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FM-1, L #08
FM-1,L # 01
Fluid Mechanics-1
Prepared by
Prof: Abdul Samad
Mechanical Engineering department.
2017
2
Introduction
All real fluids are viscous in nature the fluid viscosity
produces tangential forces or shear forces in a moving
fluid. These tangential forces acts as a friction force and
tend to retard the motion of fluid particles, consequently
dissipation/degradation in the mechanical energy. Mostly
viscosity effects have to be considered when dealing with
fluid flow in pipes or conduits.
Laminar flow
Also known as
streamline flow
Occurs when the
fluid flows in
parallel layers, with
no disruption
between the layers
The opposite of
turbulent flow
(rough)
Laminar flow
Turbulent
Laminar flow over a flat Flow
and horizontal surface can
be pictured as consisting of
parallel and thin layers
Spermatozoa 1×10−4
Blood flow in brain 1×102
Blood flow in aorta 1×103
Reynolds's Experiment
In 1883, Osborne Reynolds
demonstrated that there are two
distinctly different types of flow by
injecting a very thin stream of colored
fluid having the same density of water
into a large transparent tube through
which water is flowing. And from the
feature of streaming this dye fluid ,
Reynolds give a number can be
Re= f (V , ρ , υ (or μ ) , D )
then , Re= VDρ/μ
or Re = VD/υ ;
where, Re = Reynolds number
V = velocity of fluid (m/s)
D = diameter (m)
μ (mu) = dynamic viscosity of fluid (N.s/m2 )
ν (nu) = kinematic viscosity of fluid (m2 /s)
ρ (rho) = density (kg/m3 )
Reynolds Number
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