0 оценок0% нашли этот документ полезным (0 голосов)
129 просмотров34 страницы
This document provides an introduction to programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. It outlines the aims and learning outcomes of the module, which are to develop an understanding of PLCs and how to apply them to industrial control problems. It also covers SCADA systems and how to select the appropriate systems for different problems. The document gives a brief history of control systems and outlines the advantages of PLCs for industrial applications. It provides descriptions of basic PLC components, programming methods, and manufacturers.
This document provides an introduction to programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. It outlines the aims and learning outcomes of the module, which are to develop an understanding of PLCs and how to apply them to industrial control problems. It also covers SCADA systems and how to select the appropriate systems for different problems. The document gives a brief history of control systems and outlines the advantages of PLCs for industrial applications. It provides descriptions of basic PLC components, programming methods, and manufacturers.
This document provides an introduction to programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. It outlines the aims and learning outcomes of the module, which are to develop an understanding of PLCs and how to apply them to industrial control problems. It also covers SCADA systems and how to select the appropriate systems for different problems. The document gives a brief history of control systems and outlines the advantages of PLCs for industrial applications. It provides descriptions of basic PLC components, programming methods, and manufacturers.
Faculty of Engineering and Construction ICBT Campus Subject Introduction • 10 Credit Module • 20 – 30 Hours Lecture • 2 practical's Aim • To develop a detailed understanding of Programmable Logic Controllers and their application to industrial control. To develop the ability to understand and apply Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition Systems (SCADA) to a wide spectrum of industrial problems. Learning Outcome • Learning Outcomes On completion of the module students should be able to:
1. Design and implement control schemes using pneumatic/electro-
pneumatic hardware.
2. Understand PLC architecture and operation.
3. Develop PLC software to solve a range of industrial problems.
4. Understand the basic structure of SCADA systems and
select/configure appropriate SCADA systems for a range of problems.
5. Undertake a redundancy and risk assessment
Introduction to Module • The lessons presented in this module adopt a dual format: 1. a conventional format – written notes covering the particular topic under discussion and
2. a format based upon a PLC software simulation package –
LogixPro. Learning Outcome • Introduction to PLC.
• Review of combination and sequential logic.
• Basic Ladder diagram.
History • Control engineering has evolved over time. In the past humans were the main method for controlling a system. More recently electricity has been used for control and early electrical control was based on relays. • Relays allow power to be switched on and off without a mechanical switch. It is common to use relays to make simple logical control decisions. • The development of low cost computer has brought the most recent revolution, the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). The advent of the PLC began in the 1970s, and has become the most common choice for manufacturing controls Advantage of PLC in industry • Cost effective for controlling complex systems. • Flexible and can be reapplied to control other systems quickly and easily. • Computational abilities allow more sophisticated control. • Trouble shooting aids make programming easier and reduce downtime. • Reliable components make these likely to operate for years before failure. PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) • Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) are basically microprocessor devices that are used throughout industry to control plant operations. • In addition, although there are many different types of PLC, the generic structure is similar and consists of three main components. • Power Supply • A central processing unit • Input/output Module PLC Basic Block Diagram PLC Basic Operation - Example PLC Manufactures • Allen-Bradley, • Mitsubishi, • Siemens, • Omron, • Telemechanique, PLC Selection to an application • The physical size of the PLC and its functionality.
• The type and number of I/O modules.
• There are numerous types of I/O modules available ranging from simple digital modules to intelligent function modules which in some cases have their own dedicated processors. Types of PLC • In terms of physical look, there are three main types of PLC • Brick Types of PLC • Modular Types of PLC • Medium sized PLC PLC Programming • Ladder Logic • Statement List • Graphical Format Activity • Think of a practical application of PLC, and explain the operation. • Identify which type of PLC can be select for your application. Combinational logic abstraction • Combinational logic abstraction • Logic gate abstractions • Logic simplification • Boolean algebra • K-Map Sequential Logic abstraction • Sequential Logic • Devices • Latches • Flip-Flops • Timers Simple relay to ladder • ladder logic has been developed to mimic relay logic. Simple relay to ladder Basic Ladder • Ladder logic Input Basic Ladder • Ladder logic output Basic Ladder • Ladder logic output Question • Try to develop (without looking at the solution) a relay based controller that will allow three switches in a room to control a single light. Logic gates and ladders • AND Logic
• OR Logic Logic gates and ladders • Complex logic gates Boolean logic design • Design 2-4 Multiplexer using Ladder logic
• Develop a program that will cause output D to go true when
switch A and switch B are closed or when switch C is closed.
• Develop a program that will cause output D to be on when
push button A is on, or either B or C are on. Instruction List (Mnemonic program) Mnemonic program Sequential function chart • The term sequential function chart (SFC) is used for a pictorial representation of a system’s operation to show the sequence of events involved in its operation. SFC charts have the following elements: • The operation is described by a number of separate sequentially connected states or steps that are represented by rectangular boxes, each representing a particular state of the system being controlled. Light Flash Structured text program