Continuous Variable Valve Timing System CVVT System: Click!

Course Session Screen
Systems Technology 00. Continuous Variable Valve Timing System 00_01

Title Name Number
00. Continuous Variable Valve Timing System Introduction Learning Evaluation Summary Slide Description
Continuous Variable Valve Timing System

= CVVT System
The copyright to this content belongs to Hyundai/Kia Motors Co., Ltd.

Click!
/38
Narrator (Female): This document is designed to help you understand the continuous variable valve timing system. The
copyright to this content belongs to Hyundai/Kia Motors Co., Ltd.
Narration
Title Name Number
00. Continuous Variable Valve Timing System Introduction

Introduction Learning Evaluation Summary Slide Description
Learning Objectives Course Content
1. To learn the basic configuration and 1. To understand the development

mechanisms of the CVVT system. background of the CVVT system.
2. To learn how to diagnose faults in the 2. To understand the basic configuration
CVVT system. and operating mechanisms of the
CVVT system.
3. To understand how to diagnose faults
in the CVVT system.
Click!
/38
Narrator (Female): The objectives and content of this session are as follows. Please keep these in mind during this session.
Narration
Systems Technology 00. Continuous Variable Valve Timing System 00_03_1
Title Name Number
OverviewㅣConfigurationㅣMechanismsㅣDiagnosis
1. Overview
1) Development Background
2) Purpose and Benefits
2. Configuration
3. Mechanisms
4. Diagnosis
/38
Narration
Title Name Number
Click!
/38
Narrator: Most industry-leading automobile manufacturers strive to develop high-performance engines that offer advanced
emissions-control technology, more power, and peak torque in all operating conditions. Engines with these features help
maximize fuel efficiency and minimize exhaust emissions.
Narration
Title Name Number
Click!
/38
Narrator: This has led to rampant development of existing automobile technologies and the development of new ones.
Narration
Title Name Number
A phenomenon that occurs when

the resonance of the air pressure
in the intake manifold affects the
intake stroke.
Pulsation
effect
Inertia
effect A phenomenon that
occurs when a long
Exhaust intake manifold or high-
manifold speed rotation affects the
effect next cycle.
Multi
cylinder
Click!
/38
Narrator: The efficiency of the intake and exhaust systems differs significantly depending on the speed, pressure, and flow
of the fluid passing through the system. Some intake and exhaust systems produce more power at lower RPM, while
others produce more power at higher RPM.
Narration
Title Name Number
Intake Manifold Exhaust Manifold
/38
Narrator: In other words, engines only used one intake manifold and one exhaust manifold,
Narration
Title Name Number
-1 Short intake manifold -1 Long intake manifold
Surge Surge
tank tank
Intake inertia effect

Intake inertia effect
-2 -2
● ●
Engine RPM Engine RPM
/38
Narrator: were unable to generate a lot of power at both high and low RPM. This problem led to the development of the
variable intake system.
Narration
Variable Intake System
VIS valve closed VIS valve open

Title Name Number
Piston TDC
Exhaust valve
Ignition closed
Intake valve
open Power
Compression
stroke stroke
Exhaust Intake
stroke stroke
High speed valve timing
• Undesirable effects at low RPM
Intake valve
closed Exhaust Low speed valve timing
valve open
• Undesirable effects at high RPM
Piston BDC
Click!
/38
Narrator: The same problem occurs with the valve timing. It is impossible to satisfy the performance requirements at both
high and low RPM with a single valve timing. Valve timings that focus on high RPM cause undesirable phenomena at low
Narration
RPM, while valve timings that focus on low RPM perform poorly at high RPM.
Title Name Number
Click!
/38
Narrator: The continuous variable valve timing system which can control valve timing in all operating conditions, was
developed to increase engine performance and reduce exhaust emissions.
Narration
Title Name Number
Increased
fuel efficiency
Reduced
emissions
High output
power
at both low
and high
speeds
Click!
/38
Narrator: The CVVT system has three purposes and benefits. It improves fuel efficiency, reduces noxious emissions, and
increases torque in all operating conditions.
Narration
Title Name Number

Increased fuel efficiency
• Reduces pumping loss due to valve overlap. -1 -1

• Retards the opening of the exhaust valve to increase
-2
Increased the energy of the combustion. -2
• Improves knock properties under medium load -3 -3
fuel efficiency
→ Possible to advance the ignition
-4 timing further. -4
Reduced
emissions
Higher output
power
at both low
and high
speeds
Click!
/38
Narrator: The CVVT system improves fuel efficiency because it reduces pumping loss due to -1 valve overlap, -2 retards
the opening of the exhaust valve to increase the energy of the combustion, and -3 improves knock properties under medium
Narration
load which -4 makes it possible to advance the ignition timing further.

Title Name Number

Valve Overlap
Piston TDC
Intake Exhaust
valve overlap
Intake manifold :
Negative pressure
-2
Intake
Exhaust
-1
Combustion chamber :
Positive pressure
Piston BDC
Click!
/38
Narrator: Valve overlap occurs when both the intake valve and the exhaust valve are open at the same time near the
exhaust TDC. Under partial loads, valve overlap causes the exhaust gases to flow back into the chamber. When the engine
Narration
is running under partial load, the intake port is normally negatively pressurized and the exhaust port has the same pressure
as the atmosphere. The exhaust gas flow generated by this pressure difference helps the intake port to flow more easily,
thereby reducing the pumping loss.
In addition to this, the backflow of the exhaust gases results in an increase of EGR gases. The more EGR gas that flows in,
the less fresh air is required, thereby reducing the pumping loss.
Title Name Number

Valve Overlap
Click!
/38
Narrator: The CVVT system controls the amount of valve overlap, depending on the engine's operating conditions, to
optimize the effects of valve overlap.
Narration
Title Name Number

High expansion force
Piston TDC Piston TDC
Ignition Postpones the Ignition

opening of the
exhaust valve during
the combustion Power
process
stroke
Exhaust
stroke Power Exhaust
stroke stroke The burned gases
compress the piston
longer → Increases the
Piston BDC Piston BDC expansion force
/38
Narrator: Now, let's talk about the expansion forces during combustion. Retarding the exhaust valve opening time during the
combustion process causes the ignited gases to compress the piston for longer, thereby increasing the expansion force of
Narration
combustion.
Title Name Number

Decreased emissions
Increased
fuel efficiency
• Valve overlap increase → More internal EGR

→ Lower combustion temperature → Less noxious gas -1
Reduced • Uncombusted HC recirculation → Fewer HC -2

• Exhaust valve timing retard during the initial engine startup
emissions -3
→ output
Higher Decreased catalyst LOT
power
at both low
and high
speeds
/38
Narrator: The CVVT system reduces noxious gas emissions because -1 it increases the internal EGR to lower the
combustion temperature and reduce noxious gases, -2 it recirculates the uncombusted HC to reduce HC emission, -3 and it
Narration
retards the opening of the exhaust valve during engine startup to reduce the time required to reach the catalyst activation
temperature.
Title Name Number

Decreased emissions
Catalyst LOT (Light Off Time)
The shorter the LOT (time for

Catalyst
the catalyst to reach the
catalyzing temperature), the
less noxious gas emissions.
HC + O2 → CO2 + H2O
Noxious gases CO + 1/2O2 → CO2 Harmless gases
NO → N2 + 1/2O2
/38
Narrator: The catalytic converter purifies the exhaust gases of any noxious substances. This component only starts the
purification process after the catalyst reaches a certain temperature.
Narration
The time for the catalyst to reach the temperature required for purification is called the light off time, or LOT.
For gasoline engines, virtually no noxious gases are emitted after the LOT. Therefore, it is very important to reduce
the LOT as much as possible.
Title Name Number

▌ Increases power at both low and high speeds
Increased
fuel
efficiency
Reduced
emissions Higher
output
power • Increased valve overlap → Higher volumetric efficiency
→ Better performance at low speeds -1
at both low • Increased opening
makesangle of theoverlap
no valve intake/exhaust valve → -2
and high Better performance at high speeds
speeds
/38
Narrator: At low speeds, the CVVT system increases the valve overlap to increase the volumetric efficiency and the
engine's power. At high speeds, the CVVT system makes no valve overlap to improve the engine's performance.
Narration
Title Name Number
1. Overview
2. Configuration
1) Configuration of the CCVT system
2) Structure of the Intake/Exhaust Valve Variable System
3) Structure of the Oil Control Valve
4) Relationship between the Valve Timing and Engine Load
5) Advanced Variable Timing System
3. Mechanisms
4. Diagnosis
/38
Narration
Title Name Number
1) Configuration of the CCVT system
Exhaust camshaft Intake camshaft
Exhaust CMP
Intake CMP
Intake OCV
Exhaust OCV
Exhaust CVVT Intake CVVT
/38
Narrator: The CVVT system consists of an intake CVVT, an exhaust CVVT, an OCV that controls each CVVT, and a
camshaft position sensor that detects the variable rate of the intake camshaft. The intake CVVT is initially set to the
Narration
maximum retard position. The exhaust CVVT is initially set to the maximum advance position by a bias spring.
Title Name Number
2) Structure of the Intake/Exhaust Valve Variable System
Exhaust CVVTIntake CVVT
Housing
Rotor vane
Locking device
/38
Narrator: The intake CCVT system comprises a housing and a rotor vane. A locking device integrated in the rotor vane
maintains the maximum retard position when the engine is off. The exhaust CVVT system has the same structure as the
Narration
intake CVVT system, except that the former has a bias spring that keeps it in the maximum advance position, rather than the
maximum retard position, when the engine starts.
Title Name Number
What is an oil control valve (OCV)?
• An actuator that changes the direction of the

fluid supplied to the CVVT. The ECM
controls the OCV to change the
opening/closing times of the valve.
Click!
/38
Narrator: The OCV is the core control element of the CVVT. It is an actuator that changes the direction of the fluid supplied
to the CVVT, so the ECM uses the OCV to change the opening/closing times of the valve.
Narration
Title Name Number
Solenoid section Spool valve section
Click!
/38
Narrator: The OCV is divided into two sections: the solenoid section that is activated by signals from the ECU, and the spool
valve section that changes the oil path.
Narration
Title Name Number
4) Relationship between the Valve Timing and Engine Load
Increased volumetric efficiency Increased

by preventing intake air backflow intake air
EX In
EX In
BDC TDC BDC
BDC TDC BDC WOT
High load At High-Speed/High-Load
At Low-Speed/High-Load
Load
Reduced pumping loss
Improved combustion stability Low Reduced exhaust gas
Enhanced fuel efficiency Low load
Internal EGR
High
Low Engine Speed
Low rotation High rotation
EX In EX In
BDC TDC BDC BDC TDC BDC

At Partial Load
At Idle
Click!
/38
Narrator: Now, let's look at the relationship between the valve timing and engine load. When the engine is idling, the CVVT
system sets the intake valve to the maximum retard and the exhaust valve to the maximum advance to diminish valve
Narration
overlap. When the engine is running at partial load, the valve overlap is controlled to reduce pumping loss and emissions.
Under high-speed/high-load conditions, the CVVT postpones the closing of the intake valve by retarding the intake, thus
increasing the volumetric efficiency and improving the engine’s performance. Under low speed/high load conditions, the
CVVT system closes the intake valve in advance to suppress the backflow of exhaust gases into the intake manifold.
Title Name Number
5) Advanced Variable Valve Timing Systems
VVT
(Variable Valve Timing)
Variable Valve System VVA
(Variable Valve Actuation)
VVL
(Variable Valve Lift)
Technological Development of Commercial Variable Valve Systems
System Technology
An ON-OFF, two-step VVT
1st Generation
or VVL (low-medium speed, high speed)
Continuous VVT or VVL or a combination system
2nd Generation
(still using a conventional mechanical valve train)
Camless valve system with a fully variable valve train
3rd Generation
(Electro-Magnetic, Electro-Hydraulic)
Click!
/38
Narrator: There are two main types of variable valve systems. The first is the VVT (Variable Valve Timing) system, which
controls the opening and closing timing of the valve. The second is the VVL (Variable Valve Lift) system, which controls the
Narration
valve lift. Together, these two systems are known as the VVA (Variable Valve Actuation) system. Commercial variable valve
systems have evolved in conjunction with electronic control, hydraulic control, and material technologies. Their evolution can
be divided into three stages.
Title Name Number
VVT VVL Camless Variable Valve

(Variable Valve Timing) (Variable Valve Lift) System
※ Click each item to see more details.
Click!
/38
Narrator: The VVT and VVL systems are representative of the 1st and 2nd generation variable valve timing systems. The
3rd generation is represented by the camless variable valve system. Click each item to find out more about the various
Narration
systems.
Title Name Number

Inner helical gear Our vehicles employ

Hydraulic piston
the vane type.
Tension spring
Return spring
Tension spring
outer helical gear
Helical Gear Type Vane Type
Click!
/38
Narrator: The VVT (Variable Valve Timing) system, which controls the timing of the opening and closing of valves, can be
either a helical gear type or a vane type. Our engines employ the vane type system.
Narration
Title Name Number

Low speed
high speed rocker arm
Low speed
rocker arm rocker arm
change Controls the

Controls the Hydraulic pin opening of a valve
piston
opening of a valve using the oil
with high and low- inside the auto
speed cams. lash.
Low speed cam
high speed cam

Low speed cam
Cam Control Type HLA Control Type
Click!
/38
Narrator: The VVL (Variable Valve Lift) system, which controls the valve lift, comes in either cam control or HLA control
types. The cam control type controls the opening of the valves with high and low-speed cams. The HLA control type controls
Narration
the opening (lift) of the valve using the oil inside the auto lash.
Title Name Number

Actuator
spring
Magnet for closing
Amateur
Magnet for opening
Low
spring
valve
EMV Type EHV Type
Click!
/38
Narrator: Racing engines employ two types of engine technologies: EMV (Electro-Magnetic Valvetrain) and EHV (Electro-
Hydraulic Valvetrain).
Narration
Title Name Number
Read the following statement and select O if it is correct and X if it

is incorrect.
The VVL (Variable Valve Lift) system controls the timing of the opening and closing of
the intake and exhaust valves.
VVT stands for variable valve timing. VVT systems optimally adjust the timing of the
opening and closing of intake and exhaust valves based on the engine load.
VVL stands for variable valve lift. The VVL system optimally adjusts the opening, or lift,
of the intake and exhaust valves in accordance with the engine load.
Check Answer
Click!
/38
Narrator: Quiz! Quiz! Let's take a little time out for a pop quiz to see what we've learned so far. Be sure to give it your
best shot!
Narration
Let’s pause for a moment here, to take a pop quiz!

Read the following statement and select O if it is correct and X if it is incorrect.
You're right!
Sorry, that answer is incorrect.

Do not proceed to the next question
until you understand the correct
answer.
Title Name Number
1. Overview
2. Configuration
3. Mechanisms
1) Types and Features of Valve Drive Systems
2) Valve Timing
3) Variable Valve Operating Mechanisms
4) Variable Valve Control
4. Diagnosis
/38
Narration
Title Name Number
-1
-1
Transfers driving power from the
crankshaft through a timing chain or
timing belt to the camshaft.
-2
Opens and closes the valves in
accordance with the combustion
sequence of the engine and the specified
timing using a valve drive system.
-2
/38
Narrator: An engine requires a process to inject the fuel-air mixture into the combustion
chamber and a process to remove the exhaust gases from the combustion chamber. -1 The
Narration
camshaft receives engine power from the crankshaft via a timing chain or timing belt. -2 Then,
the valve drive system opens and closes the valves in accordance with the combustion
sequence of the engine and the specified timing.
Title Name Number
Cam
-8
Cam follower-7
Valve spring -4
-6 HLA retainer
Valve spring-3
Valve
spring
seat
-2
Valve -1
Tip Function of the Valve

Drive System
/38
Narrator: A valve drive system is composed of -1 an intake/exhaust valve, -2 a valve spring seat, -3 a valve spring, -4 a valve
spring retainer, -5 a lock, -6 an HLA, -7 a cam follower, and -8 a cam. The components may vary depending on the type of
Narration
valve drive system. Click the Next button to see the function of the valve drive system components.
Tip Function of the Valve Drive System

Tip Function of the Valve
Drive System
Cam: Enters the desired valve

opening time and lift according to the
combustion sequence of the engine.
HLA: Supports the Cam follower: Amplifies the cam lift

cam follower and to transmit engine power to the valve
controls the valve lash. lift.
Valve spring retainer: Holds the

valve spring in a certain position.
Valve stem seal: Valve spring: Controls the dynamic

Supports the lower part behavior of the valves so that the
of the valve spring and valve lift can function without
seals the valve stem. affecting the maximum engine RPM.
Valve: Provides intake and exhaust

paths and keeps the cylinder airtight
when the valve is closed.
Title Name Number
OHV OHC (located in the camshaft head)

Type (located in the
camshaft block) Direct acting End pivot Center pivot
Layout
Drives the valve Drives the valve Drives the valve

Drives the valve
Features directly via the indirectly via the indirectly via the
via a push rod.
tappet. follower. locker arm.
Click!
/38
Narrator: In an overhead valve drive system, the camshaft is located in the cylinder block, and the valve is driven by a
push rod. There are three types of overhead camshaft valve drive systems. The direct drive type, the end pivot type, which
drives the valve by supporting one end, and the center pivot type, which drives the valve by supporting the center.
Narration
Title Name Number
2) Valve Timing
What is valve timing?
Piston TDC
Exhaust valve • Valve timing refers to the process that

closed controls the precise timing for opening
Ignition and closing the intake and exhaust
Intake valve valves as the crankshaft rotates. The
open purpose of opening and closing the
Compression intake and exhaust valves is to take the
Power stroke
stroke fuel-air mixture into the combustion
Exhaust stroke chamber for combustion and remove the
Intake stroke
exhaust gases from the combustion
chamber after combustion.
• It also displays when each valve opens

Intake valve and closes and "at which angle the
Exhaust valve open crankshaft rotates" based on the piston
closed
TDC or BDC.
Tip Valve Timing Display

Piston BDC
Intake Compression Power Exhaust

stroke stroke stroke stroke
Click!
/38
Narrator: Valve timing refers to the timing for opening and closing the intake and exhaust valves. Valve timing controls the
opening and closing of the intake and exhaust valves based on the revolution of the crankshaft. This intakes the fuel-air
Narration
mixture and removes the exhaust gases. It also displays when each valve opens and closes and at which angle the
crankshaft rotates based on the piston TDC or BDC. Click the Next button to see how to display the valve timing.
Tip Valve Timing Display
TDC
Abbreviations used when
Vt displaying valve timing
V Vc S
(Vd +Vc) d
BDC
• TDC: Top Dead Center
B
• ATDC: After Top Dead Center
LCP l
TDC • BTDC: Before Top Dead Center
0O
• BDC: Bottom Dead Center
θ
270O 90O
BDC
180O
Title Name Number
Oil supply path
ECU
OCV (Oil Control
Valve) Control
Engine oil
flow
Engine startup
Click!
/38
Narrator: When the engine starts, the oil pump pushes the engine oil from the engine oil pan to the CVVT oil filter and then
to the oil control valve.
Narration
Title Name Number
Oil supply path
• The engine ECU sets the target valve timing according to the engine
load.
-1 -2
Movement of spool valve Advanced Retarded

Retarded Advanced chamber chamber
Oil Oil
release supply
Click!
/38
Narrator: The engine ECU sets a target valve timing according to the engine load. So, how does it change the valve timing?
Narration
Title Name Number
Maximum
retard
Hold
Maximum
advance ※ Click each item to see more details.
Click!
/38
Narrator: There are three valve timing modes: maximum retard, hold, and maximum advance. Click each item to see more
details.
Narration
Title Name Number
• If the OCV is fixed in the CVVT housing with a pin stopper, then
Maximum the CVVT opens the retard port of the oil control valve to supply the
retard retard chamber with the maximum possible amount of oil.
Piston TDC
Hold Engine rotation direction
No valve
Stopper overlap
Maximum
pin
advance
Intake
Housing Rotor Vane

Exhaust
Oil supplied to the retard chamber Piston BDC
Click!
/38
Narrator: Maximum retard mode is used when the OCV is fixed in the CVVT housing with a pin stopper. In this mode, the
CVVT opens the retard port of the oil control valve to supply the retard chamber with the maximum possible amount of oil.
Narration
Title Name Number
Maximum • Hold mode maintains a specific valve timing. In this mode, oil is
retard continuously supplied to both the advance chamber and the retard
chamber.
Piston TDC
Hold Engine rotation direction Valve timing
is constant.
Maximum Advance Retard
advance Chamber Chamber
Intake
Exhaust
Piston BDC
Oil supplied to both the advance chamber and the retard chamber
Click!
/38
Narrator: Hold mode is used to maintain a specific valve timing. To do so, the CVVT supplies oil to the both the advance
chamber and the retard chamber.
Narration
Title Name Number
• The CVVT opens the advance port of the oil control valve to supply
Maximum the advance chamber with the maximum possible amount of oil.
retard
Piston TDC
Engine rotation direction Maxim
Hold
um
valve
Maximum overlap
advance
Intake
Exhaust
Piston BDC
Supplying oil only to the advance chamber
Click!
/38
Narrator: Maximum advance mode opens the advance port of the oil control valve to supply the advance chamber with the
maximum possible amount of oil.
Narration
Title Name Number
Engine rotation direction
Intake Air Advance Retard

Volume Chamber Chamber
CKP & CMP

E Rotor vane
2
TPS
C
Various
Temperatures
U 1 0
Uses sensors to
calculate the
Battery Voltage engine load and
compensation
necessary.
0 Tip Relationship between the engine oil

temperature and the CVVT
Click!
/38
Narrator: - To control variable valves, the ECU calculates the engine load based on the intake air volume, engine RPM, and
signals from the throttle position sensor and then compensates for the load. 0 Click the Next button to see the relationship
Narration
between the engine oil temperature and the CVVT.

Tip Relationship between the engine oil temperature and the CVVT
• Engine oil is used as working fluid in the CVVT: Because cold oil and warm oil have different
viscosities, the CVVT operation time varies depending on the temperature of the oil.
Engine Oil
Viscosity refers to the property that prevents
relative motion between the molecules of a
flowing fluid. The viscosity strength or viscosity
coefficient of a fluid determines how well it flows.
The viscosity coefficient of a fluid varies slightly
depending on its temperature. A fluid's viscosity
depends on how strong the cohesive forces are
between its molecules. Molecular cohesion
decreases as the temperature increases. The
figure on this slide shows that the viscosity
coefficient of engine oil drops significantly
as its temperature rises. In other words, as the
temperature increases, the fluid's molecular
cohesion decreases, thereby increasing the
responsiveness of the CVVT.
Temperature
viscosity coefficient of a fluid
Narrator: The CVVT uses engine oil as a working fluid. As mentioned before, the viscosity of cold oil differs from that
of warm oil. In other words, the CVVT operation time varies depending on the temperature of the oil.
Title Name Number
CMP/CKP waveform before CVVT working CMP/CKP waveform after CVVT working
Channel 1 Channel 1
Movement of
Maximum Retarded
CMP beginning point
from original point
Channel 2 Channel 2
CKP 6 teeth means
that the angle changes
about 36 degree
Channel 3 Channel 3
Click!
/38
Narrator: In the CVVT system, you must check the CMP and CKP sensors to determine whether the CVVT system is
working and at which angle it is working. - The reason is that The CKP, a sensor that detects The rotation angle of The
Narration
crankshaft is fixed, but The CVVT system continuously shifts The phase of The CMP sensor that detects The rotation angle
of The camshaft.
Title Name Number
CVVT Feedback Signal Engine rotation direction
Advance Retard
Chamber Chamber
The CMP sensor
detects the variable rate of the valve.
The CKP
detects the position of
The
the crankshaft.
ECU
sets the timing
of a target
valve. OCV control
Click!
/38
Narrator: The ECU sets the timing of a target valve based on the engine load and detects the position of the crankshaft.
Then, it signals the OCV to change its opening and close timing. The CMP detects and sends the variable rate of the valve
Narration
as a CVVT feedback signal to the ECU so that the ECU can correct the variable rate. This process repeats continuously to
control the variable valve.
Title Name Number
1. Overview
2. Configuration
3. Mechanisms
4. Diagnosis
1) System Diagnosis Mechanisms
2) Diagnosing Each Component
3) Analyzing Service Data
/38
Narration
Title Name Number
1) System Diagnosis Mechanisms
•Oil leaking on the way to the CVVT

Mechanical •Oil leaking from the CVVT
defects •Oil adhering to the CVVT
Camshaft position-timing advance amount exceeded

(DTC: P0010)
Sensor and actuator defects
Circuit defect
Component defect
Click!
/38
Narrator: The purpose of diagnosing the CVVT system is to detect defects in the mechanical components, sensors, and
actuators of the system. Mechanical defects include oil leaking on the way to the CVVT, oil leaking from the CVVT, and oil
Narration
adhering to the CVVT. If any of these problems happen, the system issues a DTC, such as "Camshaft position-timing
advance amount exceeded." Sensor and actuator problems are easier to diagnose if you can determine whether the cause
of the problem is a circuit or the part itself.
Title Name Number
Secure the camshaft in a vise.

(Handle with care to avoid damaging
the cam or journal.)
Faulty -1
Check whether the CVVT rotates: Faulty if it rotates. -1
-1
Normal if it does not rotate. (Replace the CVVT.)
Normal
Check with an air gun: Faulty Faulty if it does not move.

-1 -2
Normal if it moves when air is injected. (Replace the CVVT.)
Normal
Faulty
Normal if the CVVT remains fixed -1
Faulty if it moves.
when turned in the opposite direction -1
(Replace the CVVT.)
by hand.
Click!
/38
Narrator: First, secure the camshaft in a vise. Check whether the CVVT rotates. It is normal if it doesn't rotate. -1 It is faulty
if it rotates. Inject compressed air at above 100 kPa into the oil supply hole. -1 If the CVVT rotates, it is normal. -2 Otherwise,
Narration
it is faulty. Turn the CVVT in the opposite direction by hand. It is normal if the CVVT remains fixed in place. -1 It is faulty if it
moves.
Title Name Number
Checking the OCV Resistance

• With the key in the OFF position, remove the OCV connector and measure the
resistance inside the OVC with a multimeter.
multimeter
Standard value: -1
6.9 - 7.9 Ω (20 ℃)
※ Attention: Each vehicle model may have

its own standard value. Refer to the
owner's manual for that vehicle.
If the value measured

is outside of the
-2
standard value,
replace the OCV.
Click!
/38
Narrator: With the key in the OFF position, remove the OCV connector and measure the resistance inside the OVC with a
multimeter. If the value measured is outside the standard range, replace the OCV.
Narration
Title Name Number
Checking OCV Operation
• Remove the OCV from the cylinder head, and then check whether the spool moves
in the direction indicated by the arrow when supplied with power from the battery.
• Check whether it returns to the original position when you remove the power supply.
Movement of Spool valve
Click!
/38
Narrator: Remove the OCV from the cylinder head, and then check whether the spool moves in the direction indicated by
the arrow when supplied with power from the battery. Then, check whether it returns to the original position when you
Narration
remove the power supply.

Title Name Number
Kappa engine Gamma engine
Lambda engine Tau engine
Click!
/38
Narrator: Each engine has different service data. For this session, we will use one engine as an example.
Narration
Kappa engine
Gamma engine
Theta engine
Lambda engine
Tau engine
Title Name Number
Camshaft Target Position and Camshaft Actual Position
• The camshaft target position

refers to the value of the
ECU target.
• The camshaft actual position
refers to the current variable
value.
Diagnosed as a CVVT-related fault if the actual position does not reach the target position.
Click!
/38
Narrator: The camshaft target position refers to the value that the ECU targets, while the camshaft actual position refers to
the current variable value. If the actual position does not reach the target position, it indicates a CVVT-related fault.
Narration
Title Name Number
00. Continuous Variable Valve Timing System Introduction Learning Evaluation

Evaluation Summary Slide Description
Now we're going to see if you've fully

understood the content of this session.
* Please click the Start! button.
>>Start!
/38
Narrator (Female): In order to make sure that you've understood all of the content we've covered today, we've prepared
this short quiz for you to take.
Narration
Title Name Number

1 2 3
Which of the following forces increase when the exhaust valve opening time is retarded?
① Exhaust gas discharge force

② Inertia
③ Expansion force pressing against the piston
④ Fuel-air mixture intake suction force
Check Answer
• Correct answer: 3
• Explanation: If the exhaust valve opening time is retarded during after ignition, the burned gases press
down the piston longer, thereby increasing the expansion force of the combustion.
/38
Narration
Title Name Number

1 2 3
Which actuator changes the direction of the fluid path supplied to the CVVT, based on signals it receives
from the ECM, to change the opening/closing time of the valve?
① OCV
② CMP
③ CCV
④ PCSV
Check Answer
• Explanation: The OCV is the core control element of the CVVT. It is an actuator that changes the direction
of the fluid supplied to the CVVT, and the ECM controls the OCV to change the opening/closing times of the
valve.
/38
Narration
Title Name Number

1 2 3
Which of the following is the working fluid of the CVVT?
① Coolant
② Air
③ Engine oil
④ MR fluid
Check Answer
• Explanation: When the engine starts, the oil pump pushes the engine oil from the engine oil pan to the
CVVT oil filter and then to the oil control valve.
Click!
/38
Narration
Title Name Number

1 2 3
What change occurs in the viscosity of engine oil when its temperature changes?
① The viscosity does not change.

② The viscosity increases as the temperature increases.
③ The viscosity decreases as the temperature decreases.
④ The viscosity increases as the temperature decreases, and the viscosity decreases as the
temperature increases.
Check Answer
• Explanation: The viscosity of the oil is inversely related to its temperature. When one increases, the other
decreases.
Click!
/38
Narration
Title Name Number

1 2 3
What do you call the combusted gas that remains in the combustion chamber?
① Internal EGR
② Incombustible gas
③ Exhaust gas
④ Noxious gas
Check Answer
• Explanation: Combusted gas that remains in the combustion chamber is called internal EGR.
Click!
/38
Narration
Title Name Number

Your score is...
Out of 3 questions, you got 1 correct answer.
Sorry, you got one wrong answer.

Please be sure to review the material concerning the question you got wrong.
1 2 3
O X X
/38
Narrator: (In case of all correct) Wow! You did great! I can tell you paid attention today. Thank you.
(In case of two correct answers) Sorry, you got one wrong answer. Please be sure to review any material you had trouble with.
Narration
(In case of 0 to 1 correct answer) It seems that today's session might have been difficult for you. But don't be disappointed, I'm sure if you take the time to
go over the content again, you'll soon come to grips with what we've covered today.
Title Name Number
My Own Maintena
nce Diary
/38
Instructor: Now, let's wrap up what we've learned today.

Narration
Title Name Number
• Overview
CVVT System (Continuously Variable Valve - Benefits of the CCVT system: Increased fuel
Timing System) efficiency, reduced noxious emissions, and
• Basic Concepts increased torque in all operating conditions.
- Valve Timing: A process that controls the precise - Internal EGR: Combusted gas that is not
timing for opening and closing the intake and completely discharged during the exhaust stroke
exhaust valves in accordance with the revolution and remains in the combustion chamber.
of the crankshaft in order to intake the fuel-air • Structure
mixture and remove the exhaust gases. - CVVT System Configuration: Intake CVVT,
Exhaust CVVT, CMP, CKP, OCV, and oil
Top dead
center temperature sensor.
Exhaust Exhaust Camshaft Intake Camshaft
Ignition valve
Intake valve closed Exhaust CMP
open
Compressio Power Intake CMP
n stroke stroke
Exhaust Intake
stroke stroke
Exhaust OCV Intake OCV

Intake valve
closed
Exhaust valve ◀1/3▶ Exhaust CVVT Intake CVVT Click!
open
Bottom /38
dead center
Narration
Title Name Number
• Diagnosis
CVVT System (Continuously Variable Valve
Timing System) - Mechanical defects of the CVVT: Oil leaking on
• Principles the way to the CVVT, oil leaking from the CVVT,
- Maximum retard mode: If the OCV is fixed in the CVVT oil adhering to the CVVT.
housing with a pin stopper, the CVVT opens the OCV
retard port to supply the maximum possible amount of - OCV Diagnosis
oil to the retard chamber. ① When the battery supplies power, check
whether the spool moves in the direction
- Hold mode: The CVVT maintains the target valve timing indicated by the arrow.
by supplying oil to both the advance chamber and the ② Check whether the spool returns to the original
retard chamber. position when the battery is not supplying
power.
- Maximum advance mode: The CVVT opens the
advance port of the oil control valve to supply the
advance chamber with the maximum possible amount Movement of Spool valve
of oil.
- Variable valve control: The ECU calculates the engine
load based on the intake air volume, the engine RPM
(CKP & CMP), and the signals from the throttle position
sensor and then sets the target valve variable angle.
- The CMP, which detects the rotation angle of the
camshaft, senses and sends the variable rate of the
angle as a CVVT feedback signal to the ECU. ◀2/3▶ Click!
/38
Narration
Title Name Number
CVVT System (Continuously Variable Valve

Timing System)
• Advanced Concepts
- Valve timing based on engine load
① At idle: Intake at the maximum retard and
exhaust at the maximum advance to
prevent valve overlap.
② At low-speed/high-load: Intake at the
advance and exhaust at the retard to
prevent reverse flow.
③ At partial load: Intake at the advance and
exhaust at the retard to reduce pumping
loss by increasing valve overlap.
④ At high-speed/high-load: Intake at the
maximum retard to increase the volumetric
efficiency by postponing the closing of the
intake valve.
◀3/3▶ Click!
/38
Narration
Title Name Number
CVVT System (Continuously Variable

Valve Timing System)
The copyright to this content belongs to Hyundai/Kia Motors Co., Ltd.
/38
Narrator (Female): That's about all we'll cover in this session, entitled the "CCVT System." Thank you for joining us for this
session.
Narration

Continuous Variable Valve Timing System CVVT System: Click!

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Оригинальное название

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Continuous Variable Valve Timing System CVVT System: Click!

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Course Session Screen

Systems Technology 00. Continuous Variable Valve Timing System 00_01

Continuous Variable Valve Timing System

The copyright to this content belongs to Hyundai/Kia Motors Co., Ltd.

00. Continuous Variable Valve Timing System Introduction

Learning Objectives Course Content

1. To learn the basic configuration and 1. To understand the development

A phenomenon that occurs when

Intake Manifold Exhaust Manifold

-1 Short intake manifold -1 Long intake manifold

Intake inertia effect

Engine RPM Engine RPM

VIS valve closed VIS valve open

• Undesirable effects at low RPM

2) Purpose and Benefits

2) Purpose and Benefits

• Reduces pumping loss due to valve overlap. -1 -1

load which -4 makes it possible to advance the ignition timing further.

2) Purpose and Benefits

2) Purpose and Benefits

2) Purpose and Benefits

High expansion force

Piston TDC Piston TDC

Ignition Postpones the Ignition

2) Purpose and Benefits

• Valve overlap increase → More internal EGR

Reduced • Uncombusted HC recirculation → Fewer HC -2

2) Purpose and Benefits

Catalyst LOT (Light Off Time)

The shorter the LOT (time for

2) Purpose and Benefits

1) Configuration of the CCVT system

Exhaust camshaft Intake camshaft

Exhaust CVVT Intake CVVT

2) Structure of the Intake/Exhaust Valve Variable System

Exhaust CVVTIntake CVVT

3) Structure of the Oil Control Valve

What is an oil control valve (OCV)?

• An actuator that changes the direction of the

3) Structure of the Oil Control Valve

Solenoid section Spool valve section

4) Relationship between the Valve Timing and Engine Load

Increased volumetric efficiency Increased

BDC TDC BDC BDC TDC BDC

5) Advanced Variable Valve Timing Systems

Technological Development of Commercial Variable Valve Systems

5) Advanced Variable Valve Timing Systems

VVT VVL Camless Variable Valve

※ Click each item to see more details.

5) Advanced Variable Valve Timing Systems

VVT VVL Camless Variable Valve

Inner helical gear Our vehicles employ

outer helical gear

Helical Gear Type Vane Type

5) Advanced Variable Valve Timing Systems

VVT VVL Camless Variable Valve

change Controls the

high speed cam

Cam Control Type HLA Control Type

5) Advanced Variable Valve Timing Systems

VVT VVL Camless Variable Valve

EMV Type EHV Type

Read the following statement and select O if it is correct and X if it