C CONNECTORS =

LINKING WORDS
WORDS
They are used to JOIN or
LINK ideas
or sentences.
IDEAS can be related in different ways

There are different

types of connectors
Connectors can
express…
 CONTRAST
ADDITION

REASON
PURPOSE

RESULT
ADDITION CONNECTORS :
They add points to the
same topic
 AND
IN ADDITION (TO)
BESIDES
FURTHERMORE
MOREOVER
AS WELL (AS)
…..ALSO…..
(MID POSITION)
 Subj+ ALSO + V
She´s a famous model and she is
also a mother.
 AS WELL AS
She is a famous model as
well as a mother.
AS WELL AS+ GERUND

She is a famous model as

well as being a mother.
 FINAL
POSITION
……AS WELL.
……TOO
She is a famous model and a
mother as well.
,too.
 CONTRAST
CONNECTORS
They express a contrast
between two ideas.
 BUT
ALTHOUGH
HOWEVER
NEVERTHELESS
IN SPITE OF / DESPITE
idea 1: I am very good at
grammar.

Idea 2: I´m horrible at

listening.
 I am very good at
grammar but I´m
horrible at listening.
 I am very good at
grammar although I´m
horrible at listening.
Although I´m very good
at grammar, I´m horrible
at listening.
 I am very good at
grammar . However,
I´m horrible at listening.
IN SPITE OF
DESPITE OF
IN SPITE OF
DESPITE
+ sentence
GERUND
 I´m very good at
grammar DESPITE
……………horrible at
listening
I´m very good at
grammar DESPITE
being horrible at
listenings
 I´m very good at
grammar IN SPITE OF
being horrible at
listenings
+NOUN PHRASE
(Sintagma nominal)
I´m horrible at
listenings=

SN
I´m horrible at listenings=

“my difficulty
with
listenings”
I´m horrible at listening=

“my problems
with
listenings”
+SENTENCE
 LINKING
SENTENCE
“the fact that”
 I´m good ath
grammar
DESPITE
the fact that…
I´m good ath grammar
DESPITE
the fact that…
I´m horrible at
listenings
CONNECTORS OF
CAUSE
They express the cause of
the main action in the
sentence.
 If we want to join two sentences….

Sentence 1:
All the shops were were shut

Sentence 2:
It was a public holiday
BECAUSE porque

AS porque,como

SINCE puesto que, ya que

DUE TO debido a
 .

All the shops were closed

BECAUSE/SINCE/AS/ it was a
public holiday.
Todas las tiendas estaban cerradas
porque era puente.
• SINCE/AS it was a public
holiday, all the shops were
shut.
• Puesto que era puente, todas las
tiendas estaban cerradas.
• Ya que era puente, todas las
tiendas estaban cerradas.
• AS it was a public holiday, all the shops were
shut.

• Como era puente, todas las tiendas estaban

cerradas.
 .

All the shops were closed

DUE TO it was a public
holiday.
+NOUN PHRASE
(Sintagma nominal)
 .

All the shops were closed DUE

TO the public holiday.
Todas las tiendas estaban cerradas
DEBIDO AL puente.
 .

All the shops were closed DUE TO

the fact that it was the public
holiday.
Todas las tiendas estaban cerradas
DEBIDO AL HECHO DE QUE era puente.
 Connectors
CONNECTORS OF of
purpose (finalidad,
PURPOSE
propósito)
(propósito, finalidad)
• TO
• IN ORDER TO para
• SO AS TO

• SO THAT + Oración con “can”

para poder…
• Tom´s friend employed a nurse to look
after his mother.
• Tom´s friend employed a nurse so as to
look after his mother.
• Tom´s friend employed a nurse in order
to look after his mother

• El amigo de Tom contrató a una

empleada para cuidar de su madre.
 SO THAT + Oración con “can”

• Tom´s friend employed a nurse so that he

could look after his mother.

• El amigo de Tom contrató a una enfermera

para poder cuidar de su madre.
 CAN /COULD… depending on the verb tense in
the sentence.

• Tom´s friend always employs a nurse on

holidays so that he can look after his
mother.
El amigo de Tom siempre contrata a una
enfermera en vacaciones para poder cuidar de
su madre.
 Connectors of
CONNECTORS OF RESULT
purpose (finalidad,
(consecuencia, resultado)
propósito)
 AS A CONSEQUENCE
Connectors of
CONSEQUENTLY
purpose (finalidad,
FOR THIS REASON
propósito)
SO
THEREFORE
Sarah felt ill when she got home
yesterday afternoon.
Consequently/ as a
consequence/so/therefore/as
a result, she missed her
lessons for “Juntos
aprendemos más” .