OSCILLATORS

Let us discuss two special oscillators namely,

(i) Phase shift oscillator
(ii) Wein bridge oscillator in detail
It’s called a phase shift since the RC network
provides a phase difference of 180 ° .

If the RC network is prevented from loading to

the inverting amplifier by some limiting
condition, we could consider the RC network to
serve as b(s) and amplifier as A(s) and cascade as
above to obtain open loop gain transfer function.
Advantages :
# It provides good frequency stability.
# The output of this circuit is sinusoidal that is quite distortion
free.
# They have a wide range of frequency (from a few Hz to several
hundred of kHz).
# They are particularly apt for low frequencies, say of the order of
1 Hz, so these frequencies can be easily gained by using R and C
of large values.

Disadvantages :
# The output is small and It is due to smaller feedback.
# The frequency stability is not as good as that of the Wien bridge
oscillator.
# It is difficult for the circuit to start oscillations as the feedback is
usually small.
Applications of Wien Bridge Oscillators
# It is used to measure the audio frequency.
# Wien bridge oscillator designs the long range of frequencies
# It produces sine wave.

Advantages
# Distortion testing of power amplifier.
# It supplies the signals for testing filters.
# To fabricate pure tune.

Disadvantages
# The limited output frequency is obtained because the amplitude
and the phase shift characters of the amplifier.
# The Wheatstone bridge is not used for the high resistance.
 Overview
RC phase shift oscillator
This oscillator is used for low frequency
range.
Feedback network provide 180° phase
shift.
Op-amp is used in inverting mode.
Op-amp introduces 180° phase shift.
Amplifier gain |A| >=29
3RC section in feedback.
Difficult to adjust frequency variation.
Wein bridge oscillator
This oscillator is used for low frequency
range since both are RC oscillator.
Feedback network do not provide 180°
phase shift.
Op-amp is used in non-inverting mode.
Op-amp does not introduce 180° phase
shift.
Amplifier gain |A| >= 3
Low frequency range since both is RC
oscillator.
Easy adjustment of frequency by varying
both capacitors.
End