ELEMENTS IN THE

PERODIC TABLE
Module 2 Lesson 2
OBJECTIVES
1. To be familiar with the layout of the
periodic table;
2. To know some information about the
elements that may be found in the
periodic table; and
3. To identify the group number an
element it belongs to.
REVIEW
What are the types of
SUBSTANCE?

How can you differ element from

compound?
MOTIVATION
• ATOM is the building blocks of matter.
ACTIVITY
Give the chemical name of the following ELEMENTS.
 Dmitri Mendeleev (1869)
In 1869 Mendeleev and Lothar Meyer (Germany) published
nearly identical classification schemes for elements
known to date. The periodic table is base on the
similarity of properties and reactivities exhibited by
certain elements. Later, Henri Moseley ( England,1887-
1915) established that each elements has a unique
atomic number, which is how the current periodic table is
organized.

http://www.chem.msu.su/eng/misc/mendeleev/welcome.html
PERIODIC TABLE of ELEMENTS

• Before scientists understood how atoms were

put together they were able to identify
elements by their chemical properties.
• It contains all of the elements that we know
of
• If they have similar properties they will be in
the same group
PERIODIC TABLE of ELEMENTS

How many elements are there?

• There are 118 elements. Each element has
different set of properties.
• No two elements have the same set of properties.
• Amazingly, scientists were able to logically arrange
the elements in the table enabling one to have an
idea of the properties of several elements by
knowing other elements related to them.
 PERIODIC TABLE of ELEMENTS
Organization of the Periodic Table
• is organized in order of increasing atomic number.
• The lightest element (hydrogen) is at the upper left.
• The heaviest (#118) is on the lower right.
• Each element corresponds to one box in the periodic
table identified with the element symbol.
 PERIODIC TABLE of ELEMENTS
Organization of the Periodic Table
• The periodic table is further divided into periods and groups.
• Each horizontal row is called a period.
• Across any period, the properties of the elements gradually change.
• Each vertical column is called a group.
• Groups of elements have similar properties.
• The main group elements are Groups I, II IIIA, IVA, VA, VIA, VIIA,
VIIIA (the tall columns of the periodic table)
• Elements in Groups IB to VIIIB are called the transition elements.
PERIODIC TABLE of ELEMENTS
• Organization of the Periodic Table
• The inner transition elements, called lanthanides
and actinides, are usually put below to fit on a
page.
Reading the Periodic Table: Classification
APPLICATION
1. Every element has a name. In each box of the
table, you will find only one name. One box
corresponds to one element.
2. For the next questions, please refer to the
periodic table of the elements found at the back
page of this module.
3. Write your answers for each question in Table 1.
 APPLICATION
Table 1. Name and symbol of some elements and the group number it
belongs to. (Classification: Metals, Non-metals, Mettaloids, Noble Gases)
NAME SYMBOL GROUP NUMBER CLASSIFICATION

Add row if necessary

QUESTIONS
1. What are the symbols for elements with long names
such as beryllium, phosphorus, germanium, and
darmstatdtium?
2. What are the symbols for boron, nitrogen, fluorine
and vanadium?
3. What are the symbols for lithium, chlorine, argon,
calcium and manganese?
4. What are the symbols for iron, silver, mercury,
and lead?
QUESTIONS
5. What are the symbols for silicon, magnesium
and gold?
6. What is the symbol for aluminum, tin, copper and
carbon?
7. What is the symbol for potassium?
8. What is the element’s name and symbol that comes
before titanium? How about that comes after
barium?
ANSWER #2
For the two-letter symbols, most of them start with the
first letter of the element. Notice that the second letter
in the symbol may be any letter found in the element’s
name. Notice as well that only the first letter is
capitalized for the two-letter symbols.

boron, nitrogen, fluorine and vanadium (1 Letter)

B N F V
ANSWER # 3
There are symbols that use letters that were
taken from the ancient name of the element.
Examples of ancient names are
ferrum (iron),
argentum (silver),
hydrargyrum (mercury)
plumbum (lead).
ANSWER # 5
In the earlier grade levels, you already
encountered elements.

You studied rocks and learned that some are

composed of silicon and magnesium.
Some even have gold.
ANSWER # 6
When you were recycling materials, you
segregated the objects according to what these
are made of.

Some of them are made from

aluminum, copper, tin or carbon.
ANSWER # 7
POTASSIUM

In nutrition,
you were advised to eat enough bananas
because it is a good source of potassium.
REMEMBER
In each box, you will find a number on top
of each symbol. This is the atomic number.
In the higher grade levels, you will learn
what this number represents.

For now, use it as a guide on how the

elements are sequenced.
REMEMBER
• Elements that are in the same column have
similar properties. For this, each column is
called a family and has a family name.
• However, at this point, you will refer first to
each family with their corresponding group
number.
• Notice that the columns are numbered 1 to 18
from left to right.
GENERALIZATION
What are the classifications of Elements?
What would be our guide to interpret the
Periodic Table of Elements?
Why do you think symbols are used in the
Periodic Table?
EVALUATION
Identify the name and group number of the given
symbol.
1. K
2. Cr
3. Kr
4. Ar
5. Pb
ASSIGNMENT
What elements cam we found from the
foods we eat?
If possible bring food wraps that indicates
the contents of the food items.