PRESENTATION BY: 1.

ABHISHEK KUMAR GUPTA (15BEE0035)

2. ABU HAMZA FAROOQUI (15BEE0003)
3. TEHREEM SHAHID (15BEE0083)
UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF: PROF. ZAINUL ABDIN JAFFERY
 Introduction
Automation is defined as the technology by which a process is
performed without human assistance.

A simple app can be used to control electrical appliances just with

clicks or voice commands.
It includes automatic or semi-automatic control and monitoring
of household appliances.

It gives access to control devices in our home from a mobile

device anywhere in the world.
 Overview
The Automation system involves the design and construction of an
individual home control using microcontroller(Arduino UNO) .
Home Automation systems use smartphones to communicate with
micro-controllers using various wireless commutation techniques
such as Bluetooth, GSM, WIFI etc.
Types of Home Automation System

Operates on the home’s existing wires.

This system may need noise filters and

it’s not as advanced as others.

Convenient for existing homes as there

is no requirement for adding wiring.

Utilizes radio frequency technology to

operate.
These can operate over high-grade communication
cables.
Most Reliable and Expensive system.

Can perform more tasks at a time.

Operates on the Internet to control the Home

appliances.

Can be controlled from any part of the world.

Security System
It provides security with cameras for controlling and
monitoring activities around the home.
The GSM module communicates with the microcontroller in a
serial manner.
The accessing process of security camera is depicted below in
the figure:
Hardware Required
Arduino UNO
PIR Motion detection sensor

SIM 900A (or any other) GSM Module with SIM inserted
Component Description
It detects motion by sensing the changes.

SIM 900A is the GSM module with built in RS232 interface.

With the help of onboard connections for microphones and
headphones, we can make or receive calls.

It is the main controller used.

It detects the signals from PIR sensors and sends command
to GSM module.
Circuit Design
PIR Motion detection sensor
module has a digital output
pin.

The GSM module communicates

with microcontroller having Rx
and Tx pins.
While uploading the program to
Arduino, the GSM module must
be disconnected.
Working
PIR Sensor detects motion by sensing the difference in infrared
or radiant heat levels.
For proper operation of PIR sensor, it requires a warm up time
of 20s to 60s.

If the sensor is not giving enough calibrating time, the output
of the PIR sensor may not be reliable.

The output of PIR sensor will be high when it detects motion.

This is detected by Arduino.
 Home Automation through Android App

The automation circuit is built around an Arduino

Uno, Bluetooth and Relay Module.

Arduino Uno is powered with a DC

Adaptor.

Bluetooth and Relay Module are powered

using a board supply of Arduino Uno.
Here the commands are sent via Bluetooth to Arduino.

It is used as serial mode communication and UART

interface.
It communicates with Bluetooth enabled devices
like mobile, tablet and laptop.

Allows to turn ON or turn OFF the circuit.

It provides complete isolation.
Get activated using low DC Voltage from
Arduino.
It is based on ATmega328 microcontroller.

Easy to use since it simply connects to a

computer using USB cable.

Programmed in Arduino programming

language using Arduino IDE.
Temperature and Humidity Sensors
DHT11/DHT22 sensors are used for measuring
temperature and humidity.

Temperature measuring range of DHT22 is

from -40ºC to 125ºC.

DHT22 sensor has better humidity measuring

range from 0 to 100%.

Operating voltage of this sensor is from 3V to

5V while maximum current used is 2.5mA.
Circuit Schematic
DHT22 sensors have 4 pins,
named as VCC , Data Pin, Non
Connected Pin, GND.

A Pull up register from 5kΩ to

10kΩ is required to keep the
data line high.
Working Principle
DHT22 humidity sensing component has two electrodes with
moisture holding substrate between them.

This change in substrate is measured and processed by the IC.

A NTC temperature sensor (Thermistor) is a variable resistor that

change its resistance with change of the temperature.
These sensors are made by sintering of semi-conductive materials
such as ceramic or polymers.
Circuit Description
Home Automation through Voice Command

Here different appliances

are controlled by voice
command.

 The phone voice recognition

feature will convert the voice
command to text.
GSM based Home Automation
In this Automation it allows user to control home
based appliances through SMS.

Here user need not switch home appliances ON

and OFF manually.

It can be used by domestic and company user to

operate as well as check status of home and
company appliances from anywhere.

It is a very convenient system for user.

GSM Module only understands AT command and
responds accordingly.

Various AT commands like ATA, ATD, AT+CMGR,

AT+CMGS.
The SIM 900 is a complete Quad-band GSM/GPRS
Module which delivers GSM/GPRS performance
for voice, SMS and data.
Working
GSM wireless communication is used for controlling home
appliances.
Commands are send to Arduino via phone.

After receiving given command by Arduino through GSM,

Arduino send signal to relay to switch ON or switch OFF.

The prefix used in command string is “#A.” and ‘*’ at the

end of string indicates that message has been ended.
Block Diagram
 Advantages of Home Automation
• Security
• Energy Efficiency
• Savings
• Convenience
• Comfort
• Peace of Mind
 Conclusion
It is evident that an individual control Home Automation system can be
cheaply made from low-cost locally available components.

It can be used to control home appliances ranging from the security lamps,
the television to the air conditioning system and even the entire house
lighting system.
The concept of serial communication has been applied towards
development of the smart based GSM based home automation .

This system is very flexible and reliable.

 References
1. Paul Jasmin Rani & Jason BakthaKumar, “Voice Controlled Home Automation system
using Natural Language Processing” International Science Press, Volume 9, Number
40 (2016).
2. Subramaniam Thayaparan, “Power line Communication for Home Automation in Low
Income Households” 3rd International Conference on PGSRET, Malaysia (2017).
3. Gopinath & Mary Gladence.L, “Home and Office Automation System” International
Conference on Communication and Signal Processing(ICCSP), Chennai, India (2017).
4. Kainat Fareed Memon & Javed Ahmed Mahar, “GSM based Android Application:
Appliances Automation and Security Control using Arduino” International Journal of
Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 8, No. 2, P 413(2017).
5. Byte Craft, “First Steps with Embedded Systems”. Byte Craft Limited, Canada (2002).