IT Careers & Networking

9/20/16

Paul Patti, Ph.D.

paul.patti@emc.com

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Support Contact: Education Services 1
Today’s Session
Introductions

• IT Careers & Computer Networking • introductions

• What do you want to do
• Educational Paths
Session 1
• Communication Skills
• Computer Networking

• Backup and Recovery • Hexadecimal Numbering

• Computer Connectivity
• The OSI Model
Session 2 • Wireshark Download
• Packet Capture - Backup

© Copyright 2016 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Introduction and Class Agenda 2
Introductions
• Please tell us:
– Who are you?
– Where are you?
– Where you may be going next:
• Community College?
• 4-year college?
• Internship?
• Military?
• Peace Corps?
– Once hired, many employers will pay for
part of your school
– Get the best deal you can!

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What do you want to do?
• Success is sometimes defined by those around us
– But what does it mean to you?
• Do what you love, and love what you do!
– When you do, it’s not work!
• What do you do in your “free” time?
– How might you integrate that as part of your work?
– Or not!

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IT Median Salaries

Source http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Industry=Information_Technology_(IT)_Services/
Salary#by_Years_Experience
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What’s in Demand?
• Today?
• Tomorrow?
• Some things don’t change
– Honesty, Integrity
– Communication skills
– What you learn
• It’s a round world!

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Computerworld Survey

Source: http://www.computerworld.com/article/3046465/it-salary-watch/it-salary-survey-
2016-highlights.html
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Computerworld Survey (cont’d)

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Computerworld Survey (cont’d)

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Computerworld Survey (cont’d)

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Academic vs. Technical
• Academic
– Degrees
– Tests
• Technical Training
– Experience
– Industry certifications
• What’s important for a position depends on who you’re talking
with
– Some want degrees, some want experience, many want both
– Bachelor’s degree is still the bar for entry (sorry!)
• The more familiar school and tests become for you, the better!
• What will you do with all that money?

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Academia
• Theory
• The further you go, the more choices you’ll have:
– Associate’s (2 years)
– Bachelor’s (+2 more years)
– Master’s (+2 more years)
– Doctorate (+4 to +5 more years)
• Bachelor’s absolute requirement for most managerial positions
• Tends to survive popularity of technical specialties
– May make for a longer career
– Easier to switch jobs
– Easier to sleep at night!
• But not at first – may have to pay your dues on 3rd shift.
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Technical Training
• Practice (hands-on)
• Many employers want experience and certifications
• The higher you go, the more choices you’ll have:
– Microsoft
– Cisco
– Dell/EMC
– Security
– Others
• Subject to the whims of technical supply and demand
– Peak compensation may be substantial
– But once a specialty goes, it’s gone (Cisco AVVID)
– Higher technical specialties may require relocation
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Educational Paths
• With time, most things are possible.
– Because you have
• Time – what you do with it is all up to you.
• Intelligence – you wouldn’t be here if you didn’t!
– Don’t let academic people scare you with:
• Prerequisites
• Entrance exams
• Acceptance decisions (especially here in New England)
– These can be overcome!
• The name of your school may not matter – didn’t for me
• There are almost always equivalent alternatives, or maybe even better
ones!
– If you start at a community college, you can end up with a doctorate
– Beats even an Ivy League bachelor’s degree for most purposes

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Part 2 – Computer Networking
• What is it?
• Why does it matter?
• Knowledge you can use!

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Connectivity
• Computers communicate by sending messages to each other
called “packets”
• Each packet contains a set of 1s and 0s (bits) that mean
something:
– E-mail text
– Instant message
– Bitmap picture
– Movie frames
– Database entry
– Etc.
• Next class we will look at Wireshark, an app that shows us
these packets.
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Networks Connect Us
• Networks carrying voice, video, and data packets =
convergence
• Maybe you won’t specialize in networking, but you will use
networks in almost every part of IT
• Excellent investment of your time

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 The OSI Model
LoL, Joe 
10001001 00101001 01010010 1100010 1011010101 0101011 …
Data Link Network Transport Session Presentation Application

• A packet include several OSI-layer headers.

• The number of headers depends on which computer is
sending the message, and for what purpose.
• A protocol analyzer can read the packet and decode each
group of bits
• We will use the Wireshark application to see this today!

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 Packet Build & Receive
7 Application Each higher layer
strips off unneeded
6 Presentation bits, leaving data
for the application.
5 Session

4 Transport

3 Network

2 Data Link
Each lower layer
adds bits to build
the packet. 1 Physical

Send the packet …

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 Network Exchange Web
Server
E-Mail
Web Communication E-Mail
Server
Browser

Web Web File File

B S D R
r http://www.emc.com/owa e o e
o r w q
w v n u
s e l e
e r d s
r t
1027
HTTP
Data “packet” exchanged 80 20
FTP
HTTP
21
FTP
192.68.161.3 between computers 192.68.161.2
NIC NIC
02608c121404 02608c121403
Physical [1010101001101100000000000000001001100000…10101010110001101010100101010011000101010101]
(1) http://www.emc.com/owa
02608c121403 02608c121404 192.68.161.3 192.68.161.2 1027 0080

Data Link / Network / Transport / Session, Presentation,

Ethernet (2) IP (3) Port (4) Application (5, 6, & 7)
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Network (3) and Port (4)
It’s a lot like mailing a letter:
• IP Address is the street number
– Gets you to the right computer
• Port is the apartment number
– Gets you to the right application
• Each apartment (application) handles
data differently
– Just like a pizza
IP Address
192.168.2.1
Port
0080
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 Port Numbers

Session F T S D T S
Presentation R
& Application T E M N F N I
Layers P L T S T M
(5, 6, & 7)
P
N P P P
E
Transport Layer
T
Ports (4) 21 23 25 53 69 161 520
TCP UDP

IP Address (3) 192.168.1.1

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Part 3 – Network Tools Demo
• Ping
• Traceroute
• NS Lookup

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Hands-on Exercises
• Windows vs. Linux / Unix
– Operating systems
• Epoch Time
– Number of seconds since Jan 1st, 1970 midnight GMT
– How Linux and Unix computers keep track of time
• Amaze your friends, be the life of the party!
– http://www.epochconverter.com

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Conclusion
• See you for part 2
• Thank you for attending!

paul.patti@emc.com
(508) 309-0988
www.linkedin.com
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