Welcome To My Presentation

Presented by:
Jannatul Ferdous
Reg No:16-07531
Objective,Implication and
Limitation Of Agroforestry
What Is Agroforestry
Agroforestry or agro-sylviculture is a land use
management system in which trees or shrubs are
grown around or among crops or pastureland.

 It combines shrubs and trees in agricultural and

forestry technologies to create more diverse,
productive, profitable, healthy, ecologically sound,
and sustainable land-use systems.
 AFTA defines agroforestry as an intensive land
management system that optimizes the benefits
from the biological interactions created when
trees and/or shrubs are deliberately combined
with crops and/or livestock.

 There are five basic types of agroforestry

practices today in windbreaks, alley cropping,
silvopasture, riparian buffers and forest farming.
Within each agroforestry practice, there is a
continuum of options available to landowners
depending on their own goals (e.g., whether to
maximize the production of interplanted crops,
animal forage, or trees).
Objectives Of Agroforestry
 To manage land efficiently so that its productivity
is increased and restored.
To use available resources efficiently and
economically.
To generate employment opportunities for rural
peoples.
To provide raw material for small cottage
industries in rural areas.
 To raise the supply of fuel in the rural areas at
convenient distance for consumer. In India 70
million tons of dried cow dung is used every year,
which can be diverted for natural organic fertilizer
moreover undue pressure is on traditional forest
for obtaining fuel wood.
 Agroforestry aims at promoting production of,
vegetables, pulses, milk and meat. Thus it can raise
the Nutritional value of food, which is urgently,
require for mankind in our country. Average Indian
gets 2000 calories when 3000 calories require per
day.
 Agro-forestry program helps in obtaining an
ecological balance in rural areas and thus it may be
consider a matter of great significance for a
country like India.
One of the main objectives of Agroforestry is to
raise the production of food crops, legumes and
tuber to meet the rapidly growing food
requirements of the Indian population.

Agroforestry aims at promoting production of,

vegetables, pulses, milk and meat.
Thus it can raise the Nutritional value of food,
which is urgently, require for mankind in our
country. Average Indian gets 2000 calories when
3000 calories require per day.
 Preservation of humidity in cultivable lands and
check soil erosion.

Increase productivity of land. In drought prone

areas Agroforestry reduces insecurity of the
agriculture; in such areas the dual system of
production of tree and grasses ensures stability
with productivity of land.
 Supply of fodder for vast population of livestock. For
proper feeding to livestock increase supply of fodder is
urgently required. Large supply of milk and meat is
achieved from livestock and poultry when fodder and
feeding is proper.
Implication of Agroforestry
Agroforestry And Soil Carbon Stocks
Soil carbon stocks are changed by anthropogenic
activities like land-use change,
deforestationthrough shifting carbon stocks in
different components of biogeochemical cycle
(IPCC, 2000).
Globally, the forestry sector contributes for the
17.4% of total green houses gas emissions(IPCC,
2007).

Hence, forest management is one major tool for

decreasing the atmospheric CO2gas concentration
through increasing the carbon sequestration rate
(Lal, 2005).
Carbon sequestration rate of soil depends upon
the input of dead organic matter provided by
plants, soil properties such as soil structures and
their aggregations, and climate (Lal, 2004).
Agroforestry systems that combine trees and shrubs
with crops and livestock enhances organiccarbon
accumulation in soils by providing continuous
supply of organic matter, and it alsoincreases soil
microorganisms by which the nutrient cycle is
preserved (Araujo et al., 2012).
Soil carbon stock under agroforestry system
washigher because of input of carbon through
litter fall and greater root biomass (Benbi et al.,
2012).

Hence, the agroforestry may be one possible

option for mitigating emission from land
usechanges through reducing soil degradation
(Albrecht et al., 2003).
 Beside carbon sequestration,agroforestry provides
food, fodder, fuel-wood, and timber which
contribute to the improvementof the livelihood of
farmers.
Agforestry And Livelihood
Livelihood is affected by the employment, trading
of material, sale of labor, home garden, food
processing, livestock production, and cultivation
or use of natural or common property
resources(Adato et al., 2003).
Seventy to eighty percent of rural populations of
developing countries depend up on the forest
resources and subsistence agricultural for their
livelihood (El-Lakany,2004)
The adoption of the practice of agroforestry
increases crop production, income, savings.

Improves food security, and provides firewood and

fodder (Akinnifesi et al., 2008).
Tree-based agroforestry practices could bring
opportunities for rural development through
promoting agroindustries and improving local
economies by reducing unemployment (Kumar et
al., 2012).
 In Asia, the practice of agroforestry could be one
possible option for providing food for the
growingpopulation, and reducing adverse
environmental problems like land degradation and
climatechange (Kumar, 2006).
Hence, the adoption of agroforestry could have
multifold benefits that improve the quality of local
livelihood.

The potential of agroforestry to have a positive

effect on local livelihood is influenced by different
socioeconomic factors such as landholding
size,livestock population, gender, and the relative
importance of agriculture in household .
Statement of the Problem
In Nepal, some researches were carried out in the
field of forest and soil carbon sequestration like
Upadhyay et al. (2005), Sitaula et al. (2004),
Awasthi et al (2005), Shrestha et al., (2007),Yang et
al, (2004)

These studies do not cover the potential of

agroforestry for carbonsequestration.
 Agroforestry land-use management is necessary
for increasing soil carbon stocksand socio-
economic development of farmers, and the
research on the carbon sequestration rate of
agroforestry is necessary for making future policies
and strategies on the issue of climate change.
Limitation Of Agroforestry
Possible competition of trees with food crops for
space, sunlight, moisture and nutrient which may
reduce crop yield.
 Damage to food crops during harvesting of trees.
 Potential of trees is serving as hosts to insects and
birds.
Select legume trees that have small or light crowns
so that sunlight will reach the food crops.

 Select trees that are deep-rooted so that they will

also absorb nutrients from the deeper subsoil.

 Space the trees further apart to reduce their

competitive effect on the food crop.
Rapid regeneration of profile trees may displace
food crops and take over entire fields.

Through skilled management practices any or all

these aspects can be controlled. For example, once
it is known that trees complete with food crops
and may reduce food yields, it is easy to adopt
some of the following strategies.
Conclution
Agroforestry is the third land-use method after
agriculture and forestry and combines the
technologies from the two other methods for more
sustainable and productive land-use.
 Though some limitation it has different variations
of systems are centered around problems they aim
to address and include parks, shelterbelts and
wind breaks, shade systems, crop-over-trees
system.
Thank You