Eye Physiology

1. Protective Mechanism Help

Prevent Eyes from Injuries
• Our eyes is protected by palpebra. Palpebra
work as a cover for our anterior eyes from
disruption, for example when there is too
much light, Palpebra will close immediately.
• Spontaneous eye blink help spread the tears
that serves as a lubricant, cleaner, lethal
bacteria. Our tears are produced in the
lacrimal gland.
 2. Eye is something look like a ball,
that contained liquid
• The interior part of the eye consists of two fluid-
filled cavity separated by lens.
• In the anterior part of the lens there is aquos
humour. Aquos humour work as nutrients for
cornea and lens. Aquos humour is produced at a
speed 5ml/day. Aquos humour will flow to
schlemm canal. If aquos humour doesnt released
as soon as its formation, it will caused glaucoma.
• In the posterior part of the lens there is vitreous
humour that help maintain the shape of the
eyeball to be circular.
 3. The amount of incoming light is
controlled by the iris
• Not all the light that passes through the cornea
reaches photoreceptors. Why? Because there are
2 muscles in Iris.
1. Circular muscle (bright)
This muscle will contract shortened, pupils become
smaller, to reduce the amount of light entering
retina.
2. Radial muscle (dark)
This muscle will contract, pupils become larger to
increase the amount of light entering retina.
 4. Accomodation increasing power
of the lens
• Accomodation: The ability to adjust the lens
power. The power of the lens depends on the
shape, that controlled by ciliary muscle.
• When ciliary muscle relaxed, suspensory ligament
tightened, and this ligament will pull the lens
become flat and less refractive. This process
happen when we look something far from us.
• When ciliary muscle contracted, suspensory
ligament will relaxed, and this ligament will push
the lens become round. This process happen
when we look something near us.