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This document discusses the calibration of pressure and temperature instruments. It defines calibration as configuring an instrument to provide accurate measurements. It also defines pressure and temperature. The document describes common types of pressure instruments like transmitters, gauges, and temperature instruments like thermometers, thermocouples, and thermistors. It provides steps for calibrating pressure gauges, which involve adjusting the pointer at zero pressure, full scale pressure, and half scale pressure. Steps are also given for calibrating thermometers using ice water and boiling water reference points.
This document discusses the calibration of pressure and temperature instruments. It defines calibration as configuring an instrument to provide accurate measurements. It also defines pressure and temperature. The document describes common types of pressure instruments like transmitters, gauges, and temperature instruments like thermometers, thermocouples, and thermistors. It provides steps for calibrating pressure gauges, which involve adjusting the pointer at zero pressure, full scale pressure, and half scale pressure. Steps are also given for calibrating thermometers using ice water and boiling water reference points.
This document discusses the calibration of pressure and temperature instruments. It defines calibration as configuring an instrument to provide accurate measurements. It also defines pressure and temperature. The document describes common types of pressure instruments like transmitters, gauges, and temperature instruments like thermometers, thermocouples, and thermistors. It provides steps for calibrating pressure gauges, which involve adjusting the pointer at zero pressure, full scale pressure, and half scale pressure. Steps are also given for calibrating thermometers using ice water and boiling water reference points.
Instruments Objectives Definition of Calibration, Pressure and Temperature Different Types and Uses of Pressure and Temperature Instruments Calibration of Pressure and Temperature Instruments Definition of Calibration, Pressure and Temperature
Calibration - is the process of
configuring an instrument to provide a result for a sample within an acceptable range. Definition of Calibration, Pressure and Temperature Pressure (P) - is the amount of force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area. The SI unit of pressure is Pascal (Pa) and for the English system we use pound-force per square inch (psi) Definition of Calibration, Pressure and Temperature
Temperature - is a measure of the average
kinetic energy of the particles in a system. Temperature is the degree of "hotness" ( or "coldness") - a measure of the heat intensity. Different Types and Uses of Pressure and Temperature Instruments Pressure Transmitter - is a transducer that converts pressure into an analog electrical signal. Different Types and Uses of Pressure and Temperature Instruments Pressure Gauges 1. Hydrostatic Gauges - compare pressure to the hydrostatic force per unit area at the base of a column of fluid. Example: Manometer Different Types and Uses of Pressure and Temperature Instruments Pressure Gauges 2. Aneroid - gauges are based on a metallic pressure-sensing element that flexes elastically under the effect of a pressure difference across the element.
Example: Bordon Gauge
Different Types and Uses of Pressure and Temperature Instruments Thermometer - is a device that measures temperature or a temperature gradient. Example: Bimetallic Thermometer Different Types and Uses of Pressure and Temperature Instruments Thermocouples - is an electrical device consisting of two dissimilar electrical conductors forming electrical junctions at differing temperatures. Different Types and Uses of Pressure and Temperature Instruments Thermistors - is a type of resistor whose resistance is dependent on temperature, more so than in standard resistors. Calibration of Pressure and Temperature Instruments
Calibration of Pressure Gauge
STEP 1: Before applying any pressure to the gauge, set the pointer to read zero on the scale.
STEP 2: Apply the full range pressure to the
gauge. Adjust the linkage so that the pointer is at the maximum reading on the scale.
STEP 3: Reduce the pressure to zero and check
that the pointer reads zero on the scale. Adjust the pointer if necessary. Calibration of Pressure and Temperature Instruments
STEP 4: Repeats steps (2) and (3) until both
reading are correct. STEP 5: If the pressure gauge has a linearizing adjustment, set the applied pressure to 50% of the maximum scale reading. Adjusting the linearizing adjustments so that the pointer reads at 50% of the maximum scale reading. STEP 6: Check the pressure gauge reads correctly at 0, 50% and maximum scale reading. You may need to adjust the gauge many times before the gauge is correct. You must be patient and careful. Calibration of Pressure and Temperature Instruments
STEP 7: When step (6) is completed, write down
the reading on the gauge for the applied pressure readings on a calibration sheet.
STEP 8: (Optional). Draw a graph of the gauge
readings and the applied pressure (increased and decreasing). This is important if you are doing a bench calibration and intend to generate a calibration certificate after the calibration exercise. In a plant environment, a simple calibration is just enough. Calibration of Pressure and Temperature Instruments
Calibration of Thermometer Method 1: Ice Water
STEP 1: Fill a glass with ice cubes, then top off with cold water.
STEP 2: Stir the water and let sit for 3 minutes.
STEP 4: Stir again, then insert your thermometer into
the glass, making sure not to touch the sides.
STEP 5: The temperature should read 32°F (0°C).
Record the difference and offset your thermometer as appropriate. Calibration of Pressure and Temperature Instruments
Calibration of Thermometer Method 2: Boiling Water
STEP 1: Boil a pot of distilled water.
STEP 2: Once the water has reached a rolling
boil, insert your thermometer, making sure not to touch the sides or bottom of the pot
STEP 3: The temperature should read 212°F
(100°C). Record the difference and offset your thermometer as appropriate. Thank You