The Propaganda Movement

Group 4
 The Propaganda Movement
- Death of GomBurZa - awakened feelings & anger
- 1st Filipino nationalist movement, peaceful and more systematic
- led by a Filipino elite
- Dr. Jose Rizal
- Marcelo H. del Pilar
- Graciano Lopez Jaena
- largely young men (mestizos & creoles whose families can afford to send
them to study in Spain)
- exposed to 19th century political movement - enlightenment thoughts,
political rights, constitutionalism, & anti-clericalism
 The Propaganda Movement
Objectives/ Reforms desired:

- Recognition of the Philippines as a province of Spain (assimilation

movement)
- Equal status for both Filipinos and Spaniards
- Philippine representation in the Spanish Cortes
- Secularization of Philippine parishes.
- Recognition of human rights
 The Propaganda Movement
- Targeted the Spanish government and public but failed to influence the wider
Filipino population
- Considered as rebels in the Philippines
- Overall failure - still generated political consciousness
Timeline
 The Propaganda Movement (1872-1892)

July
July
1872 1888 1889 6 July 7
3
1892 1892
1892

GomBurZa Anti-Friar Rizal exiled to

exiled in Luneta Manifesto La Solidaridad La Liga Filipina Dapitan KKK

Start of Requested Created due to Founded by Dr. Known to be the Founded by Andres
Propaganda expulsion of the reality that mass Jose Rizal in Tondo, collapse of La Liga Bonifacio. Deodado
Movement friars from the media is important Manila Filipina Arellano was the
Philippines in propagating president
movement’s
objectives
The Propaganda Movement (1872-1892)

1895 1896 Aug

1896

End of La Cry of Pugad Katipunan’s plans

Solidaridad Lawin uncovered

Due to lack of funds Tore of cedulas Spanish friars

uncovered evidence of
Katipunan and leaders
were forced into
premature action
La Solidaridad and La Liga Filipina
 La Solidaridad
- Created in Spain on December 13, 1888
- Composed of Filipino liberals exiled in 1872
- Founded by Garciano Lopez Jaena
- Aimed to increase Spanish awareness of the needs of the Philippines and to
propagate closer relationship between them
 La Solidaridad

- Issued a newspaper which was

published in Barcelona on Feb 1889
- Edited by Garciano Lopez Jaena then
later on by Marcelo H. del Pilar
- The social, cultural and economic
conditions of the Philippines was
published here
- Speeches of Spanish liberals
La Solidaridad
La Solidaridad
Other members: International members:
Pedro Paterno Professor Ferdinand Bluementritt
Antonio Regidor Dr. Miguel Morayta Sagrario
Isabelo de los Reyes
Eduardo de Lete
Jose Alejandrino
Juan Luna
Miguel Moran
Felix Hidalgo
Pedro Serrano
 La Solidaridad

- Publication only lasted for 6 years - due to lack of funds

- Officially stopped publication on November 15, 1895 with 7
volumes and 160 issues
 La Liga Filipina

- Founded by Jose Rizal in a house at Ilaya St. Tondo, Manila on

July 3 1892
- Its officers were: Ambrosio Salvador - president
Agustin dela Rosa - fiscal
Bonifacio Arevalo - treasurer
Deodato Arellano - secretary
Jose Rizal - adviser
 La Liga Filipina

Aimed to:
1. Unite the whole country
2. Protect and assist all members
3. Fight violence and injustice
4. Support education
5. Study and implement reforms

- 3 days after establishment, Rizal was exiled to Dapitan --

collapse of La Liga Filipina
Rise and Fall
 Rise of the Propaganda Movement
Reasons that started the propaganda movement and sparked the sense of nationalism in the Filipinos:

1. Glorious Revolution of 1868 (Spain)

- deposition of Queen Isabela II
- Spanish liberals and republicans shared their ideologies in the Philippines
- constant replacement of governor-generals appointed in the Philippines

2. Suez Canal was opened for navigation (1869)

- November 17, 1869 by a French company led by Ferdinand de Lesseps
- paved the way for the Philippines' direct commercial relations with Spain
instead of via Mexico (Two months -> 30 days)
- Affluent families could send their children to universities in Europe
 Rise of the Propaganda Movement
3. The 1872 Cavite Mutiny and GomBurZa Execution
- uprising of the military personnel of Fort San Felipe, the Spanish arsenal in
Cavite, on January 20, 1872
- February 17, 1872 - Fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos and Jocinto
Zamora were executed by the Spaniards on charges of subversion and
alleged complicity in the uprising of workers at the Cavite Naval Yard
 Fall of the Propaganda Movement

- Rizal’s arrest
- failure of La Liga Filipina
- split between ilustrados who advocated for reform and a working-class
public that wanted revolution and national independence
 Was it a success or was it a failure?

- Failure: primary aim of the illustrados was to protect their personal interest
in the political rules and economic benefit as a province of Spain
- Success: Although the Propaganda Movement had not brought to reality
changes and reforms in the country, the spirit of nationhood had its roots in
the movement
Three main reasons why it failed
 Reasons why propaganda movement failed:
1. The leaders were ambitious and somewhat greedy. They did some
reforms but those reforms were only for their own interest.
a. Disorganization in Hacienda of Calamba
- It started 3 years after Rizal went to Europe
- Discord between Dominican friars and farmers because the friars were asking
for too much money for the land even if the farmers who live there were the
owners of the land
- The issue was brought to court. When the decision has been made, no one
wants to take care of the land that’s why the farmers who were asked to leave
the land came back.
 Reasons why propaganda movement failed:
2. There was a lack of fund to support the movement.
 Reasons why propaganda movement failed:
3. Internal conflicts was also present between propagandists Rizal and Del Pilar
which led to Del Pilar’s backing out.
a. Rizal in Madrid
- When Rizal was in Madrid, he doesn’t have a clue about del Pilar becoming a leader
of the group that they were making
- Rizal and del Pilar were voted to be the leader of the said group but Rizal walked out
because of the process of voting. Del Pilar asked the “Pilarista” to vote Rizal and Rizal
became the leader of the group.
- Del Pilar asked Rizal to write again for La Solidaridad but Rizal declined him because
he was writing his new novel titled “El Filibusterismo”
- Rizal declined everything from del Pilar and gave him a message before he went to
Asia: del Pilar was the protector of Rizal at the same time, he also wants Rizal to be
removed
Leaders of the Propaganda Movement
Principal leaders
Graciano Lopez-Jaena

Apprenticeship in San Juan de

Dios Hospital

Fray Botod

Genesis of Propaganda Movement

 Specific program for reform3

Equality before law

Human rights and Stimulation of
freedom labor

Universal suffrage

Education indpt Development of

from religion industry
Republicanism
Graciano Lopez-Jaena

Journalism

Literary writing

Oratory
 Marcelo H. del Pilar

Diariong Tagalog

Anti-friar propaganda

Caiingat cayo
 Marcelo H. del Pilar

Father of Philippine
Journalism

Works were written in

Tagalog

La Solidaridad editor and co-

publisher
ecularization of the parishes and removal of friars

Active Filipino participation in gov’t affairs

Freedom of speech

Wider social and political freedoms

Representation in the Spanish Court

Jose P. Rizal

Honorary president of La
Solidaridad

Noli Me Tangere

El Filibusterismo
Background of the Propagandists
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Background of Propagandists
Background of Propagandists
Reference list
1. La Solidaridad. (n.d). Retrieved March 11, 2018 from
https://rlp.hds.harvard.edu/faq/propaganda-movement

1. La Solidaridad & La Liga Filipina. (n.d.). Retrieved March 11, 2018

from http://www.philippine-history.org/la-solidaridad.htm

1. Schumacher, J.N. (1973). The Propaganda Movement, 1880-1895:

The creators of a Filipino consciousness, the makers of
revolution. Manila: Solidaridad Pub. House