
 2 3
6
CLASSWORK …
NOW FIND TAN U-V FROM SPONGE #2
 Let u  45 and v  30

Find the Tangent of u - v

tan u  tan v 3 3
tan u  v   tan 45  30 
1  tan u tan v 3 3

tan 45  30  
tan 45  tan 30
tan 45  30 
3  3   3  3 
1  tan 45 tan 30
3  3  3  3 
3
1 12  6 3
tan 45  30   3 2 3
 3 6
1  (1) 

 3 
DOUBLE-ANGLE FORMULAS- PART 2
 Example1 Part 2:
USING THE “Double-Angle” Formulas
to Find Exact Values

4
If sin   and
5
 lies in quadrant II,
find the exact value of sin 2 .
 EXAMPLE 1A CONTINUED
and  lies in quadrant II, find the
4
If sin  
5
exact value of sin 2 . 1st find our missing side!
x  3 sin 2  2sin  cos
y4  4  3 
 2    
r 5 r 5  5  5 
24
4 
 25
x

y 4 x 3
sin    cos   
r 5 r 5
 EX.1 PART 2.
4
If sin  
5
and  lies in quadrant II,
find the exact value of cos 2 .

cos 2  cos   sin 

2 2
 EX.1 PART 2 CONTINUED….
4
If sin   and  lies in quadrant II, find the
5
exact value of cos 2 .
cos 2  cos   sin 
2 2
y 4
sin    2 2
r 5  3  4
    
x  3  5  5
y4 9 16
r 5
 
25 25
7
x
cos   
3 
r 5 25
 EXAMPLE1 PART 3: USING DOUBLE-ANGLE
FORMULAS
TO FIND EXACT VALUES
4
If sin   and  lies in quadrant II,
5
find the exact value of tan 2 .
 EXAMPLE 1 C CONTINUED
4
If sin   and  lies in quadrant II, find the
5
exact value of tan 2 .
2 tan 
y 4 tan 2 
sin    x  3 1  tan 2 
r 5
y4 
2  
4
x 3
cos    r 5   3 
r 5 2

1   
4
 3
y 4
tan     Continued
x 3
 EXAMPLE 1 C CONTINUED
2 tan 
Continued

tan 2 
1  tan 2 
 4
2   8 8
 
  3  3  3
2 
 4
1   
16 
7
1
 3 9 9
 8  9 
     
 3  7 
24

7
THREE FORMS OF THE DOUBLE-ANGLE
FORMULA FOR
 Unit 4:
HALF-ANGLE
FORMULAS
 Half-Angle Formulas
 1  cos 
sin  
2 2 It is NOT both + and - but
you must figure out where
 1  cos 
cos   the terminal side of the
2 2 angle is and put on the
appropriate sign for that
 1  cos 
tan   quadrant.
2 1  cos 

where the  or - is determined by what quadrant is in.
2
INSTRUCTIONAL VIDEO/GUIDED NOTES-
HANDOUT

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uFbbF-
IYFjM&feature=youtu.be
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q48HHoLauy
g&feature=youtu.be
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FFXaeJYaGV
Y&feature=youtu.be
Ex 1. We could find sin 15° using the half angle
formula.


30° 1  cos 30° Since 15° is half of 30° we
sin   could use this formula if  = 30°
2 2
15° is in first quadrant
3 and sine is positive there
1 so we want the +
sin 15  2
2
2 3
2 2 3 2 3
sin 15   
2 4 2
1
 You try! Evaluating Trigonometric Expressions
Evaluate expressions using and half-angle formulas.

2. cos 22.5  cos 2 45 

1

2
1 cos 45 1
  2
2 2
2 2 1 2 2
  
2 2 2
 Ex3. Evaluating Trigonometric Expressions
Evaluate expressions half-angle formulas.

3. tan 15  tan  30

1
2 3
1  cos 30 1
2
 
sin  30 
1
2
2 3 2
    2  3
2 1
 Ex4. Evaluating Trigonometric Expressions
Evaluate expressions using double- and half-angle formulas.
   1  
4. sin     sin   
 12  2 6 


1  cos    6
 1
2
3

2 2
2 3 1 2  3
  
2 2 2