2013

Construction Training

Comprehension of Construction
Ⅰ. Plant Concept and Characteristic

1-1 What is the meaning of plant 요점정리

Input Image Output Image 플랜트 토목/건축

공사란 ?

(Manpower + Material + Money ) Processing ( Target Product ) 정유 화학등 플랜트

공장을 건설하는 데
필요한 기계, 배관,
전기, 계장등의 기초
공사 및 원할한 운용을
Equipment 위해 필요한 부대
시설을 건설하는
Facilities 공사를 말한다.
1-2 Major Characteristics

- Grand Scale of Investment 주요Point

플랜트공사중
- Plant Life Cycle 토목/건축공정이
왜 중요한가?
철골,기계,배관,
- Various Process technology and long period Construction 전기,계장등의 공정
에 선행되어, 현장
여건에 따른 공기의
변동폭이 커서 전체
공기에 가장 많은
영향을 준다.

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1-3 Plant Construction Work Flow

Client Business Plan Fixed Business Plan Placing of Business Operation

Placing of Turn-Key Management
basic design order project

Consultant Review Project Management

economic validity Consultant

Engineering Basic design

Draw ITB Up

EPC Construction Company E : Detail design

P : Material procurement
C : Plant Construction
1- 4 Cost Ratio

- Ratio of Business Engineering : 5~10%

Procurement : 50~60%
Construction : 20~30%

- Ratio of Construction Civil & Building 20~25%

Piping 30~35%
Mech. Erection 5%
Elec.& Instrument 7%
2. EPC Contractor Execution procedure

1. Project Execution Procedure

1) Receipt ITB

2) Review

3) Proposal team Organization

4) Estimation

5) Bidding

6) Award

7) Project Team Organization

8) Engineering & Procurement

9) Construction

10) Pre-Commissioning

11) Provisional Acceptance Certificate

12) Project Job Close

13) Final Acceptance Certificate

-5 -
 2. Project Definition

1) FEED / Product

Crude : Crude oil from Oil well

Natural Gas : Natural Gas from Gas well or Oil well
Condensate : Lighter HC, Refinery Plant FEED,

LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) : Mainly methane & Ethane

NGL (Natural Gas Liquids) :
Fuel Gas : Fuel as a Gas
LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas)
Gasoline
Naphtha: Fuel for Chemical Product
Kerosene: Jet Fuel
Diesel:
Residue: Final Product from OIL

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 2) PROCESS

GTL (Gas to Liquid)

CTL (Coal to Liquid)
ADU (Atmospheric Distillation Unit)
VDU (Vacuum Distillation Unit)
HDS (Hydro De Sulfurization)
NHT (Naphtha Hydro Treating
FCC (Fluidized Catalytic Cracking)
DHT (Diesel Hydro Treating)
HCU (Hydro Cracking Unit)

RFCC (Residue Fluidized Catalytic Cracking)

Reforming :
CCR (Continuous Catalytic Regeneration) :
ARDS (Atmospheric Residue De Sulfurization)
SRU (Sulfur Recovery Unit) :
ARU (Amine Recovery Unit) :
SWS (Sour Water Treatment System)
NCC (Naphtha Cracking Center)

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 3) PROJECT

ITB : Invitation to Bidder

BEDP : Basic Engineering Design Package
FEED : Front End Engineering Design
TBE : Technical Bid Evaluation
CBE : Commercial Bid Evaluation
PO: Purchase Order
BM,BOM : Bill of Material
LSTK : Lump Sum Turn Key
CLSTK : Converted Lump Sum Turn Key
VE: Value Engineering
HSE: Healthy, Safety, Environment
HVAC : Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning
BL : Battery Limit
MC : Mechanical Completion
AFD : Approval for Design
AFC : Approval for Construction
As Built : Final drawing as Actual construction
HAZOP : Hazardous and Operability
SIL : Safety Integrity Level

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 4) DOCUMENTS

P&ID : Piping and Instrument Diagram

PFD : Process Flow Diagram)
MSD : Material Selection Diagram
ENDO : Engineering Drawing
GA DWG : General Arrangement Drawing

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 5) CODE

PSM : Process Safety Management

SMS : Safety Management System)

API : American Petroleum Institute

ASME : American society of Mechanical Engineering
ASTM : American Society of Testing Materials
ANSI : American National Standards Institute)
IEC : International Electro-technical Commission)
NFPA : National Fire Protection Association
DIN : Deutsche Industrie Normen
JIS : Japan Industry Standard
KS : Korean Standard

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 ESTIMATION

○
社內限
총○부
-11 -
 Plant Cost Structure

Total Investment Direct Cost Equipment & Material Equipment Cost

Cost Cost
• Tank, Vessel, Reactor
• Heat Exchanger, Tower
• Pump, Blower, Fan, Agitator
• Compressor
• Filter, Separator etc.

Material Cost
• Piping Material
Construction Cost • Elect. & Inst. Material
• Steel Structure, etc.
• Material Cost
• Labor Cost Mechanical Work
• Expenses
• Overhead/Profit Piping Work

Electrical Work
Indirect Cost Engineering Fee
• License Fee Instrument Work
• Basic Design Fee CAS Work
• Detail Engineering Fee
• Project Management Fee HVAC/Fire Protection
• Consulting Fee, etc. Work
Insulation/Painting Work
General
• Administrative Overhead • Escalation
• Construction Interest • Financing Cost
• Startup Cost • Tax and Duties
• Working Capital • Contingency
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 ENGINEERING

○
社內限
총○부
-13 -
1. CAS (Civil. Architecture. Steel structure )

1) Scope of CAS Engineering

 CAS Engineering shall provide Structure Plan, Structure Analysis, & Schedule for Civil, 요점정리

Architecture, HVAC & Steel Structure of Plant

플랜트 분야에서
토건설계는 견적부터
상세설계,시공현장
지원 업무 등 Project
 CAS Engineering shall prepare Specification, Permit, Detail Engineering & Fielding
전 분야에 걸쳐 수행에
참여한다.
 Engineer support if necessary for Civil , Architecture , HVAC & Steel Structure works.

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2) CAS Engineering Procedure.
PROJECT SPECIFICATION
(ENGINEERING & CONSTRUCTIION) DESIGN CRITERIA

STANDARD DESIGN MANUAL

SCHEMATIC DESIGN
PLOT PLAN &
ELEVATION

BASIC DRAWINGS APPROVED

EQUIPMENT SETING ELEV.

& ORIENTATION & MECH.
LOAD COMBINATION LOADCALCULATION
-DEAD LOAD
-LIVE LOAD
-WIND LOAD
-EARTHQUAKE LOAD

-GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
STRUCTU -THERMAL LOAD
-PIPE LOAD
-WEIGHT OF EQUIPMENT
* EMPTY
RAL -ANCHOR FORCE
-CABLE DUCT LOAD
-OTHERS
* OPERATING
* TEST ANALYSIS
* ERECTION DRAWINGS
* OTHERS & DESIGN
MATERIAL TAKE-OFF

CHECKED
BY QC
DRAWING ISSUE

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2. Piping

요점정리

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1) Piping Basic Design

1.1 Process Flow Diagram (PFD)

요점정리
1) Process Engineer shall provide Process Flow Diagram for equipments.

2) Process Flow Diagram to be included

- Shape of Fluid & Flow
- Control & basic data for equipments

1.2 Heat & Material Balance Diagram

1) Diagram for Material receiving & Issue

2) Diagram for Heat in & out

1.3 Piping & Instrument Flow Diagram (P&ID)

1) P& ID shall include

- Line size , Line no, Fluid, material , Insulation
- Instrument Item & Control System
- Special note for Process
1.4 Utility Flow Diagram (UFD)

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2.1 Definition of Pipe Line
요점정리
1) connection Between Equipments

2.2 Line Schedule (Line Index & List)

Line schedule shall include..

- Serial No. & service Fluid

- Size & Piping Material class
- Operation & Deign pressure & temperature
- Fluid medium & Phase
- Insulation & tracing Type
- Pressure Test Type & Pressure
- NDE & PWHT
- Painting & Chemical Cleaning

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3.1 Definition of Plot Plan
요점정리
1) Drawing for all Instrument & Piping of Process
package.

2) Plot plan shall be provide by plant layout

3) Plot plan is Key Point of Plant

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 Construction

○
社內限
총○부
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1. General

Plant construction are include Civil/ Building , Mechanical/Steel structure, Piping, Electrical/Instruement.
Insulation/Painting.

요점정리

1. Civil/Building 플랜트 공사중에서

토목/건축공사의
Civil Works are comprised of Foundation work, Drainage work, Road, Paving, & Fence 성공요건은 ?

Building works are comprised of Substation, Control Building, Administration Building, Warehouse
기계, 배관, 전기,
Shelter. Maintenance Shop , etc 계장공사등과 연계
되어 있어 타공정
담당자와 협의하여
공사를 수행한다.

Pipe Rack RC Pipe Rack Control & Switchgear Room

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2. Mechanical / Steel Structure

Mechanical works are comprised of Erection of Equipments , Tanks & Pump . Etc
요점정리

Steel Structure works means erection of steel Structure for Pipe, Equipments 플랜트 곡사 진행
순서는?

일반적으로 토목/건
축의 기초/빌딩공사
→ 철골/기계설치
→ 배관설치
→ 전기/계장공사
→ 보온/도장공사
→ 시운전 이나,
현장여건에 맞게
Furnace Erection Steel Structure Erection
Steel Structure Erection 일부공종은 동시
수행되거나, 순서가
3. Piping 바뀌어 수행되기도
한다.
Piping works comprised under ground & above ground.
Piping works are same as blood vessel in the human body

Pipe installation PUMP Pipe installation

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4. Electrical/Instrument
Electrical & instruments works are same as Nervous system in the Human body

Duct Bank Cable tray Control Panel

5. Insulation/Painting
Insulation work for Consist of temporary & painting work for Rustproof.

Tower & Vessel shell Pipe Painting

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Ⅰ. Civil Works

Plant civil include

1. Survey

2. Piling

3. Foundation
Spread Footing Type ( General)
Table Top Type ( Special Type such as Compressor Foundation)
Ring Wall Type (Tank Foundation)

4. Basin (storage facilities for water)

5. Trench work (Cable or Pipe laying)

6. Drainage System
Surface Drainage system :Storm Water Sewer
Oily Sewer system
Chemical Sewer system
Sanitary Sewer system

7. Paving & Fence

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1. Survey work

- Client shall provide Bench marks

- Bench marks shall provide Min. 2 (Two) place. 요점정리
- Bench mark will be used for lay-out of site.

수준측량이란 ?
2. Piling work
표고(높이)차를 측정
(H 높이)
- Piling work to be provided where the unsatisfied soil area.
좌표측량이란 ?
- Piling work will be done for all kind of Foundation
평면위치를 측정
- Materials of pile can be used Steel & concrete (X,Y좌표)

Tremie Pipe

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3. Foundation work

Foundation work is Key activities for Civil.

Foundation works are comprised of Table Top Foundation & Spread Footing Foundation.
요점정리

1) Excavation work
터파기시 유의점은 ?
Excavation work to be done before foundation work.
1. 터파기 경사면의
The Area , Depth ,size of Excavation to be decided by the size of Foundation. 각도를 준수하여야
한다.
. 2. 작업공간을 확보
하여야 한다.
(기초작업 좌우공간)
(U/G배관: 하부공간)

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2) Blind concrete
Blind concrete calls ‘’ lean concrete’’ “ blind concrete” or “leveling concrete” and strength is
normally 135 Kg/cm2.
Blind concrete is not a Structural concrete but make a leveling to the bottom of Foundation. 요점정리

Normal Thk. of blind concrete is 50-100 m/m.

콘크리트 공사시 유의
점은 ?

공사특성상 양생이
3) Footing work 절대적으로 필요하며
그 기간동안 후속공정
을 진행할 수 없으므로
Footing concrete will be located on the blind concrete.
공정계획수립시 양생
Footing size will be designed by load. 기간을 공정에 반영
The strength of footing is generally 210kg/m2 - 하여야 한다.

280 kg/m2

4) Pedestal work

Pedestal will be located on the Footing concrete.

Pedestal will be directly contact to Equipments & Steel Structure

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5) Curing & Removal of form work
Form to removed after concrete curing.

After form is removed , Concrete surface shall be Moisture Curing using Burlap or vinyl covering
with water spray.

6) Backfilling work

Backfilling to be started after concrete curing.

Bituminous paint or Membrane protection Board to be applied to the surface of concrete before
backfilling.

Only approved soil can be used for backfilling work.

The density of compacted soil to be 95 % - 100 % then original soil condition.

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4. Water basin

Plant has Two type of water basin, one is for flush water the other one is for waste water.
5. Trench 주요Point

콤프레셔 구조물인
The purpose of trench is for pipe & cable where pipe & cable are laying through Shelter는 공정상
underground. 많은 공기가 필요
착수전 충분한 검토

6. Drainage system

Pipe for drainage shall be used Hume Pipe, Carbon Steel Pipe, HDPE Pipe
PVC Pipe, FRP Pipe.

Drainage system should keep slope & waterproof .

7. Paving work

plant paving has concrete paving , gravel paving and

asphalt paving
gravel paving to be installed where no access area.
concrete & asphalt paving to be installed
where vehicle access.

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Paving work

Sub base Grading Instrument FDN

Pipe Support Preparation Con’c Pouring

Con’c Finishing ELE Red con’c Contraction Joint

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2. Architecture

2.1 Plant Building divided for Process & Non Process area.
Concrete work for Building is similar to the Civil works
요점정리
2.2 Type of building
건축 구조물의 종류?
(1)Process Building
Substation
- Control Building Control Building
Administration
- Substation Building Operator Shelter
Car Parking Shelter
- Process Building
- Shelters
- Laboratory Building
- Pump/Blower House
- Turbine Building

(2) Non Process Building

- Administration Building
- Workshop Building
- Warehouse
- Gate house.

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- Vehicle Shed
2.3 Function of Building

(1) Process Building

- Control Building : Control Plant operation.
Instruement equipments are installed (DCS Panel)
- Substation Building : Power Supply to the plant
Electrical panel ( Switchgear ,MCC)
- Process Building : same as control building
- Laboratory Building : for lab. test
- Pump/Blower House
- Turbine Building : Emergency generator

(2) Non Process Building

- Administration Building : office work
- Workshop Building ; maintenance
- Warehouse : Keep product materials
- shelter

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3. Steel Structure works

Steel structure activities are divided as a shop fabrication & site erection.
1. Steel structure Work Procedure
요점정리

Shop Fabrication Delivery Site Erection

철골공사는 제작,
설치 등 두가지 주
Basic DWG. Anchor Bolt 요 절차가 있으며,
제작은 공장제작
에서 보다 높은 효
Shop DWG. Padding 율과 정밀한 가공
이 가능하여 주로
사용한다. 철골설
치 공사는 매우 위
Full Size DWG Column Erection 험한 작업이므로
사전에 수립한 설
치계획서에 따라
Marking Girder Erection 안전하게 수행해야
한다.

Cutting Beam Erection

Hole Making Alignment

Welding Bolting

Painting Grouting

Issue Painting

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2. Steel Structure Photos

Erection of Pipe rack

Erection of Steel str.

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 Concrete
foundation

Pipe rack

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 Erection of steel str.

Concrete + Steel
Str. Combined

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 Steel str. factory
Manufacturing of
steel str.

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4. Mechanical Works

1. Scope of mechanical works

installation of Compressor, Pump, Mixer ,Rotating Machiner
Vessel (Column, Drum)
Tank, Heat Exchanger & Stationary equipment

2. Major Activities

1) STATIONARY EQUIPMENT
① REACTOR
② COLUMN
③ DRUM/VESSEL
④ HEAT EXCHANGER

2) ROTATING EQUIPMENT
① AIR COOLER
② PUMP
③ COMPRESSOR

3) SPECIAL EQUIPMENT
① FURNACE
② FLARE STACK
③ PACKAGED ITEMS

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3. Purpose of machine

● Reactor
Pressure vessel for chemical
reaction.
● Column
Pressure vessel for segregation

● Heat Exchanger
Main purpose is for Heat exchange.
The type of H/E is Shell & tub ,
double pipe, Plate type ,etc
● Filter
Pressure for strains of foreign
substance.
● Storage Tank
storage for product

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5. Piping works

1. Definition of piping works

Pipe, fitting, valve & support connected to the Equipments & Building
요점정리

2. Scope of Piping Work

배관공사에 대
A. U/G piping work 한
개요 및
중점관리 사항
을
B. A/G piping work 알아본다.

- Shop fabrication
- Field erection

C. Pressure test

D. PWHT/NDE

E. Flushing

F. Reinstatement

G. Leak test

H. Final job report

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3. Piping works

A. U/G Piping
a . Piping work installed to the underground such as COOLING WATER, FIRE WATER,
SEA WATER, DRAIN LINE 요점정리

b. Type of pipe : COATED PIPE(PE, PP), CEMENT LINIED PIPE, GRE(GRP)

c. Procedure
Drawing review->Review material->EXCAVATION->LEVEL check->SAND BEDDING-
>LAYING->WELDING->NDE->TEST
->PAINTING->WRAPPING->SAND FILLING->BACKFILL

B. A/G Piping
- Piping Work installed to the above ground.
a. Shop fabrication
- Procedure
Drawing review – Review material/issue – painting--- Shop welding – Tagging –
NDE/PWHT – Locating.

b. Field Erection
- Procedure
Drawing Review – Delivery Spool – Fit-up – Fielding Welding – Support install –
NDE/PWHT
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C. PRESSURE TEST : Test with Pressure such as water, Air

D. PWHT/NDE : Post Weld Heat treatment / Nondestructive Examination 요점정리

Test with X-ray

E. FLUSHING

After piping work, Inside of Piping shall be cleaned using Power Brush, Water, Oil, Air or Steam.

Flushing Blowing

Medium Water , Oil Pressure air , Steam

Application Water Line, Lube Oil Line All line Except Lube Oil, F/F, CW Line
F/F Line

Advantage Low Cost Save the test Time

Safe.

Demerit Only for low Temp. line dangerous

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F. REINSTATEMENT

1. Re- Installation to be done after Cleaning of pipe line as per P& ID

요점정리

2. Procedure
1) Remove Temporary line / Blind
2) Install Counter valve
3) Install Orifice
4) Install Chemical Injection Nozzle
5) Install Pump suction discharge line – Alignment
6) Replace Temporary Strainer
7) Install PSV

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H. FINAL JOB REPORT

Site Engineer shall prepare Final Job Report to use for Next Project.

요점정리
Final Job Report shall include…

Final Job Report

1. Site organization 대한 개요
및 작성 방법에
2. Q’TY Summary 대한사항을 알아
3. Manpower Histogram 본다.

3-1. Staff Mobilization Plan vs. Actual

3-2. Direct M/P Mobilization Plan vs. Actual (Total)
3-3. Direct M/P Mobilization Plan vs. Actual
4. Construction Work Plan vs. Actual(OVERALL)
4-1. Construction Work Plan vs. Actual
5. Pressure Test Completion Status
6. Construction Equipment Mob. Plan vs. Actual(OVERALL)
6-1. Construction Equipment Mob. Plan vs. Actual
7. Field QA/QC Status
7-1. NCR / SOR / CAR
7-2. Radiographic Test Result
8. Field Instruction Issue Status
9. Error Report & Best Practice
9-1. Error Report
9-2. Best Practice

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6. Insulation works

Insulation installation photo – (Pipe)

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 Insulation Photo – (Elbow)

-46 -
D

Drain Pot Insulation

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7. Electrical Works

1. Scope of electrical works

1) Electrical Equipment Installation Works

2) Cabling, Tray and Conduit Works

3) Emergency Power Works

4) Lighting and Heating Works

5) Grounding and Lightning Work

6) Fire Protection /Alarm System

7) Telecommunication System

8) Cathodic Protection Works

1. Electric Equipments

1) Transformer : A transformer is a piece of electrical equipment which changes a voltage to a

higher or lower voltage.
 any of several devices used for opening and closing electric circuits, esp those that
2) Switchgear : pass high currents
3) MCC : Controller for Motor
2. Cabling/Wiring

1) Bus Duct : Electrical Duct

2) Duct Bank : Cable way installed to the underground Between Building to Building
3) Cable Tray : cable way made by Steel or Non-Farmable materials
4) Cable Duct : cable way made by Steel or Non-Farmable materials (Closing Bottom &
TOP)
5) Cable Pulling : Cable laying work
3. Emergency Power

1) UPS : uninterrupted power supply

UPS : Uninterruptible Power Supply

2) Battery & Charger : Batteries are provide the power for electrical items
3).Emergency Generator : Power supply When Main power not available
4. Lighting / Heating

1) Lighting : Plant Lighting System

2) Electric Heat Tracing : 전기 발생 열을 이용 배관이나 탱크내의 유체고유 의 특성(점성, 빙점등)을
유지 하기 위해 외부 방출 열을 최대한 억제 시키는 시설
5. Tele-Communication

1) Tele-Communication : Telecom, Public address system

6. Fire Alarm

1) Fire Alarm : A fire alarm is a device that makes a noise, for example with a bell, to warn people
when there is a fire
7. Grounding/Lightening

1) Grounding : 전기회로를 동선 따위의 도체로 땅과 연결하여 이상전류 발생시 신속히

소멸시켜 감전사고를 방지하는 시설
8. Cathodic Protection

1) Cathodic Protection : a technique for protecting metal structures, such as steel

ships and pipelines, from electrolytic corrosion by making the structure the cathode in
a cell, either by applying an electromotive force directly or by putting it into contact
with a more electropositive metal See also sacrificial anode
8. Instrument

Process Measurement and

Control
 Outline
• Instrumentation:
on- in line meters
• Process control
review
• Types of valves
• Components of
valves
 Instrumentation
Most commonly measured
process conditions:
temperature, level, pressure,
flow rate, pH.
Other variables include
composition, moisture, specific
gravity, viscosity, dissolved
oxygen.
 Measuring Means
Transmitters
Strain gauge
Pressure Piezo-electric
Pneumatic
Capacitance
3-15 PSI
Bourdon Tube
Electrical
Level
Turbine Meter
Pressure Transmitter Current
PD Meter
4 – 20 mA
Weight (load cell)
Level Transmitter 0 – 20 mA
Flow Ultrasonic
10 – 50 mA
Differential Pressure
Differential Pressure
Cell Voltage
0–5V
Flow Transmitter
pH 1–5V
Head meters 0 – 10 V
(orifice, venturi) Temperature
Humidity Transmitter
Coriolis, velocity, Digital
Density Mass, ON/OFF
Field Bus
Speed ModBus
ProfiBus
Thermocouples HART
Temperature RTDs / Thermistors
Filled Systems
Bi-metallic
 Typical Instrument Cable Way

Concrete Cable Trench Direct Buried Cable Cable Duct Bank

Trench

Ladder Cable Tray Perforated Cable Tray Conduit

. DCS

1) Overall-1

Where DCS is used

Petro-Chemical Oil & Gas Pharmaceutical MMM

Pulp & Paper Water Power Plant Marine

Treatment
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 2) Overall-2

DCS Manufacturer & System (Controller)

• ABB – Tenore (AC800F)

• Emerson – Delta V (MD)
• Honeywell – Experion PKS (C200)
• Invensys – Foxboro I/A (Intelligent Automation)
• Siemens – Simatic PCS 7 (AS417)
• Yokogawa – Centum CS 3000 (FCS)

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9. Pre-Commissioning 1. 개 요

1. overall

Mission of pre commissioning is normal plant PROJECT Procedure

operation for Client.
요점정리
Major step for Pre Commissioning is PROJECT Commissioning
Start Planning for Pre-Com
- Planning
시운전업무는
플랜트를 정상적으로
- Pre commissioning 으로 가동하기 위해
 organization 운전의 관점에서
- Commissioning Engineering 취하는 일련의 과정
 Review documents 이다
- Start-Up & Performance Test Run
 Prepare Commission
plan
Procurement

주요Point

Construction PRECOMMISSIONING
시운전단계 중
Precommissioning
과 Commissioning
단계는 M.C를
전후로 하여 구분
된다.
 COMMISSIONING
Commissioning
 START-UP
 PERFORMANCE TEST

-73 -
2. Overall Completion Logic

-74 -
3. Pre-Commissioning 3. Precommissioning

1). Steam Blowing Photo

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=plO7d1uQSxw&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=prOksl7oVOk&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7NxG84silYE&feature=related

-75 -
2) Chemical Cleaning

요점정리

Preservation이란,
Catalyst 등 충진물
이 Loading 된 이후,
외부로부터 산소나
습기로부터 부식이
일어나지 않도록
보존하는 것

-76 -
3) Pig Cleaning
주요Point

Pig Cleaning은
Water Flushing,
Air Blowing을
적용해야 하나
여건이 어려울 때
적용하는 기법이다.

1. Install Pig Launcher 2. Install Pig Receiver 3. Start-up Pig cleaning

4. Pig reached at receiver 5. Drag's busting 6. Reached Pig at Receiver

-77 -
4. REINSTATEMENT

1. Re Installation to be done after Cleaning as per P& ID

요점정리

2. Procedure
1) Remove Temporary line / Blind
2) Install Counter valve
3) Install Orifice
4) Install Chemical Injection Nozzle
5) Install Pump suction discharge line – Alignment
6) replace Temporary Strainer
7) Install PSV

- 78 -
5. Installation of packing
주요Point

Installation of packing materials during Pre commissioning shall be installed carefully.

Catalyst 충진을
Major items for Packing materials is 포함해서 충진물
설치작업은
필요에 따라서
Commissioning
• Catalyst Activity로 구분하여
• Descant 시행하기도 한다.

• Charcoal
• Send / Gravel
• Packing Material
• Filter Internal

-79 -
 Catalyst packing photo

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wm6oY08_R9Q&feature=related
-80 -
10. Examination

1. Please describe the Meaning of EPC ?

2. What is the Concrete strength for Footing concrete ?

3. Please describe the type of building in the Plant construction ?

4. A ( ) is a piece of electrical equipment which changes a voltage to a higher or lower voltage.

What kind of Electrical for ( )?

5. ( ) : Pressure vessel for chemical reaction

what is the name of equipment for ( ) ?
11. Answer

1. E = Engineering P= Procurement C=Construction

2. 210 kg/cm2 – 280kg/cm2

3. (1) Process Building (2) Non Process Building

- Control Building - Administration Building
- Substation Building - Workshop Building
- Process Building - Warehouse
- Shelters - Gate house.
- Laboratory Building - Vehicle Shed
- Pump/Blower House
- Turbine Building
4. Transformer
5. Reactor