ROOF AND ROOF COVERINGS

INTRODUCTION
• Roof is the upper most portion of the building
which protects the building from rain, wind and
sun.
REQUIREMENTS:
a. Structurally sound and strong
b. Water proof with good drainage
c. Protect from sun, rain and adverse weather conditions
d. Adequate thermal and sound insulation
e. Fire resistant
 Types of Roofs
• Pitched or sloping roof:
Suitable for areas of heavy rain and snowfall
• Flat Roofs or Terraced Roofs
Rainfall is moderate- slight slope (not more
than 10°) is given
• Curved Roofs
For auditoriums, theatres- Shells and Domes
preferred when large column free area is required
SHELLS OR
DOMES
 TERMS USED
• Span:
Distance b/w the supports
• Rise: Vertical distance b/w top of ridge to wall plate
• Pitch:
slope of the roof (rise/ span)
• Ridge :
Apex line of sloping roof
• Eaves:
Lower end of inclined roof
• Hip:
ridge formed by intersection of two sloping surface.
Ext angle >180
• Valley : reverse of Hip
• Principle rafter : member running
from ridge to eaves
• Purlins : Members running horizontal
to support roofing material
• Truss: framework, usually of well conditioned
triangles, designed to support roof coverings
or ceilings over rooms
STEEL ROOF TRUSSES
 Fabricated from rolled steel
structural members
 Channels, angles, T and plate
sections
Mostly angles used - can resist
both tension and compression

Advantages:

 Economical, Easy to fabricate

Fire proof, Rigid
Permanent, Suitable for speedy
construction
Connections in a roof truss
 ROOF COVERINGS

CORRUGATED COMMONLY USED:

I. ASBESTOS- CEMENT SHEETS

II. ALUMINIUM SHEETS
SEMI CORRUGATED III.GALVANIZED IRON SHEETS
IV.FIBRE SHEETS
V. TILES
PLAIN
I. ASBESTOS- CEMENT SHEETS
Cement & asbestos
Purlin spacing: 1 to 1.5 m
Advantages:
Cheap, tough, durable, water tight,
fire resistant, light weight, do not
rust
Disadvantages :
Low thermal conductivity, not
attractive
II. ALUMINIUM SHEETS
Aluminium + Mg (strength)
Lightest roof covering
Advantage: Reflects heat,
corrosion free
Application: Warehouses
Industrial bldg
Automobile sheds
III. GALVANIZED IRON SHEETS
Iron sheets- galvanized with zinc
Advantages: durable, light, fire
proof
Disadvantages: Condensation
problem in the inner side, transmit
heat and cold easily
Application: Factories, workshop
sheds, cost effective bldg
IV. FIBRE SHEETS
• Advantages: light
weight, rust proof, can
be cut easily

• Eg: PVC sheets

Poly carbonic sheets
V. TILES
• Oldest roof covering
• Allahabad tile,
Mangalore tile etc.
• Manufactured with clay
• Advantages: non
conductors of heat and
cold, prevents extreme
changes in temperature
within bldg
Thank you