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C RAVITEJA
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MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BE (4/4) F1
Introduction
During the revolutionary for eco-friendly technologies human powered
vehicle were the most depended modes of transportation, along with
this the consideration of the increase in fuel price and the
environmental factors, we must admit that it is far more better to use a
human powered vehicle over motor vehicle for a short distance
traveling
Figure: Showing pedaling force acting on the pedal throughout a complete rotation
Effective loads – Acts perpendicularly to the pedal surface
Graph: Relationship between peak crank torque, crank velocity (i.e. cadence) and power output during short duration
• Maximum power output is achieved approximately at cadence
around 120 – 130 rpm
• However, it has been found that when pedaling above 110rpm there
was a decline in the power output delivered at any given oxygen
cost
• Gravitational Forces
• Inertial Loads
• Non-muscular pedal forces increase linearly with pedal rate i.e
cadence.
• Gravitational forces are largely unaffected by changes in cadence.
• Increasing non-muscular pedal forces that occur with higher
cadences are primarily due to the influence of inertial load.
Graph: Muscular, non-muscular and total pedal forces while cycling at 120W
Optimum Cadence Value
For short duration sprint cycling performance -120rpm
Longer duration events - 90 to 100rpm.
Ultra-endurance cycling – 70 to 90rpm.
References
Optimal cadence selection during cycling Dr Chris R Abbiss, PhD, 4Dr
Jeremiah J Peiffer, PhD, 1Associate Professor Paul B Laursen, PhD
Preferred pedalling cadence in professional cycling ALEJANDRO LUCI
´A, JESU ´ S HOYOS, and JOSE ´ L. CHICHARRO
bikecalc.com
THANK YOU
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