Submitted By –

Shikhar Karan Verma

B.V.Sc & A.H.3rd
Year
 Peste – des –petitis –ruminants
 It means plague of small ruminants i.e. goat and sheep.
 Plague is a lattin word which means blow.

 Synonyms –
 Erosive stomatitis
 Enteritis of goats
 Stomatitis – pneumoenteritis complex.
History
 The disease was first recognized in 1942 in Ivory Coast
in French West Africa.

 In India it was first reported in 1989 in native sheep

flocks in Villupuram district of Tamil Nadu.
Definition-
 PPR is an acute highly contagious disease of goats and
sheep , caused by a morbillivirus (ss RNA )

 It is characterized by fever , anorexia ,lymphopaenia

,erosive stomatitis ,diarrhoea , oculonasal purulent
discharge and respiratory distress.

 It is rinderpest like disease ,highly fatal in goats , less

in sheep.
 PPR is antigenically closely
related to the viruses of RP,
Canine distemper and measles.
 PPR and RP viruses cross
immunize and cross -protect.
• Morbidity and mortality rates in
sheep and goats in enzootic
areas are generally high (above
50%) and can be upto 90% .
• Disease is more severe in goats
than in sheep .
• It is rapidly fatal in young
animal.
Spread -
 Close contact with an infected animal or contaminated
fomites is required.

 Infection is mainly by inhalation.

Pathogenesis -
Virus Penetrate

Retropharyngeal mucosa

Viraemia

Damages to alimentary,Respiratory and lymphoid

systems
Necrosis

Death
Signs -
 High Fever (Above 104°F )
 Dullness
 Serious discharge from eyes and nostrils
 Leukopaenia
 Diarrhoea develops 3-4 days after the onset of fever.
 Faeces (Mucoid and blood tinged )
 Dyspnoea
 Superficial erosion on mucosa of vulva & prepuce
 Death (Within a week )
Inflamed Eye Membrane (Redness) Signs of diarrhoea
Purulent eye and nose discharge
Lesions -
 Gross lesions –
 Extensive area of erosion
 Necrosis
 Ulceration present in oral mucosa ,pharynx and upper
oesophagus.
 Zebra striping (Ileocaecal region ,colon and rectum )
 Retropharyngeal & mesentric lymph node enlarged.
 Pneumonia is characterized by areas of red
consolidation and atelactasis.
Nodular lesion around mouth
Later mouth lesion Early mouth lesions
showing area of dead
cells
Advanced pneumonia in lungs
Yellowish fibers deposit on the lungs
Early stage of pneumonia
Zebra striping in large
intestine
Microscopic lesions -
 Syncytial cells are present.
 Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies may be abundant in
necrotic glands of SI and LI.
 Proliferation of type -2 pneumocytes.
 Intracytoplasmic & intranuclear inclusion bodies are
present in epithelial cells.
Diagnosis -
 Presumptive Diagnosis –
 Clinical signs & P.M. findings.
 Pneumonia
 Isolation of virus & identification by AGID or CIEP.
 ELISA
 Differential diagnosis –
 CFT ,Virus neutralization test
 Reverse transcriptase – polymerasechain reaction (RT-
PCR)
Thank You
Advanced pneumonia in lungs
Zebra striping in large
intestine
Zebra striping in large
intestine