WIRELESS

COMMUNICATION
RF BASED REMOTE CONTROL

COMPILED BY

NAVNEET SINGH
SIMRAN SINGH
MANMEET SINGH
 COMPONENTS USED

 8051 MICROCONTROLLER (PHILIPS)

 ULN2003(drive relay)
 DECODER- HT12D
 ENCODER- HT12E
 RELAY
 LED(3mm)
 VOLTAGE REGULATOR (7805 -> +5v)
 DIODES(1N4007)
 TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER MODULE
 SWITCHES
 RESISTORS(1K,10K,1M,56K,47K,330ohm )
 TRANSFORMER (12-0-12 stepdown )
 ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITORS(220uF,100uF)
 CERAMIC CAPACITOR( 33pF,1uF)
 CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR (11.0592MHz)
POWER SUPPLY
5V regulated supply:

Each of the blocks is described in more detail below:

•Transformer - steps down high voltage AC mains to low voltage AC.

•Rectifier - converts AC to DC, but the DC output is varying.
•Smoothing - smooths the DC from varying greatly to a small ripple.
• Regulator - eliminates ripple by setting DC output to a fixed voltage
SPECIFICATIONS
 P89V51RD2
MICROCONTROLLER

•P89V51RD2FN
•Operating Voltage: 5V
•4(8 BIT) I/O Ports
•3(16 BIT)Timers/Counters
•1KB RAM AND 64KB Flash Memory
•8 Interrupt Sources
•11.0592 Crystal Oscillator(Ext
 TRANSMITTER

RF Module
A RF Module is a small circuit pre built and
tested.
TX :- Antenna
Vcc (Positive Supply)
DATA (Data Input)
GND
RX :- Antenna
GND
RECEIVER
GND
Vcc (Positive Supply)
Vcc (Positive Supply)
DATA
DATA
GND
RELAYS

Relay is an electromagnetic device which

work on magnetic field. If you apply

proper
low voltage on one side the metal will get

contacted.
The switching speed (around 100ms) of
relay
limits its application in high power
circuits.
Low coil power consumption.
It is suitable for household appliances,
remote
control facilities,electronic equipments.
ULN2003 :DATASHEET
FEATURES
 TTL, DTL, PMOS, or CMOS-Compatible
Inputs
 Output Current to 500 mA
 Output Voltage to 95 V
 Transient-Protected Outputs
 Dual In-Line Plastic Package or Small-
Outline IC Package
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM
RATINGS
 Output Voltage, VCE
 (ULN200xA and ULN200xL) ........ 50 V
 (ULN202xA and ULN202xL) ........ 95 V
 Input Voltage, VIN ................................ 30 V
 Continuous Output Current,
 IC ................................................. 500 mA
 Continuous Input Current, IIN ........... 25 mA
 Power Dissipation, PD
 (one Darlington pair) ..................... 1.0 W
 Operating Temperature Range,
 TA .................................. -20°C to +85°C
REPLACEMENT
 ULN2024
 ULN2023
 ULN2004
2^12 Series of Decoders
 HT12D Features

_ Operating voltage: 2.4V~12V

_ Low power and high noise immunity CMOS technology
_ Low standby current
_ Capable of decoding 12 bits of information
_ Pair with Holtek_s 2^12 series of encoders
_ Binary address setting
_ Received codes are checked 3 times
_ Address/Data number combination
_ HT12D: 8 address bits and 4 data bits
_ HT12F: 12 address bits only
_ Built-in oscillator needs only 5% resistor
_ Valid transmission indicator
_ Easy interface with an RF or an infrared transmission medium
_ Minimal external components
 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATING
 Supply Voltage...............................-0.3V to 13V

 Storage Temperature.................-50°C to 125°C

 Input Voltage....................VSS(-0.3V) to VDD(+0.3V)

 Operating Temperature ..............-20°C to 75°C

APPLICATIONS
 Burglar alarm system
 Smoke and fire alarm system
 Garage door controllers
 Car door controllers
 Car alarm system
 Security system
 Cordless telephones
 Other remote control systems
2^12 Series of Encoders
HT12E
 FEATURES

_ Operating voltage
_ 2.4V~5V for the HT12A
_ 2.4V~12V for the HT12E
_ Low power and high noise immunity CMOS technology
_ Low standby current: 0.1 A at VDD=5V
_ HT12A with a 38kHz carrier for infrared transmission medium
_ Minimum transmission word
_ Four words for the HT12E
_ One word for the HT12A
_ Built-in oscillator needs only 5% resistor
_ Data code has positive polarity
_ Minimal external components
_ HT12A/E: 18-pin DIP/20-pin SOP package
 APPLICATIONS

_ Burglar alarm system

_ Smoke and fire alarm system
_ Garage door controllers
_ Car door controllers
_ Car alarm system
_ Security system
_ Cordless telephones
_ Other remote control systems

REPLACEMENT:-
_HT12A
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

 TRANSMITTER CIRCUIT

 RECEIVER CIRCUIT
TRANSMITTER CIRCUIT
 SOFTWARE CODE
ORG 0000H
SJMP POWERON
ORG 0003H
 RETI
 ORG 000BH
 RETI
 ORG 0013H
 RETI
 ORG 001BH
 RETI
 ORG 0023H
 RETI
 ORG 0033H
 POWERON:
 MOV P0,#00FFH
 MOV P1,#00FFH
 MOV P2,#00FFH
 MOV P3,#00FFH
 MAIN:
 MOV P0,#00FFH
 CLR P0.7
 CLR P0.6
 CLR P0.5
 CLR P0.4
 MOV A,P0
 GO3:
 CJNE A,#0E0H,GO
 SETB P1.7
 clr p1.7
 GO:
 CJNE A,#0D0H,GO1
 SETB P1.6
 clr p1.6
 GO1:
 CJNE A,#0B0H,GO2
 SETB P1.5
 clr p1.5
 GO2:
 CJNE A,#70H,GO3
 SETB P1.4
 clr p1.4
 sjmp main
 END
 PROBLEMS FACED
PROBLEMS FACED

PROBLEM 1: THE OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF 7805 VOLTAGE REGULATOR WAS LESS

THAN 5V

PROBLEM 2: INITIALLY WE WERE NOT RECEIVING DATA AS OUR RESISTANCE

OSCILLATOR OF HT12E WAS INCORRECT AND WAS OF HIGHER POWER RATING.SO
WE CHANGED IT TO 1M-OHM

PROBLEM 3:FAST SWITCHING OF THE RELAY DUE TO 12V AC INPUT

PROBLEM 4:THE CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR WAS PLACED FAR FROM THE

MICROCONTROLLER DUE TO WHICH WE WERE NOT ABLE TO DRIVE THE RELAY

PROBLEM 5:HEATING OF ULN2003 DUE TO 12V DC AT PIN 8 WHICH HAD TO BE

GROUNDED
APPLICATIONS
Automated Pump
Tank Level
Control
Monitoring
Automate your tank
Monitor your tank
level without running
level from a remote
wire between the well
location and receive
pump and the tank.
critical status updates.

Emergency
Valve Activation Notification
Open or close Receive critical status
electronic valves updates by email,
wirelessly using a phone, cell phone, or
handheld transmitter. PDA if equipment
fails

Remote Control
Conveyor Control
Relay
Control a conveyor
Use a handheld
motor remotely using
transmitter or dry
a handheld transmitter
contact inputs to
or dry contact inputs.
control a remote relay.
Problem Warehouse
Notification Lighting
Control a
Save time in large
warehouse lighting
facilities by activating an
system wirelessly
overhead notification
by using a
light when a problem
handheld
occurs, letting the
transmitter or by
supervisor
wiring