The 3th Post Graduate Conference of Mechanical Engineering

(Mech-PGCON-2017)

Engine Mount Analysis

Presented by: Mr Ganesh Milind Todkar

Guided By: Dr. T. A. Jadhav
College Name: Sinhgad College of
Engineering,Vadgav,Pune.
College Code: 023
 Contents

• Introduction
• Literature survey
• Problem statement
• Objective
• Methodology
• Experimental/Numerical/Case study
• Result Analysis
• Conclusions and Future Work
• References

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 Introduction

• The quality of NVH on vehicle heavily depends on

the key on/off vibrations.
• Key on/off vibration gives the first and last
impression of the vehicle as the driver starts and stops
the engine.
• Key on/key off are the first and last events that the
driver encounteres during driving cycle
• Both activities play vital role in establishing a good or
bad image of vehicle in customers mind.

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 Literature Survey

• Jianghua Fu, Jian Pang and Xiaomin Xu carried out

study on transient vibration of a vehicle with 3
cylinder engine. In their study, excitation
characteristics of the three cylinder engine was
studied and CAE model to study startup shake was
found which was correlated with test data.
• They studied the important factors which affects
startup vibration and provided key control method.
These control methods were then applied to an case
and successful results were obtained.
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• Kopal agrawal, Sandeep hazara carried out study on
analysis of engine mount stiffness and stopper gap
tuning for better NVH performance. In their study,
simulation model with four cylinder engine was build
and the corresponding change in vibration with
change in mount stiffness and stopper gap was
studied.
• The study included modelling of transient vibration.
In this modelling, the simplified model of 16 degree
of freedom was modelled in adams view software
which included powertrain, body, suspension and
wheels.

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• Aditya Sukma Nugraha presented the study on the
selection of time step in runge kutta fourth order
method to determine deviation in weapon arm
vehicle. The study represents numerical method to
solve transient analysis in vibration problem.
• In this study, a half car lumped mass dynamic model
of of combat vehicle was derived. Runge kutta fourth
order method was used to carry out numerical
simulation.

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• For carry out numerical simulation using runge kutta
method, stepping time used was derivative of
maximum frequency when the vehicle is not damped.
The results of simulation showed that for time step
over 0.01 seconds produced unstable results, while
use of time step of 0.001 gave more stable results.
This study underlined the importance of the time step
used in carrying out simulation

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 Problem statement

• To develop numerical methodology to determine key

on/key off vibration of automotive .

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 Objective

• To create a program using Runge kutta method to determine response of

multidegree of freedom system in time domain
• Verification of program developed by comparing the solution of mutidegree
of freedom system problem in standard book.
• Application of program developed to six degree of freedom model of
powertrain mounting system to carry out numerical simulation to determine
response of system in time domain.
• Verification of nature of response of powertrain z displacement predicted
by program developed by comparing with inhouse software “K-NEXT”.
• Development of program for Analysis of sixteen dof model in time domain.
• To create numerical methodology to determine the key on/key off vibration
of automotive.

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 Methodology

• Analysis of six degree of freedom mathematical

model of powertrain mounting system
• Analysis of sixteen degree of freedom mathematical
model of vehicle.
• Study on excitation at key on condition of
automotive.
• Study on Runge Kutta Fourth order method

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• Development of program by using Runge Kutta
Fourth order method to determine response of
multidegree of freedom system in time domain
• Verification of program by comparing solution of
solved problem in standard book.
• Analysis of six degree of freedom model with
excitation of unit sinusoidal force in time domain by
program developed.

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• Optimization of time step used in analysis of six
degree of freedom model by Runge Kutta method by
inhouse software in automotive industry.
• Comparison of nature of powertrain z displacment
determined by inhouse software and program
developed.
• Analysis of sixteen degree of model in time domain
by inhouse software and program developed with unit
sinusoidal force

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• Analysis of sixteen degree of freedom model with
combustion torque as excitation by inhouse software
and program developed.
• Correlation of developed method with the results in
standard paper

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 Numerical/Case study
ANALYSIS OF 6 DOF MODEL
• In almost all studies engine is modelled as six degree
of freedom rigid body free to oscillate and translate
about three independent cartesign axes .
• It is reasonable to model the engine as a rigid body
because its natural frequency is much higher than the
mounting system.
• The engine is free to oscillate on its mounts
depending on the direction of excitations
• ;
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• The reason to exclude the vibration of foundation are
• i)The displacement on the body side of the engine
mount is small compared to the engine side so that
the engine and mounting system can be treated
outside the context of a full vehicle
• ii) It is difficult due to its complexity to fully
optimize the mount system in the context of a full
vehicle

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 6 Dof Model of Powertrain

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 Natural Frequency In Hz

• 9.9462
• 8.3322
• 6.1895
• 5.0308
• 5.6473
• 4.1143

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 Table of kef and Nf

9.9462 8.3322 6.1895 5.0308 5.6473 4.1143 Engine

modes
0.0012 1.2977 30.1237 68.4354 0.1420 0.0000
f/a
1.9566 0.0559 0.0448 0.0133 0.0515 97.8779
lateral
0.0744 0.0058 0.1686 0.0376 99.6805 0.0332
vertical
92.8177 3.7928 1.0897 0.1098 0.0860 2.1040
Roll
0.0645 2.2397 65.6957 31.9809 0.0316 0.0125
Pitch
5.0856 92.6081 2.8776 -0.5771 0.0084 -0.0026
yaw
 Analysis of 16 Dof Model

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 Modes Natural frequency and % kef
Frequency %Kef
Engine f/a 6.8 64.8
Engine lateral 6.19 46.1
Engine vertical 8.39 54.5
Engine roll 10.43 50.3
Engine pitch 5.71 59.8
Engine yaw 13.00 35.1
chassis f/a 1.47 45.8
chassis lateral 1.57 46
chassis vertical 1.24 23.2
chassis roll 1.44 71.6
chassis pitch 1.93 51.6
chassis yaw 2.04 63.2
wheel FL vertical 13.85 55

wheel RL vertical 13.73 53

wheel RR vertical 13.73 53

wheel FR vertical 13.85 55

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 Excitation At key on Condition

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 Response of two Degree of Freedom
System In Time Domain By RK Fourth
Order Method.
 Analysis of 6 Dof Model
• In this analysis 1 newton sinusoidal force is
applied to roll degree of freedom of six degree of
freedom mathematical model. At key on condition
roll component of excitation force is important.
• Here damping matrix is formed by assuming 0.1
as proportionality constant written as [c]=0.1*[k].
• Excitation frequency used is 27 Hz. So time taken
to complete one cycle is 0.038 sec. Time step used
for carry out this analysis according to formula is
0.00105 sec.
 Time step selection
• Time step for response to be observed = one cycle
time / no. of intervals
• Cycle angle = 360 deg. Each angular interval at
which the response is needed = 10 deg
• So no. of intervals = 360 / 10 = 36
• Time step =one cycle time/no. of intervals
=0.038/36=0.00105 sec.

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 Result Analysis
• Nature of response of powertrain z
displacment with 0.00105 sec time step

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 Nature of response of powertrain z
displacment with 0.00075 sec time step

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Nature of response of powertrain z displacment
with 0.0105 sec time step
Nature of response of powertrain z displacment with 0.00075 sec
time step by inhouse software
 Analysis of 16 Dof Model

• For this analysis we will need a combsution torque.

• Combustion torque = combustion pressure x area of
piston x cos ( angle of con.rod) x crank radius
• Program is written which can determine response of all
16 dof model in time domain.
• From this we can get driver seat rail vibration in time
domain at key on condition.
• Driver seat z displacement=chassis z
displacement+chassis displacment in pitch
mode*A+chassis displacment in roll mode*B

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 Case Study For 16 Dof Model

• Program is written which can carry out numerical

simulation as specified in std. paper
• This correlation is checked by chassis z displacement
nature.
• Driver seat rail z displacement depends upon chassis
z displacment.

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 Conclusion

• Numerical methodology using runge kutta fourth

order method is formed which can determine Key on/
key off vibrations of automotive.
• The method can determine response of any multi
degree of freedom system in time domain if coupled
mass matirx, coupled stiffness matrix and coupled
damping matrix is available.

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 References
• Jung-Hawn Bang,He-Wook Yoon and Kwang-Min Won, “Experiment and
Simulation to Improve Key ON/OFF Vehicle Vibration”, Quality,Sae technical
paper series, 2007, 1 – 3
• Aditya sukma Nugrahaa, “The selection of time step in Runge kutta fourth order for
determine deviation in the weapon arm vehicle”, Energy Procedia, 2015, 363 – 369
• Kopal Agarwal,Sandip hazara,”Virtual Analysis of Engine Mount Stiffness and Stopper Gap
Tuning for Better NVH Performance” Sae technical paper 2017-26-0196, 1-4

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 Thank You

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