Atividades do livro

didático
Unidades 1 : ( page 28,ex.6 e 7) / (page 29,ex.8,9 e 10) / (page 30,ex 11 e 12).
Unidade 5 : ( pages 89 a 98).
Unidade 6 : ( pages 109 a 112).
Unidade 8 : ( pages 143 1 145)
 Página 28 USED TO

• ”We used to dress moderately, now girls wear sleeveless shirts

and short skirts."

• 6. Choose the correct statement about the fragment above :

• a.. It refers to an old cultural habit that is now finished.
• b. It refers to an old cultural habit that is still very popular nowadays.
 Página 28 USED TO

7.Choose the two sentences below that are similar in meaning to ”We
used to dress moderately.”
a. We didn’t dress moderately.
b. We don’t dress moderately anymore.
c. We were accustomed to dressing modetately.

8. Choose three equivalent terms for ”now”.

a. These days.
b. In a moment.
c. Nowadays.
d. Today.
 Página 29 CULTURAL DIFFUSION

Read the following online forum posts and do exercises 9 and 10.

• What do you like about American culture?

By lin 02-10-2010, 08:38 AM

Before coming to the US, I knew there were many cool things around
me related to American culture. To my surprise, what really called my
attention when I got here was the fact that they greet everybody and
look at people in the eyes when talking to them. I didn’t use to greet
strangers at first because it was unusual in China. Now I always
greet people with a big smile on my face.
 Página 29 CULTURAL DIFFUSION

Re: What do you like about American culture?

I always greet people and it is something I’ve learned with

Americans. What I really like about the US is their fabulous musicals!
I remember going to the theater every month when I lived in NYC.
My favorites: The Lion King and Wicked.
 Página 29

• 9. Answer the questions below in your notebook.

• a. Yes, they do.
• b. No, she didn’t.
• c. Yes, she does.
• d. She used to go to the theater every month ( when she lived in
NYC).
 Página 29

10.Now replace each icon with the appropriate piece of information to

complete the following statements about used to.
a. We use used to + main verb (base form) to describe.....
Past habits that are now finished. They are actions that do not happen
anymore.
b. In...
negative sentences, we use didn’t use to + main verb (base form)
c. In…
Interrogative sentences, we use did+subject+ used to + main verb (base
form).
Página 30
Cartoon

”He used to bring me my newspaper, but now that I

look at car ads online, he brings me my computer.”
Página 90 Climate change – Unit 5

• What is happening in the picture beside ? What

phenomenon does it ilustrate?
• 1. What do you know about climate change and
global warming?
•R= Climate change is a significant change in
average weather conditions. It’s caused by
processes of the natural world ( oceanic circulation,
volcanic eruptions) and by human-induced
alterations (pollution,deforestation). Global
warming refers to the recent rise in the global
average temperature.
 Página 90
2. Replace each icon with na expression from the box below to complete the following text.
Use the glossary, if necessary.
greenhouse gases . significant change. period of time. Global average temperature. one aspect

• Global warming refers to the recent rise in .... near the Earth’s surface. It’s caused
mostly by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Global warming
is causing climate patterns to change. However, global warming itself represents only….of
climate change.
• Climate change refers to any ….in the measures of climate lasting for an extended…
• __________________________________________________________________________
• Global warming refers to the recent rise in global average temperature near the
Earth’s surface. It’s caused mostly by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere. Global warming is causing climate patterns to change. However, global warming
itself represents only one aspect of climate change.
• Climate change refers to any significant change in the measures of climate lasting for
an extended period of time.
 Página 90
3. Match the words below to their definitions.
a) weather b) heat c) drought d) storm

• I. A long period when there is no rain and people do not have enough water.
• drought
• II. The temperature or conditions outside (e.g. if it is hot,cold,sunny,raining
etc.).
• weather
• III. An extreme weather condition with strong winds and heavy rain or snow.
• storm
• IV. The quality of being hot.
• heat
 snow

wildfires

plants

oceans

extinction

migration
Página 91
Environment – Study Finds More of Earth Is Hotter and
Says Global Warming Is at Work

By JUSTIN GILLIS

Published: August 6, 2012

A Texas State Park police officer walked across the lake bed of O.C. Fisher Lake in
San Angelo, Texas. A new scientific paper says that the drought and other recent
extreme weather events have been caused by global warming.
Credit - Tony Gutierrez / Associated Press
 PÁGINA 91 Environment – Study Finds More of Earth Is Hotter and
Says Global Warming Is at Work
The percentage of the earth’s land surface covered by extreme heat in the
summer has soared in recent decades, from less than 1 percent in the years
before 1980 to as much as 13 percent in recent years, according to a new
scientific paper.
The change is so drastic, the paper says, that scientists can claim with near
certainty that events like the Texas heat wave last year, the Russian heat wave of
2010 and the European heat wave of 2003 would not have happened without the
planetary warming caused by the human release of greenhouse gases.
Those claims, which go beyond the established scientific consensus about
the role of climate change in causing weather extremes, were advanced by
James E. Hansen, a prominent NASA climate scientist, and two co-authors in a
scientific paper published online on Monday in the Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences.
 PÁGINA 91 Meio ambiente– Estudo descobre que uma parte mais
extensa da terra está mais quente e diz que o
aquecimento global continua em atividade.

A porcentagem da superfície terrestre coberta pelo calor extremo no verão

subiu nas últimas décadas, de menos de 1% nos anos anteriores a 1980 para 13% nos
últimos anos, de acordo com um novo artigo científico.
A mudança é tão drástica, diz o artigo , que os cientistas podem afirmar com
certeza que eventos como a onda de calor do Texas no ano passado, a onda de calor
russa de 2010 e a onda de calor européia de 2003 não teriam acontecido sem o
aquecimento planetário causado pela ação humana com o aumento do efeito estufa.
Essas alegações, que vão além do consenso científico estabelecido sobre o papel
da mudança climática em causar mudanças climáticas extremas foram apresentadas
por James E. Hansen, proeminente cientista climático da NASA, e dois co-autores em
um artigo científico publicado on-line na segunda-feira nos Processos da Academia
Nacional de Ciências.
 PÁGINA 91

• 1. The text is an extract from

• a) a news article.
• 2. What is the main idea of the text ?
• b) The Earth’s average temperature has
increased dramatically over the last decades.
• 3. Who is James E. Hansen ?
• a) A NASA climate scientist.
• 4. / 5 ( discutir oralmente com a turma)
 PÁGINA 92 Signs of
Climate Change
To the Editor:

Re “Study Finds More of Earth Is Hotter and Says Global

Warming Is at Work” (news article, Aug. 7 ):
The new paper by James E. Hansen, a NASA climate scientist,
and two colleagues addresses a crucial difficulty many people have
in differentiating weather and climate.
During hot spells, for example, more people accept that climate
is changing, but a colder spell reverses those opinions.
Everybody understands weather: it’s hot, cold, raining, snowing,
windy and so on. Fewer people understand that a region’s climate is
the frequency of such weather events: how often does it rain or get
hotter than, say, 90 degrees?
 Re: Estudo descobre que a maior parte da Terra está mais
aquecida e diz que o aquecimento global continua ”(artigo de
notícia de 7 de agosto):
O novo artigo de James E. Hansen, um cientista do clima da
NASA, e dois colegas abordam uma dificuldade crucial que
muitas pessoas têm em diferenciar tempo e clima.
Durante períodos de calor, por exemplo, mais pessoas
aceitam que o clima está mudando, mas uma temporada mais
fria contraria tais opiniões. Todo mundo entende o clima: é
quente, frio, chuvoso, com neve, com muito vento e assim por
diante. Poucas pessoas compreendem que o clima de uma
região é a frequência de tais eventos climáticos: com que
frequência chove ou fica mais quente do que, digamos, 90 graus?
PÁGINA 92

The Hansen paper shows that these frequencies have changed

substantially, both globally and throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Hot
and very hot days have become more frequent; very cold days less
frequent. The paper shows that there is more than a “perception” that
climate change is occurring. The data show that change is real and
substantial.
The frequencies have shifted dramatically over the last half-
century, especially for the most extreme weather events. The implication
is that even more extreme weather is in the offing unless greenhouse gas
emissions are quickly brought under control.

ROBERT REPETTO
Boulder, Colo., Aug. 7,
2012
The writer is the author of “America’s
Climate Problem: The Way Forward.”
 O artigo de Hansen mostra que essas frequências mudaram
substancialmente, tanto globalmente como em todo o Hemisfério
Norte. Dias cada vez mais quentes tornaram-se mais frequentes;
dias muito frios menos frequentes. O artigo mostra que há mais do
que uma “percepção” de que a mudança climática está ocorrendo.
Os dados mostram que a mudança é real e substancial.
As repetições desse evento tem se modificado dramaticamente
ao longo da metade do último século, especialmente no que diz
respeito aos eventos climáticos mais extremos. A implicação disso
é que cada vez mais o clima mais definido está ficando escasso, a
menos que as emissões de gases de efeito estufa sejam
rapidamente controladas.
 PÁGINA 93

Reading for general comprehension

• Choose the correct statement about the text :
• Answer:
• A) The writer agrees with Hansen that climate change is occuring.

Reading for detailed comprehension

1. Choose the fragment in which the writer makes a comment on Hansen’s
paper.
Answer:
B) ”The data show that change is real and substantial.”( 5th paragraph)
 PÁGINA 93
• 2. Write True or False for each statement. Then , correct the false
statements.
a) T
b) T
c) F ( A region’s climate is the frequency of weather events.
d) F ( Very cold days have become less frequent. Hot and vey hot days have
become more frequent.
3. Replace the icon with words the text to complete the sentences
below.
a) James E. Hansen and two colleagues...
b) More people accept......,but a colder spell makes them change their
minds.
c) The frequencies of ......have changed dramatically over....
 PÁGINA 93
• 4. Replace each icon with weather or climate to complete the
sentence below.
a) The increase frequencies of extreme.... events show that .... change is
real and substantial.
a) The increase frequencies of extreme....weather events show that
climate change is real and substantial.
 PÁGINA 94 VOCABULARY STUDY

• 4. In each item (a-d), you can find different meaning for the words
paper, address,spell and degree.Choose the correct meaning of each
word in the fragments below.

a) Resposta : a piece of writing about a particular subject written by

someone who has been studying that subject.
b) Resposta : to deal with a problem.
c) Resposta: a period of time.
d) Resposta: a unit for measuring temperature.
 PÁGINA 95 VOCABULARY STUDY

• 2. Resposta : pieces of information.

3. Resposta : b
4. Respostas : a) You can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions if you
save energy.
b) Tropical storms will continue to become more frequent
unless global warming is slowed.
LANGUAGE IN USE
1.
a) started at an unspecified time in the past and continue up to the
present.
b) Is not important.
 PÁGINA 96 LANGUAGE IN USE
c) changes that have happened over a period of time with consequence
in the present.
2. Copy the following list of verb forms and complete it.

Base form Past simple Past Participle

become became become
change changed changed
shift shifted shifted
soar soared soared
 PÁGINA 96 LANGUAGE IN USE
3. Irregular verb : become
4. b) auxiliary verb(have/has) + main verb (past participle)
5. Find verbs in the Present Perfect tense in the text : has shown,
have not focused, have(also) not considered.
6. Copy the following list of verb forms and complete it.
Base form Past simple Past Participle
consider considered considered
focus focused focused
show showed shown
7. Resposta : In negative sentences , we use not after the auxiliary
verb have/ has and before the past participle of the main verb.
 PÁGINA 97 LANGUAGE IN USE

8. Resposta : b
9. a) climate change
b) has achieved sucess
c) a finished action connected with the present.
10. a) never = not ever
b) ever = sometime before now
c in my lifetime = in my entire life.
11. It has = it’s
12. Resposta = a e b
13. Resposta = a
14. Resposta : b (emphasis)
 PÁGINA 98 LANGUAGE IN USE

15 Resposta : a
16. have noticed
17. In interrogative sentences, we use the auxiliary verb have/has
before the subject. The Past Participle of the main verb comes
after the subject.
18. Resposta : a
19. Resposta :
a) has changed / has / seen
b) hasn’t stopped
c) have adapted
d) Have / thought
 Página 109
Present Perfect: since/for – Unit 6
• 1.
• a) has known
• b) have produced / have entered
• c) have produced
• d) have provided
• e) has dominated
• 2.
• a) a starting point.
• b) a period of time.
• 3.
• a) since / since
• b) for / for
Página 110 Present Perfect: since/for – Unit 6
• 4.
• a) since
• b) for
• c) since
• d) for
• 5. Resposta : a
• 6. Resposta : fragment I (a) / fragment III (c)
• 7. Resposta: fragment II ( b)
• 8. Past tense : yesterday / when I was a child/ last month / a year ago /
the week before.
• Present Perfect : recently/ since I was a child / over the last months /
lately / so far
Página 111 Present Perfect: since/for – Unit 6
• 9.
• b) Titanic won several awards in 1997./ Titanic became popular in 1997.
• c) The Twilight Saga has become popular over the last few
years/recently.
• The Twilight Saga has won several awards over the last few
years/recently.
• 10. Respostas :
• a) II
• b) I
• c) I
• d) II
• 11. a) started / b) have received / c) made / d) have seen
Página 112 Present Perfect: since/for – Unit 6
• 12.
• a) No, it isn’t.
• b) Yes, he does.
• 13. Respostas : a, b e c
• 14. Resposta: a)
• 15.
• a) II
• b) III
• c) I
• 16.
• a) Yet
• b) Just
• c) Already
• 17 . Sequência das respostas: has not voted yet ; has come; has just lost
Página 143 Future with Going to – Unit 8
• 1.
• a) the present situation gives us a good idea of
what is going to happen in the future.
• b) verb be ( am/is/are) + going to+ base form of
the main verb.
• 2.
• a) A student who wants to become more
dedicated to studying.
• b) Plans and intentions.
• c) I’m not going to.
Página 144 Future with Going to – Unit 8
• 3. Resposta pessoal
• 4.
• a) No, she hasn’t.
• b) April’s mom.
• c) April’s mom is certain that the teacher
isn’t going to accept the essay.
• d) April has made a decision at the moment
of speaking.
Página 145 Future with Going to – Unit 8
• 5. Resposta: She is going to show April how
to write an essay.
• 6. Resposta: b
• 7. Resposta: c
• 8. Resposta:
• b) I
• c) I
• d) II