JENIS-JENIS SERAT KOLAGEN

JENIS KOLAGEN TEMPAT SEL-SEL YANG CIRI-CIRI

DIHASILKAN
TIPE I (~ 90%) Lapisan kulit, tendon Fibroblas Hidroksilisin rendah,
(tersusun atas karbohidrat rendah
dua jenis rantai-
α) Tersebar (areolar), Sel retikular dan otot
memadati jaringan halus
penyambung, serat-
serat kolagen
Hampir kebanyakan
tersebar di organ
interna
Tulang Osteoblas

Dentin (Gigi) Odontoblas

TIPE II (tersusun Tulang rawan hialin Kondrosit Hidroksilisin tinggi,

hanya satu jenis dan elastin karbohidrat tinggi
rantai-α) Lensa mata, jaringan Sel-sel retina (Fibril lebih tipis dari
invertebral tipe I)
Kondrosit

1
JENIS-JENIS SERAT KOLAGEN
JENIS KOLAGEN TEMPAT SEL-SEL YANG CIRI-CIRI
DIHASILKAN
TIPE III (tersusun Menyebar di jaringan Fibroblas dan sel-sel Hidroksiprolin tinggi,
hanya atas satu penyambung; serabut retikular hidroksilisin rendah,
jenis rantai-α) retikuler, lapisan kulit karbohidrat rendah
papiler (pada fase
perkembangan)

Pembuluh darah Sel otot halus, sel

endotelial

TIPE IV (tersusun Lamina basal Sel epitelial dan sel Hidroksilisin sangat
atas dua jenis endotelial tinggi, karbohidrat
rantai-α) tinggi, (menahan
Kapsul lensa mata Epitel lensa prokolagen menjadi
peptida)
TIPE V Membran fetal Fibroblas
(plasenta)
Membran lapisan Sel-sel epitelial
dasar
Tulang Osteoblas
Otot halus Sel-sel otot halus
2
In addition, a number of other collagens have been recently identified in the following
location:
TIPE VI Short triple helical segment about 100 nm long; occur in small amounts in
kidney, liver, and uterus, where type I and III collagens are found
TIPE VII Basal laminae of many ephitelia

TIPE VIII Secretory product of endothelial cells; major component of Decemet’s

membrane in the cornea
TIPE IX Mainly in cartilage; found with type II collagen

TIPE X Confined to cartilage; in matrix surrounding hypertrophic chondrocytes

TIPE XI Associated with type OO collagen in cartilage; function unknown

TIPE XII Tendon; properties in common with type IX collagen

TIPE XIII Endothelium

TIPE XIV Fetal skin and tendon

Thus far, some 25 distinct collagen α-chains, each encoded by a separate gene, have been
identified. 3
 PERBANDINGAN CIRI-CIRI SERAT JARINGAN PENYAMBUNG

GAMBARAN KOLAGEN RETIKULER ELASTIS

Jaringan Triple-stranded helix; Kolagen tipe III Elastin 830 amino

molekuler Tiap helai ~ 1000 AA; acid residues long;
Molekul ~ panjang 300 contains desmocine,
nm, diameter 1,5 nm isodesmocine
(glisin, hidroksiprolin, (dibentuk dari empat
hidroksilisin) molekul lisin)

Jaringan Fibrilar Diameter fiber 2-10 μm Diameter fiber Diameter fiber 1-4
(tidak bercabang); 0,2-2 μm, fibril 25- μm; cabang fiber
diameter fibril ~ 50nm; 45 nm Tidak ada fibril
mikrofibril yang lebih kecil Diameter mikrofibril
~ 12 nm
Axial periodicity Fibrils 670 A; axial 670 A Tidak ada
periodicity

Air mendidih Merubah kolagen menjadi Resisten

gelatin

Asam dan basa Membengkak Sama dengan Resisten terhadap

lemah kolagen asam dan basa
lemah
4
 PERBANDINGAN CIRI-CIRI SERAT JARINGAN PENYAMBUNG

GAMBARAN KOLAGEN RETIKULER ELASTIS

Asam dan basa Larut

kuat
Pewarnaan Dengan pewarnaan Silver (argirofilik) Resorsin fuchsin,
asidofilik PAS+ resorsin orsein
Efek enzim Larut dalam pepsin dan Sensitif terhadap
kolagenase elastase
Sel penghasil serat Fibroblas Sel retikuler Fibroblas
Sel otot halus di pembuluh
darah
Osteoblas Fibroblas Sel otot halus di
Kondroblas pembuluh darah
Odontoblas
Kolagen tipe IV Sel Schwan (untuk
Diproduksi oleh sel endoneurium)
epitel dan sel endotelial

5
 JENIS SEL DI JARINGAN PENYAMBUNG
JENIS SEL FUNGSI UMUM

Fibroblas Menghasilkan serat-serat (kolagen, retikuler, elastin) dan

selaput tak beraturan (glikosaminoglikans, proteglikans)
Makrofag Fagosit (mis: bakteri)
Pemaparan antigen
Perisit Membedakan antara fibroblas, sel retikuler, makrofag, otot
halus dalam pembuluh darah, adiposit
Sel Mast Secrete heparin, histamine, slow-reacting substanse of
anaphylaxis, eosinophilic chemotactic factor anaphylaxis
Foreign body giant cell Phagocytic (larger particulate material)

Sel retikuler Memproduksi serat retikuler (kolagen tipe ke-3) untuk

pembuluh limf, limpa, sum-sum tulang, dll
Adiposit Penimbunan lemak, mobilitas

Kondroblas (kondrosit) Mengeluarkan kolagen atau serat elastis seperti halnya

substansi intersel amorf (glikosaminoglikans, proteoglikans),
dan protein lainnya
Osteoblas Mengeluarkan kolagen, susunan tulang (proteoglikans)
6
 FUNGSI MAKROFAG

Reseptor permukaan Receptors that bind C3b component of complement

bagi: Fc receptors, IgG
IL-2, IL-1, IL-6
Tumor necrosis factor (TFN)
(interferon)
ATPase
5’-Nucleotidase
Muatan Lisosom Hidrolase asam
Lisozim
Mieloperoksidase
Makrofag aktifator Lipopolisakarida
Interferon-γ

Efek Interleukin yang Mengaktifkan B limfosit

dihasilkan oleh Faktor kemotaktis untuk neutrofil
makrofag Meningkatkan sirkulasi neutrofil
Bagian dari fibroblas

7
 FUNGSI MAKROFAG

Menghasilkan Fagosit Sel mati

Seluler debris
Bakteri

Pemaparan Antigen Present antigen with MHC II molecules to helper T lymphocytes

(TH cells)
IL-1 (a mitogenic protein for T lymohocytes)
IL-6, Il-8
TNF- α
Interferon- α, -β; involved in fighting virus
Colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)
Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)
Erythropoietin
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)

8
 FUNGSI MAKROFAG
Menghasilkan sekret Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)
khusus Transforming growth factor-β (TGF- β)
Protease inhibitors
Elastase, collagenase
Prostaglandins
Leukotrienes
Neutral proteases
Coagulation factors (II, VII, IX, X, XII)
Thrombospondin
Plasminogen activator
Factor inducing monocytopoiesis
Complement componenets
Pyrogens (mediate fever)
Proteoglycan-degrading enzymes
Hydrogen peroxide
Lipases
Superoxide

9
 SISTEM MACROPHAGE

NAMA SEL FUNGSI TEMPAT

Macrophage Fagositosis, antigen Loose (areolar) connective

presentation tissue
Peritoneal or pleural Fagositosis Serous cavities
macrophages
Macrophage Blood cell destruction, Bone marrow, spleen,
antigen presentation thymus, lymph node
Alveolar macrophage (or Fagositosis Alveoli of lung
dust cell)
Sel Langerhans Antigen presentation Epidermis

Sel Kuppfer Fagositosis Liver (perinsinusoidal

makrofag)

10
 SISTEM MACROPHAGE

NAMA SEL FUNGSI TEMPAT

Microglia Fagositosis, antigen Sistem saraf pusat

presentation
Osteoklas (multinukleat) Penyerapan tulang Permukaan tulang (form
from fusion of monocyte-
derived macrophages)
Fibroblast –derived Fagositosis Lamina propria usus halus
macrophage Uterus-endometrium
Foreign body giant cell Fagositosis Induced in areas of large
(multinucleate) particulate material (e.g.,
talc on mesentery) (fusion
of monocytes,
macrophages)

11
 SUBSTANSI YANG DIHASILKAN OLEH SEL MAST

Heparin (acidic GAG) Anticoagulant: binds to fibronectin, growth

factors, coagulation proteins, complement
compounds; has anticancer activity, causes
tumor regression, inhibits tumor metastasis
Chondroitin sulfate Sometimes present in mast cell granules
rather than heparin: thus, different types of
mast cells exist
Histamine Causes contraction of smooth muscle of
bronchioles: causes increased capillary
permeability (leakiness)
Leukotrienes (slow-reacting substance of Causes contraction of smooth muscle (not
anaphylaxis (SRS-A) stored in cell-synthesized from membrane
phospholipids)

12
 SUBSTANSI YANG DIHASILKAN OLEH SEL MAST

Eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphilaxis Attracts eosinophils to regions of antigen-

(ECF-A) antibody interaction; eosinophils
phagocytize antigen-antibody complexes:
eosinophils produce histaminase, which
depresses histamine effects, and aryl
sulfatase, which counteracts leukotrienes
Lysosomal enzymes Functional role unclear: may degrade
Including β-glucuronidse, hexosaminidase, GAGs in extracellular matrix
aryl sulfatase
Neutrophil chemotactic factor (NCF) Chemoattractant for neutrophils

Other subtances include platelet-activating factor, prostoglandins (several), and neutral

proteases (tryptase, chymase) (most of the IgE molecules in the body are fixed on the
surface of mast cells rather than in the plasma)

13