CHOOSING A TOPIC

EDD 7TH
BY: CANDY LEYVA
SOCIAL CONCERNS
 #1: WATER ACCESSIBILITY

• WATER SCARCITY IS THE LACK OF SUFFICIENT AVAILABLE WATER RESOURCES TO MEET WATER
NEEDS WITHIN A REGION AND IT AFFECTS EVERY CONTINENT.
• NOT EVERYONE AROUND THE WORLD HAS ACCESSIBILITY TO CLEAN, DRINKABLE WATER.
• THERE ARE ABOUT 663 MILLION PEOPLE WHO LIVE WITHOUT ACCESS TO SAFE DRINKING
WATER.
• ALTHOUGH SOME PEOPLE MAY HAVE ACCESS TO WATER- IT’S NOT EVERY DAY, ALL DAY.
 PROBABLE SOLUTIONS

o WATER DRILL
 TAPPING INTO THE EARTH’S NATURAL RESERVES
o FILTERING DIRTY WATER SOURCES
 DESIGN AN ECONOMIC FILTER THAT ALLOWS THE PURIFICATION OF WASTE WATER
o ANALYZING SOIL INDICATORS
 USED FOR ASSESSING BOTH LAND SUITABILITY FOR RESTORATION AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF
RESTORATION STRATEGIES
 CITATIONS (#1)

BAIN, T. S. (2017, MARCH 17). ACCESS TO DRINKING WATER AROUND THE WORLD – IN FIVE
INFOGRAPHICS. RETRIEVED FROM HTTPS://WWW.THEGUARDIAN.COM/GLOBAL-
DEVELOPMENT-PROFESSIONALS-NETWORK/2017/MAR/17/ACCESS-TO-DRINKING-
WATER-WORLD-SIX-INFOGRAPHICS
COSTANTINI, E. C., BRANQUINHO, C., NUNES, A., SCHWILCH, G., STAVI, I., VALDECANTOS, A., &
ZUCCA, C. (2015). SOIL INDICATORS TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RESTORATION
STRATEGIES IN DRYLAND ECOSYSTEMS. SOLID EARTH DISCUSSIONS, 7(4), 3645-3687.
DOI:10.5194/
 #2: NEW SOURCE OF FUEL ENERGY

• NOT ONLY IS THE AMOUNT OF PETROLEUM THE EARTH HAS LIMITED, IT’S ALSO A MAIN
SOURCE OF POLLUTION AND WORLD CONFLICT.
• PETROLEUM COVERS BOTH NATURALLY OCCURRING UNPROCESSED CRUDE OIL AND
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS THAT ARE MADE UP OF REFINED CRUDE OIL. A FOSSIL FUEL,
PETROLEUM IS FORMED WHEN LARGE QUANTITIES OF DEAD ORGANISMS, USUALLY
ZOOPLANKTON AND ALGAE, ARE BURIED UNDERNEATH SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SUBJECTED
TO BOTH INTENSE HEAT AND PRESSURE.
 PROBABLE SOLUTIONS
o GREEN ENERGY
 FURTHER INNOVATE A TYPE OF FUEL THAT DOES NOT PRODUCE POLLUTION AND IS AS EFFECTIVE
AS PETROLEUM
 CURRENT EXAMPLE: CORN ETHANOL
o ENERGY THAT COMES FROM RENEWABLE RESOURCES
 CONSIDER THINGS THAT ARE A CONSTANT LIKE THE WIND, THE SUN, AND HUMAN FORCE
o ENERGY FROM WASTE
 HUMAN WASTE IS SOMETHING THAT’S UNAVOIDABLE, SO WHY NOT UTILIZE ITS CHEMICAL MAKEUP
FOR ENERGY
 THIS WOULD BE ESPECIALLY USEFUL IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
 CITATIONS (#2)

SALZBERG, S. (2016, APRIL 26). WHY ARE WE GROWING CORN TO FUEL OUR CARS? THREE
REASONS WHY ETHANOL IS A BAD IDEA. RETRIEVED FROM
HTTPS://WWW.FORBES.COM/SITES/STEVENSALZBERG/2016/04/25/WHY-ARE-WE-
GROWING-CORN-TO-FUEL-OUR-CARS-THREE-REASONS-WHY-ETHANOL-IS-A-BAD-
IDEA/#14317D1C5E98
SHEN, C., KAUFMANN, P., HACHMANN, C., & BRAUN, M. (2018). THREE-STAGE POWER SYSTEM
RESTORATION METHODOLOGY CONSIDERING RENEWABLE ENERGIES. INTERNATIONAL
JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL POWER & ENERGY SYSTEMS, 94287-299.
DOI:10.1016/J.IJEPES.2017.07.007
 #3: AFFORDABLE SOLAR ENERGY

• ENERGY THAT DERIVES FROM THE SUN

• THIS AN ENVIRONMENTAL-FRIENDLY SOURCE OF ENERGY THAT DOES NOT LEAVE IMMEDIATE
POLLUTANTS
 PROBABLE SOLUTIONS

o FIND ALTERNATIVE MATERIALS

 THAT STILL ALLOW FOR SOLAR ENERGY TO BE CREATED YET IS CHEAPER TO THE PUBLIC
o REGULATIONS
 IF THE CITY GOVERNMENT ENFORCED THE USE OF THIS TYPE OF ENERGY THEN IT WOULD
BECOME MORE ECONOMICAL (BASIC ECONOMIC KNOWLEDGE NEEDED TO UNDERSTAND
THIS)
o ALTERNATIVE
 INVENT SOMETHING ELSE THAT CAN EFFECTIVELY CAPTURE AND USE SUNLIGHT
 CITATIONS (#3)

AGGARWAL, V. (2017, JUNE 02). WHY ARE SOLAR PANELS SO EXPENSIVE? | ENERGYSAGE.
RETRIEVED FROM HTTP://NEWS.ENERGYSAGE.COM/UNDERSTANDING-THE-COST-OF-A-
SOLAR-PANEL-SYSTEM/
 #4: OCEAN ACIDIFICATION

• OCEAN ACIDIFICATION REFERS TO A REDUCTION IN THE PH OF THE OCEAN OVER AN

EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME, CAUSED PRIMARILY BY UPTAKE OF CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) FROM
THE ATMOSPHERE.
• THIS AFFECTS THE OCEAN ECOSYSTEM.
- BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE KNOWLEDGE STATES THAT THE CAREFULLY LINKED CHAIN THAT’S
THE WORLD’S ECOSYSTEM, CAN BE DESTROYED IF ONE PART OF THE CHAIN FALLS APART.
 POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS

o ENGINEER A CHEMICAL PROCESS THAT RESTORES THE PH BALANCE OF THE OCEAN

o STOP POLLUTING THE OCEAN
 CITATIONS (#4)

PASSARELLI, M. C., RIBA, I., CESAR, A., SERRANO-BERNANDO, F., & DELVALLS, T. A. (2017).
ASSESSING THE INFLUENCE OF OCEAN ACIDIFICATION TO MARINE AMPHIPODS: A
COMPARATIVE STUDY. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT, 595759-768.
DOI:10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2017.04.004
US DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION.
(2012, AUGUST 01). WHAT IS OCEAN ACIDIFICATION? RETRIEVED FROM
HTTPS://OCEANSERVICE.NOAA.GOV/FACTS/ACIDIFICATION.HTML
 #5: FUSION-ORIGINATED ENERGY

• THE ENERGY IS PRODUCED BY FUSING TOGETHER LIGHT ATOMS, SUCH AS HYDROGEN, AT THE
EXTREMELY HIGH PRESSURES AND TEMPERATURES WHICH EXIST AT THE CENTER OF THE SUN
• ATOMS NEVER REST: THE HOTTER THEY ARE, THE FASTER THEY MOVE. IN THE SUN'S CORE,
WHERE TEMPERATURES REACH 15,000,000° C, HYDROGEN ATOMS ARE IN A CONSTANT STATE
OF AGITATION. AS THEY COLLIDE AT VERY GREAT SPEEDS, THE NATURAL ELECTROSTATIC
REPULSION THAT EXISTS BETWEEN THE POSITIVE CHARGES OF THEIR NUCLEI IS OVERCOME
AND THE ATOMS FUSE.
 PROBABLE SOLUTIONS

o THERE IS A VAST AMOUNT OF HYDROGEN-ISOTOPES

 DEUTERIUM CAN BE DISTILLED FROM ALL FORMS OF WATER. IT IS A WIDELY AVAILABLE,
HARMLESS, AND VIRTUALLY INEXHAUSTIBLE RESOURCE. IN EVERY CUBIC METRE OF SEAWATER,
FOR EXAMPLE, THERE ARE 33 MILLIGRAMS OF DEUTERIUM.
o DEVICE
 FURTHER INNOVATIVE THE MIRACLE MACHINE THAT WILL ALLOW THE FUSION TO OCCUR
 CITATIONS(#5)

ENERGY, F. F. (N.D.). WHAT IS FUSION? RETRIEVED FROM

HTTP://FUSIONFORENERGY.EUROPA.EU/UNDERSTANDINGFUSION/
FUELLING THE FUSION REACTION. (N.D.). RETRIEVED FROM
HTTPS://WWW.ITER.ORG/SCI/FUSIONFUELS
 #6: CARBON SEQUESTRATION

• NATURAL OR ARTIFICIAL PROCESS BY WHICH CARBON DIOXIDE IS REMOVED FROM THE

ATMOSPHERE AND HELD IN SOLID OR LIQUID FORM
• CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN ITSELF IS NOT A “PROBLEM” ITSELF, BUT THE LACK OF
KNOWLEDGE WE HAVE ABOUT THE SUBJECT AND ITS BENEFITS
 PROBABLE SOLUTIONS

o THIS HELPS REDUCE THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT

 BECAUSE CARBON, IN THE SPECIFIC FORM OF CARBON DIOXIDE, IS BEING REMOVED FROM
THE ATMOSPHERE IT WILL REDUCE GLOBAL WARMING
o CAN BE USED TO NOURISH SOIL
 THE TRANSFORMED CARBON COULD BE USED TO HELP MAKE ARID LAND INTO SOIL THAT CAN
BE USED FOR FARMING AND AGRICULTURE
- REDUCE THE AMOUNT OF A ROTATION FOR CROPS IN AGRICULTURE
FIND A WAY TO NOT ONLY MAKE THIS KNOWN, BUT ATTAINABLE AND AFFORDABLE
 CITATIONS (#6)

CARBON SEQUESTRATION . (N.D.). RETRIEVED FROM

HTTPS://TEEIC.INDIANAFFAIRS.GOV/ER/CARBON/INDEX.HTM
CARBON SEQUESTRATION HELPS ENVIRONMENT AND IMPROVES FARM YIELDS. (2006, MARCH).
C3 VIEWS, (16), 5+. RETRIEVED FROM HTTP://0-
GO.GALEGROUP.COM.LIB.EPCC.EDU/PS/I.DO?P=GPS&SW=W&U=TXSHRACD2503&V=
2.1&IT=R&ID=GALE%7CA144105901&ASID=02B9C34998D60D8B1CB774ECF0B4C536
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS. (N.D.). RETRIEVED FROM
HTTP://WWW.CCSASSOCIATION.ORG/FAQS/CCS-GENERAL/
 #7: DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE

• DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE ARE A VERY COMMON PHENOMENON, NOWADAYS.

• WHAT IS AN AFFECTIVE WAY TO SAFELY GET RID OF THE ADDICTIVE TOXINS FROM THE BODY?
• SOME “REMEDIES” HAVE SURFACED OVER THE LAST COUPLE OF YEARS, YET THESE ARE REALLY
JUST A SUBSTITUTION OF ONE DRUG FOR ANOTHER- NOT SOMETHING THAT WAS RESOLUTE
 PROBABLE SOLUTIONS

o HAVE A “SAUNA”-LIKE MACHINE THAT ALLOWS YOU TO SWEAT THE TOXINS OUT
 THIS MACHINE WOULD MIMIC THE EFFECTS OF SOMEONE TRYING TO QUIT (OR BECOME
SOBER) THROUGH AN INTENSE SWEATING OF THE TOXINS.
o FIND A “VACCINE”
 ALMOST LIKE REVERSE ENGINEERING THE CHEMICAL MAKEUP OF THESE ADDICTIVE
SUBSTANCES SO AS TO FIND, BREAK-DOWN, AND REBUTTAL THE TOXINS. NOT JUST FIND A
SUBSTITUTE DRUG
 CITATIONS (#7)

DRUG TO TREAT ALCOHOLISM COULD CURE METH ADDICTION. (2015, MAY 20). IANS. RETRIEVED
FROM HTTP://0-
GO.GALEGROUP.COM.LIB.EPCC.EDU/PS/I.DO?P=GPS&SW=W&U=TXSHRACD2503&V=
2.1&IT=R&ID=GALE%7CA414256878&ASID=B7D9466D23968310F2C91FDD1FF55DC6
 #8: ARTHRITIS REMEDY

OSTEOARTHRITIS VS INFLAMMATORY ARTHRITIS

1) CARTILAGE BREAKS DOWN, CAUSING PAIN, SWELLING AND PROBLEMS MOVING THE JOINT
2) PAINFUL INFLAMMATION AND STIFFNESS OF THE JOINTS
• MORE THAN 100 TYPES OF ARTHRITIS
• SOME TYPES OF ARTHRITIS ALSO AFFECT THE HEART, EYES, LUNGS, KIDNEYS AND SKIN.
• THIS NOT ONLY AFFECTS THE ELDERLY; IT CAN AFFECT CHILDREN, TEENS, AND ATHLETES
 PROBABLE SOLUTION

o ADVANCEMENT THAT ALLOWS THE JOINTS TO BECOME LESS STIFF AND MORE DURABLE
 CURRENT MEDICINE CONCERNING THIS ISSUE IS VERY SCARCE AND HAS TOO MANY
SECONDARY-EFFECTS
 CHEMICALLY ANALYZE THE MAKEUP OF JOINTS AND DEVELOP EITHER A MEDICINE OR
MACHINE THAT CAN STOP ITS DETERIORATION
o DEVELOP A MACHINE THAT CAN DETECT SIGNS OF ARTHRITIS EARLY ON
 WHAT HAPPENS TO MOST ARTHRITIS PATIENTS IS THAT THEY FIND OUT THEY HAVE ARTHRITIS
ONCE IT’S TOO LATE AND NOTHING CAN BE DONE ABOUT IT
 CITATIONS (#8)

WHAT IS ARTHRITIS? (N.D.). RETRIEVED FROM HTTP://WWW.ARTHRITIS.ORG/ABOUT-

ARTHRITIS/UNDERSTANDING-ARTHRITIS/WHAT-IS-ARTHRITIS.PHP
 #9: BURN VICTIM REMEDIES

• THERE HAVE ALWAYS BEEN CASES OF THOSE UNFORTUNATE ENOUGH TO FULLY EXPERIENCE
THE CONSEQUENCES OF FIRE WITH NO SOLUTION.
• WHAT IS A VIABLE OPTION FOR THESE PEOPLE?
 PROBABLE SOLUTIONS

o SKIN IMPLANTS
 ALTHOUGH SKIN IMPLANTS EXIST ALREADY, THEY STILL DO NOT SEEM “NATURAL”
 FIND MATERIALS THAT COULD BETTER FIT AND MIMIC SKIN
o REGENERATING SALVE
 CHEMICALLY ENGINEER A SALVE THAT CAN AID THE REGENERATION OF SKIN CELLS
 PRODUCE NEW TISSUE
 CITATIONS (#9)

BURN RECOVERY. (N.D.). RETRIEVED FROM HTTP://WWW.BURN-RECOVERY.ORG/TREATMENT.HTM

BURN TREATMENT SERVICES. (N.D.). RETRIEVED FROM
HTTPS://WWW.URMC.ROCHESTER.EDU/BURN-TRAUMA/BURN-CENTER/BURN-
TREATMENT.ASPX
 #10: WASTE DISPOSAL

• THERE IS NO REAL WAY IN WHICH WE DISPOSE OF HUMAN WASTE

• ALTHOUGH WE HAVE THE PRIVILEGE TO EXPERIENCE A PLUMBING SYSTEM HERE, NOT ALL
PLACES HAVE THIS
• THIS CAN LEAD TO THE CONTAMINATION OF WATER SOURCES
• WHICH CAN THEN LEAD INTO CONTAMINATION OF, OBVIOUSLY, THEIR DRINKING WATER,
FOOD, AND HYGIENICAL PURPOSES.
• WHICH WILL THEN RESULT IN DISEASE AND IN SOME FATAL CASES, DEATH.
 PROBABLE SOLUTIONS

o MAKE IT INTO ENERGY

 INVENT A WAY TO HARVEST AND USE THE CHEMICAL MAKEUP OF HUMAN WASTE AND MAKE
IT INTO ENERGY
o SHIP IT TO OUTER SPACE
 NOT KIDDING
 DESIGN AN AIRCRAFT ESPECIALLY DESIGNED TO REMOVE HUMAN WASTE AND FLY INTO
OBLIVION
 FIND A WAY TO MAKE THIS CHEAP
 CITATIONS (#10)

MCKIBBEN, B. (2009, JANUARY-FEBRUARY). HAZARDOUS MATERIAL: WARNING! THIS REVIEW

CONTAINS EXPLICIT LANGUAGE REFERRING TO HUMAN WASTE. HANDLE WITH CARE.
BOOKS & CULTURE, 15(1), 19. RETRIEVED FROM HTTP://0-
GO.GALEGROUP.COM.LIB.EPCC.EDU/PS/I.DO?P=GPS&SW=W&U=TXSHRACD2503&V=
2.1&IT=R&ID=GALE%7CA193800141&ASID=4C41E584341B58A211A7A8F1FDB39238
MY CONCERNS
 #11: NON-BREAKABLE HAIR-TIE

• MOST HAIR-TIES ARE MADE UP OF ELASTIC, RUBBER, OR STRETCHY FORMS OF COTTON

• IF TURNED TOO FAST, THEY SNAP
• IF THEY ARE LOOPED AFTER A CERTAIN NUMBER, THEY SNAP
• IMPORTANT ISSUE FOR FEMALES
- THIS MAY ALSO INCLUDE GUYS WHO THINK MAN-BUNS ARE ACCEPTABLE
 PROBABLE SOLUTIONS

o FIND A MATERIAL THAT’S MORE STRETCHABLE

o INCREASE THE AVERAGE CIRCUMFERENCE
o INCREASE THE THICKNESS OF THE HAIR-TIE
 #12: LIFTER

• AS SOMEONE WHO IS BOTH SHORT AND A BIT ON THE WEAK SIDE, I NEED HELP LIFTING
HEAVY OBJECTS ON MY OWN
• SHORT PEOPLE WOULD NOT BE THE ONLY ONES TO BENEFIT: PREGNANT WOMEN, PEOPLE
WITH BACK ISSUES, AND THE ELDERLY.
• I THINK THIS IS AN ISSUE AS THERE ISN’T ALWAYS SOMEONE AROUND WHO IS CAPABLE
ENOUGH TO HELP
 PROBABLE SOLUTIONS

o SMALL, PORTABLE ROBOT WITH WHEELS

 DESIGN SOMETHING THAT CAN BE EASILY MOVED AROUND
 CAN FIT INSIDE THE HOUSE
 EASY TO UNDERSTAND
o SMALL REMOTE-CONTROLLED AIRCRAFT
 INNOVATE A DRONE
 MAKE IT STURDIER, SO IT CAN LIFT HEAVY OBJECTS
 ADD SOMETHING THAT CAN BE USED AS A “HAND” TO HOLD ON TO ITEM
 #13: GLASSES IN THE RAIN

• ANY PERSON WHO USES GLASSES CAN RELATE

• WHEN IT RAINS, GLASSES (OBVIOUSLY) GET WET. WE’RE NOW BLIND.
• ONCE YOU GO INSIDE, IF YOU DON’T IMMEDIATELY CLEAN YOUR GLASSES- THEY GET
SPOTCHY!
 PROBABLE SOLUTIONS

o WIPERS FOR GLASSES

 BUILT INTO THE FRAME
 LIKE WINDSHIELD WIPERS BUT BETTER, BECAUSE THEY’RE FOR GLASSES 
o REMOVABLE COVER
 SOMETHING THAT YOU COULD SNAP ONTO THE TOP OF THE FRAME
 WOULD PROVIDE COVER
 #14: GLOW-IN-THE-DARK BOOKS

• A READER CAN RELATE

• READERS, READ WELL INTO THE NIGHT- BUT YOU CAN’T SEE IN THE DARK (OBVIOUSLY).
• THIS WOULD NOT ONLY HELP READERS WHEN THEY’RE TRYING TO BE SNEAKY, IT WOULD HELP
DURING ROAD TRIPS, CAMPING- THE WILDERNESS WHERE YOU DON’T HAVE LIGHT ALL THE
TIME.
 PROBABLE SOLUTIONS

o INPUT A COMPONENT INTO THE PAGES TO MAKE THEM GLOW

o MAKE THE INK GLOW
o DESIGN A SMALL, ATTACHABLE LAMP THAT CAN BE SOLAR-CHARGED THROUGHOUT THE DAY
AND USED DURING THE NIGHT
 #15: BETTER FEMININE PRODUCTS

• FEMALES MAKE UP ABOUT 50% OF THE EARTH; A REASONABLE NUMBER.

• NOT INCLUDING 3RD WORLD COUNTRIES, MAJORITY OF FEMALES UNDERGO THE ANNOYING
EXPERIENCE OF UNWRAPPING A LOUD FEMININE PRODUCT
• IT’S LIKE OPENING A BAG OF CHIPS IN THE RESTROOM; GROSS.

#2319
 PROBABLE SOLUTIONS

o SMARTER PACKAGING
 BETTER COLOR SCHEME
o MAKE IT SILENT
 CONSIDER DIFFERENT MATERIALS THAT DON’T MAKE NOISE