Вы находитесь на странице: 1из 37

 Description

 The goal of Introduction to


Information Systems is to teach
undergraduate business
majors how to use information
technology to master their
current or future jobs. Students
develop a working
understanding of information
systems and
information technology and
learn how to apply concepts
to successfully facilitate
business processes. This
product demonstrates that IT is
a key component of any
business, whether a student is
majoring in Accounting,
Finance, Marketing, Human
Resources,
or Production/Operations
Management.
Chapter 1
1.1 Why Should I Study Information Systems?
1.2 Overview of Computer-Based Information
Systems
1.3 How Does IT Impact Organizations?
1.4 Why Are Information Systems Important to
Society?
1. Begin the process of becoming an informed
user of your organization’s information
systems.
2. Define the terms data, information, and
knowledge, and give examples of each.
3. Define the terms information technology,
information system, computer-based
information system, and application.
 Homo Conexus:
 You are the most connected generation in history.
 You practice continuous computing. You are
surrounded by a personal, movable information
network.
 Your personal information network is created by
constant cooperation between: the digital devices you
carry; the wired and wireless networks that you
access as you move about; Web-based tools for
finding information and communicating and
collaborating with other people.
 You can pull information from the Web and push your
ideas back to the Web.
YOU! An informed user is a person
knowledgeable about information systems and
information technology, IT skills open many
doors because IT is so widely used.
 Reasons why you should be an informed user:
 You will benefit more from your organization’s IT
applications because you will understand what is
“behind” those applications.
 You will be in a position to enhance the quality of
your organization’s IT applications with your input.
Even as a new graduate, you will quickly be in a
position to recommend the IT applications that your
organization will use.
 Being an informed user will keep you abreast of both
new information technologies and rapid
developments in existing technologies.
 You will understand how using IT can improved your
organizations performance and teamwork as well as
your own productivity.
 A digital nomad is someone who uses
information technologies such as smart
phones, wireless Internet access, and Web-
based applications to work remotely from
anywhere.
 IT is vital to the operation of modern
business, it offers many employment
opportunities such as: Chief Information
Officer (CIO), IS Director, Project Manager,
Systems Analyst, Database Administrator,
Operations Manager, Webmaster For further
details about current careers in IT see:
 Managing systems development and systems
project management

 Managing computer operations

 Staffing, training, developing IS skills

 Providing technical services

 Infrastructure planning, development, control


 Initiating and designing strategic information systems
 Incorporating the Internet and e-commerce into the business
 Managing system integration
 Educating non-IS managers about IT
 Educating IS staff about the business
 Supporting end-user computing
 Partnering with executives
 Managing outsourcing
 Innovate
 Ally with vendors and IS departments in other organizations
 Other names:
◦ MIS Department
◦ Information Systems Department
◦ Information Technology Department
◦ Information Services Department
 Deals with:
“Planning for - and the development, management,
and use of - IT tools to help people perform all the
tasks related to information processing and
management” (p.12)
According to Rainer and Cegielski:

Information Systems collect, process, store,


analyze, and disseminate information for a
specific purpose. The purpose of IS: to get
the right information to the right people at
the right time in the right amount and in the
right format to support business process and
decision making.
 IS – a set of interrelated components working
together to collect, retrieve, process, store,
and distribute information for the purpose of
facilitating planning, control, coordination,
analysis, and decision making in business
organizations
 Relatesto any computer-based
tool that people use to work with
information and to support the
information and information-
processing needs of an
organization.
 Technology– the means by which data is
transformed and organized for business use:
◦ Hardware
◦ Software
◦ Database
◦ Telecommunication
 People – the users of IS
 Organization -- a collection of functional
units working together to achieve a common
goal
Goal of Information Systems:
“economically process data
into information or
knowledge”
 Computer-based information
systems are information systems
that use computer technology to
perform some or all of their
intended tasks.
 For this reason the term “information
system” is typically used
synonymously with “computer-based
information system.”
The basic components of computer-based information systems
are:
 Hardware is a device such as a processor, monitor, keyboard
or printer
 Software is a program or collection of programs that enable
hardware to process data.
 Database is a collection of related files or tables containing
data.
 Network is a connecting system (wireline or wireless) that
permits different computers to share resources.
 Procedures are the set of instructions about how to combine
the above components in order to process information and
generate the desired output.
 People are those individuals who use the hardware and
software, interface with it, or uses its output.
 Transaction processing systems (TPS)
 Management information systems (MIS)
 Decision support systems (DSS)
 Expert systems (ES)
 Communications systems
 Collaboration systems
 Office automation systems
 “Monitor, collect, store, and process data
generated from all business transactions.”
 TPS must be able to:
◦ Efficiently handle high volumes of data, Avoid
errors, Handle large variations in volume, Avoid
downtime, Never lose results, Maintain privacy and
security, record results accurately and efficiently
 Data is collected using Source Data
Automation
◦ capture data at its source in a form that can be
directly entered into the computer (bar-code
scanning technology)
Rudy Giuliani checking out
of a Wal-Mart using a bar
code scanner that
produces data captured by
a transaction processing
system
Note: the barcode
scanner is an example
of source data
automation
 An application (or app) is a computer program
designed to support a specific task or business
process.
 (A synonymous term is application program.) The
collection of application systems in a single
department is usually referred to as a
departmental information system (also known as
a functional area information system). For
example, the collection of application systems in
the human resources area is called the human
resources information system (HRIS).
 Information systems that support a
business and its employees
 Types:
◦ Breadth of support (functional area)
 Functional (or departmental) information systems
 Enterprise Resource Planning systems (ERP)
 Inter-organizational information systems
 E-commerce systems
◦ Organizational level (organizational structure)
 Clerical, operational, managerial, knowledge-work,
strategic, etc.
 Dashboards:

◦ Provide rapid access to timely information.

◦ Provide direct access to management reports.

◦ Are very user friendly and supported by graphics.


http://www.dashboardcompany.com/demos/Dashbo
ardInsight_Brand_Demo.html

http://www.informationbuilders.com/rfr/qtde
mo/AdvVis_ExecDash/AdvVis_ExecDash.html
 Impact on Managers

 Impact on Employes
 Improved Quality of Life

 Robot Revolution
◦ Industrial Robots
◦ Telepresence Robot
◦ Surgical Robot

 Improvements in Healthcare

Вам также может понравиться