Maternal mortality in SE Asia

INTRODUCTION TO NON
COMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN
PREGNANCY
Maisuri T. Chalid
When women survive, their families, communities and
nations thrive.
Every 2 minutes a woman dies from complications of
pregnancy and childbirth,
more than 1,000 women die from cardiovascular
disease every hour.
the world has too much to lose when we allow women
to die from almost entirely preventable causes.
 NCDs in women
• A staggering 35 million people die every year from
these silent killers, of which 18 million are women.
• NCDs represent the biggest threat to women’s health
worldwide,
• Increasingly impacting on women in developing
countries in their most productive years.
• In terms of healthcare and lost productivity, the costs
of NCDs to families and societies are high and
escalating.
• For these reasons, NCDs have been identified as a
global risk, and one of the most important threats to
businesses and economies.
Indonesia facing triple burden
NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN PREGNANCY 2009-2011
Wahidin Hospital, Makassar
2009 2010 2011
Hypertensive disorders in 96 67 97
pregnancy
HELLP Syndrome 4 4 8
Cardiac Diseases 13 17 14
Asma bronchiale 1 2 2
Malignancy - - 5
Diabetes Mellitus 1 3 3
Thyroid dysfunction 2 3 6
Stroke dan Neurologic 1 1 1
disorders
Indonesia full of contrasts
• About 50% or more than 100
millions of the people are still
suffering from various forms
of nutritional deficiencies,
• 15% of adult population are
overweight and start
increasing incidence of
chronic non-communicable
diseases.
The obesity rate is rising and increased prevalence of risk factors will change the
burden of disease
Adult Obesity in Indonesia (%)

Richest 23.2

Quintile 4 19.9

Quintile 3 17.8

Quintile 2 16.8

Poorest 15

Rural 15.7

Urban 23.6

Females 29

Male 7.7

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Source: Riskesdas Survey 2007. 11

 Several Factors drive the increase of
NCD in women
• Rapid demographic & social changes
• Stems from infectious diseases, undernutrition &
trauma.
• A combination of changes in behaviour &
consumption patterns
• Rapid urbanization, changes in work
opportunities, and social disintegration
• Weakness of Health care services to address the
current impact of burden diseases.