Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
• Global Perspective
• Understanding the Global Environment
• Doing Business Globally
• Managing in a Global Environment
Global Perspective
1. Ethnocentric attitude
2. Polycentric attitude
3. Geocentric attitude
Global Perspective
Ethnocentric Polycentric Geocentric
Orientation Home country Host country World
Advantages •Simpler structure •Extensive •Forces
•More tightly knowledge of foreign understanding of
controlled market global issues
•More support from •Balanced local and
host government global objectives
•Committed local
managers with high
morale
Draw backs •More ineffective • Duplication of work •Difficult to
management • Reduced efficiency achieve
•Inflexibility •managers must
•Social and political have local and
black lash global knowledge
Understanding the global environment
Managers in all sizes and types of organizations
are faced with the opportunities and challenges of
managing in a global environment, so it is important
for a manager to understand the global environment.
Regional trading
1. The Europeans Union:
A union of 25 Europeans nations created as a unified
economic and trade entity.
Understanding the global environment
For example:
• Nokia of Finland is a
dominant player in cell
phones.
Understanding the global environment
1. Multinational Corporations:
A broad team term that refers to any and all types of international companies
that maintain operations.
2. Multidomestic Corporation:
An international company that decentralized management and other decisions
to the local country.
3. Global Company:
An MNC that centralize management and other decision in the home country.
4. Transnational:
An MNC that eliminates artificial geographical barriers.
5. Born Global:
Businesses that choose to go global from inception.
Doing Business Globally
How organization go
international?
When organization go
internationally, they often
use different approaches
depending on whether they
are just starting or whether
they have been doing
business internationally for
a while.
Doing Business Globally
Minimal Investment:
• Global sourcing
Medium Investment:
• Exporting - Importing
• Licensing
• Franchising
Significant Investment:
• Strategic alliance
• Joint venture
• Foreign subsidiary
Doing Business Globally
For example:
Fast food giant KFC is like many big franchise
firms opening more new outlets overseas. Along the
way company is making appropriate changes in its
menu offerings such as substituting juices and fruits
for coke and fries.
Managing In a Global Environment
Challenges
1. The legal political environment:
Managers in a global organization must stay
informed of the specific laws in countries where
they run business.
Managing In a Global Environment
For example:
Many large businesses have postponed doing
business in China because the government controls
what organization do and how they do it. As Chinese
consumers gain more power, however, that attitude is
likely to change.
Managing In a Global Environment
2. The Economical Environment:
The global managers must be aware of economic issues
when doing business in other countries.
Basically there are two types of economic
environment…
i. Market Economy:
An economic system in which resources are primarily
owned and controlled by the private sector.
ii. Command Economy:
An economic system in which all economic decisions are
planned by a central government.
Managing In a Global Environment
3. Cultural Environment:
Every country has its own culture so it is very
necessary to get knowledge about culture of that
specific country.
• National Culture
The value and attribute shared by individuals
from a specific country that shape their behavior and
beliefs about what is important.