COMPOUNDING

COMPOUNDING OF PLASTICS

• The process of mechanical mixing of

various additives with plastics without any
chemical reaction
FILLERS / EXTENDERS

• Organic /inorganic compound

incorporated

• Reduce the cost of the fabricated plastic

article per unit weight
• Improve hardness,tensile
stregnth,opacity..
FILLERS
• PARTICULAR • FIBROUS
• Mainly to reduce the • Enhance the tensile
cost strength
• Increases hardness • Also called reinforcing
but not tensile
strength fillers
• Eg. Asbestose • Eg.C black to natural
increases heat rubber increases T.S.
resistance by 40%
BINDERS
• Hold the constituents of the plastic together
• Give the desired properties like plasticity
&electrical insulating properties
• Eg.thermoplastic resins & thermosetting resins
PLASTICIZERS

• To improve plasticity & flexibility

• To reduce the cracking on the surface
• To reduce the temp.& pressure for
moulding
• Are less volatile liquids
• Eg. Dibutyl phthalate,tributyl phosphate..
Plasticizer should be :

• Miscible with polymer

• Inert
• A high molecular weight, high boiling and
non-volatile substance
Disadvantage
Reduce T.S. & chemical resistance
 STABILISER

• Compounds added to prevent the

degradation by air, UV rays & heat
• Eg. Phenyl salicylate to polythene, PVC…
CATALYSTS/ COLOURANTS
ACCELERATORS To give a colour to the plastic
To accelerate the Eg. Organic dyestuffs
condensation of
thermosetting to get LUBRICANTS
cross-linked pdt.
To make the moulding easier
Eg.benzoyl peroxide
To impart finish to pdt
Eg. Oils, waxes, soapes…
ANTIOXIDANT

• To prevent the oxidative degradation

• Eg. PBNA (phenyl-beta-naphthylamine)
 MOULDING

• Moulding is the process of manufacturing

by shaping pliable raw material using a
rigid frame or model called a pattern.
Types of Moulding
– Blow moulding
– Injection moulding
– Extrusion moulding
– Compression moulding
– Transfer moulding
Blow Moulding
Process illustration
• 1. The plastic is fed in granular form into a 'hopper' that
stores it.
• 2. A large thread is turned by a motor which feeds the
granules through a heated section.
• 3. In this heated section the granules melt and become
a liquid and the liquid is fed into a mould.
• 4. Air is forced into the mould which forces the plastic to
the sides, giving the shape of the bottle.
• 5. The mould is then cooled and is removed
Blow moulded products
2. Injection Moulding
Materials such as
polystyrene, nylon,
polypropylene and polythene
can be used in a process
called injection moulding
The Process
Injection Moulding
INJECTION MOULDED
COMPONENTS
EXTRUSION Moulding
Extrusion Moulding
EXTRUSION Moulding die
TUBE EXTRUDED COMPONENTS
Compression Moulding
Transfer Moulding
TRANSFER MOULDED
COMPONENTS