FARM EQUIPMENT &

MICRO-IRRIGATION
T SAIKRISHNA
ABHIRAJ PRAKASH
SARAVANAN P
ARCHANA P MANOJ
GUNJAN KUMAR
KAVI PRIYA
MICRO IRRIGATION SECTOR
• Frequent application of small quantities of water directly above and below the soil
surface; usually as discrete drops, continuous drops or tiny streams through emitters
placed along a water delivery line.
• Companies In Micro Irrigation sector
Jain Irrigation Systems Limited
Netafim Limited
Nagarjuna Fertilizers and Chemicals Limited
EPC Industries Limited
Finolex Plasson Industries Private Limited
• Jain Irrigation Systems Limited have about 55% of market share in India & also export to
more than 20 countries covering all 5 continents. They are leaders in providing custom
made irrigation systems.
Advantages of Micro Irrigation Systems

• More crop for every drop, early maturity, better quality & higher
yield.
• Ideal for terrain with problematic soils & water.
• Saves labour cost.
• Yield increase up to 230%.
• Saves water up to 70%.
• Successfully working on more than 40 crops covering over 600
thousand acres.
Types of micro irrigation

1.Drip irrigation system 2.Sprinkler irrigation

• Drip line • Spray Heads,Jets &
• Drip tubes Foggers
• Drip tapes • Rainport sprinklers
• Drippers • Overhead sprinklers
• Drip kits • Rainguns
• Landscape & Residential
DRIP IRRIGATION
• Drip irrigation is the most efficient method of irrigating.
• While sprinkler systems are around 75-85% efficient, drip systems
typically are 90% or higher.
SPRINKLE IRRIGATION
• Similar to rainfall.
• Water is distributed through a system of pipes usually by pumping. It
is then sprayed into the air and irrigated entire soil surface through
spray heads so that it breaks up into small water drops which fall to
the ground
• Efficient coverage for small to large areas
• Adaptable to nearly all irrigable soils
 Global scenario of tractors

 Global scenario:

North America is one of the major markets in the agricultural

tractor sector, with more than 260,000 new tractor sales in the
region (by the end of 2014).

 Major players the market are:

 Caterpillar
 Deere & Company
 JCB
 Kubota
 Global scenario in Micro Irrigation
 Micro irrigation concepts date back to as early as 1917.
 Over the last twenty years, the area under drip and other “micro”
irrigation methods has risen from 1.6 million hectares to more than 10.3
million.
 California is the king of drip in the United States, in large part because it
is the nation’s fruit and vegetable bowl. It accounts for 62 percent of the
nation’s area under micro-irrigation
 The pioneers of this technology were Mr. Hansen in Denmark, Mr. Blass
in Israel and Mr. Chapin in the United States .
 Netafim, the global market leader in drip irrigation, has expanded drip’s
use on cotton in Australia, Egypt, Israel, the United States and
elsewhere
 Globally, the United States leads in area under micro-irrigation
technologies, followed by Spain, Australia, South Africa and Israel.
Area under Drip Irrigation
Indian scenario of Micro irrigation

• Allocation for micro irrigation under various schemes is declining, (PMKSY, allocation is ₹
1,075 crore).
• Subsidy reduced from 50 percent to 35 percent.
• Dilution of attention from a scheme to a component under a scheme
• Implementation challenges.
• Steady growth over the years. Since 2005, area covered under micro irrigation systems has
grown at a CAGR of 9.6 percent.
• Majority of the area covered under micro irrigation systems
• sprinkler irrigation --- 56.4 percent
• drip irrigation --- 43.6 percent
Indian scenario of Tractor Industry

• Domestic volumes decline by 12.1% (YoY) in Apr-Feb FY2015-16; Exports growth

also moderates.
• M&M Continues to maintain market leadership position
• Regional trends
• Engine HP Trends
• Recovery in demand remains contingent on a healthy monsoon
Major global players for Tractors
Major global players for Tractors
 0
10000
20000
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90000
100000
Jan-13

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Indian tractors Sales data

Oct-14
(Including Exports)

Nov-14
Total Sales in numbers

Dec-14

Jan-15

Feb-15

Mar-15

Apr-15

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Jul-15

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Major Indian players for Tractors
DOMESTIC MARKET-SHARE
Others
New Holland 3%
6%

John Deere
9%

Mahindra and Mahindra

41%
ITL
8%

Escorts
10%

Tafe
23%
Major Global players for Micro-Irrigation
EPC Industries Limited
Jain Irrigation Systems Limited
Lindsay Corporation
Nelson Irrigation Corporation
Netafim Limited
Rain Bird Corporation
Rivulis Irrigation
T-L Irrigation
The Toro Company
Valmont Industries
Major Indian players for Micro-Irrigation
Finolex industries Chart Title
Premier Irrigation
3% EPC 3%
3%
Parikshit industries
5%
Jain irrigation
Nagarjuna
6% Netafim
Nagarjuna
Parikshit industries
Jain irrigation
55%
Premier Irrigation
Netafim
25% EPC
Finolex industries
What is a Tractor?
• Traction + motor = Tractor
• The tractor is an agricultural machine which can either push or pull
agricultural implements in farm fields
TYPES OF TRACTOR
Tractor Types can be classified into 3:
• Type of Construction
• Type of Drive
• The Purpose for which the usage is done
TRACTOR BASED ON
CONSTRUCTION
• Tractor in which the driver can easily sit and drive the machine.
• Tractor in which the operator walks along side and it is also called as
Walking Type Tractor.
BASED ON DRIVES
• Track type : a) Half track type
b) Full track type
• Wheel type : i) 2 Wheeler or Two Wheeled
ii) Three Wheeler or 3 Wheeled
iii) Four Wheeler
BASED ON PURPOSE
• Utility Tractors
• Row Crop Tractor
• Orchard Type
• Industrial Tractor
• Garden Tractor
• Rotary Tillers
• Implement Carrier
• Earth Moving Tractors
Schemes and Subsidies
Micro Irrigation Scheme:
• Centrally Sponsored Scheme on Micro Irrigation(CSS), January 2006.
• Up scaled to National Mission on Micro Irrigation in June 2010.
• Then as National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) in April
2014.
• Now it has been subsumed under Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee
Yojana(PMKSY).
S. No Scheme Name Type of Assistance Pattern of Assistance

1 Centrally Sponsored Procurement of drip / sprinkler irrigation 50% of the cost for
Scheme on Micro system limited to 5 hectare/ beneficiary general category
Irrigation(CSS) After 10 years of availing the benefit, the farmers in the ratio of
farmer can again avail of additional benefit 40:10 from Central:
for another 5 hectares State Government 60%
for small and marginal
farmers @ 50:10
2 National Food Sprinkler system for pulses and wheat Rs. 7500 per hectare or
Security Mission 50% of cost whichever
(NFSM) is less
Drip irrigation system for oil palm As per the specification
of National Mission on
Micro Irrigation
GUJARAT GREEN REVOLUTION
COMPANY
• Implementing agency for implementation of Micro
Irrigation Scheme on behalf of Government of India
and Government of Gujarat in Gujarat State
• Aims for 2nd green revolution
• Joint venture of GNFC,GSFC, GAIC
• GGRC came into being in May 2005
• Jointly promoted by Gujarat State Fertilizers &
Chemicals Limited (GSFC), Gujarat Narmada Valley
Fertilizers Co. Ltd. (GNFC) and Gujarat Agro
Industries Corporation Limited (GAIC)
• Vision to achieve “Per drop, more crop”
PROGRAMMES
• Micro irrigation scheme
• Protected cultivation
• Solar water pump scheme
• IT consultancy
• Promotion and sales of water soluble fertilizers
PRINCIPLE OF MICRO IRRIGATION SCHEMES
• Water is applied directly to the root zone of the
plants.
• Water is applied at frequent intervals at precise
quantities based on Crop Water Requirements.
• Water is applied through a low-pressure pipe
network comprising Mains, Submains, Laterals
and Emitting Devices
TYPES OF MICRO IRRIGATION

RAIN GUN IRRIGATION SYSTEM

POROUS IRRIGATION SYSTEM DRIP IRRIGATION

SPRINKLER IRRIGATION
DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM
• Water applied at low rate through low pressure
• Directly to the land surface closer to plant
• Suitable for orchard crops, plantation crops
SPRINKLER IRRIGATION
• Network of pipes and sprinklers
• Sprinkler irrigation is suitable to almost all soil types, topographic
situation and all types of crops, especially close growing crops, except
rice and jute.
 RAIN GUN IRRIGATION SYSTEM

• Single gun type machine

• Capable of throwing water in 180 degree with force
• Cover 60 to 40 Mtr diameter area at a time
• Suitable For: Horticultural Crops
POROUS SYSTEM
• line source emitting system
• water oozes out throughout the length of the pipe.
• low flow and low pressure (0.5 to 1.0 Kg/cm2).
• Suitable For: Fodder crops, Sugarcane
Schemes and Subsidy for farm equipment
• Macro Management of Agriculture (MMA):
Tractor upto 40hp ` 45000 and 25% of the cost whichever is less

Power Tiller ` 45,000 or 40% of the cost whichever is less for 8 BHP
and above. ` 25,000 or 40% of the cost whichever is less
for less than 8
BHP.

Self Propelled Reaper, paddy transplanter and other ` 40,000 or 25% of the cost whichever is less
similar self propelled machines.
Combine harvester for group of farmers, NGO etc. ` 1,50,000 or 25% of the cost whichever is less

Special power driven equipments like Raised bed ` 20000 or 40% of the cost whichever is less
planter, sugarcane planter etc.
Special power driven implements like potato planter, ` 15000or 25% of the cost whichever is less
potato digger etc.
Zero Till Seed Drill /Multi Crop Planter/ Seed cum ` 15000 or 50% of the cost whichever is less
Fertilizer Drill/ Power Weeder
Cono Weeder and other farm implements ` 3000 or 50% of the cost whichever is less
Tractor Driven Plant protection equipment
Power operated plant protection equipment
Manual plant protection equipment
Power driven equipment (tractor operated)
Power tiller operated equipment
Rotavator
Manually operated implements/ Power Thresher/
Multi-crop Thresher
Manually operated implements/tools
Animal driven implements
Animal driven tool carrier
Diesel or Electric Pump Set for irrigation
Aero blast Sprayer Plant protection equipment
` 4000 or 25% of the cost whichever is less
` 2000 or 25% of the cost whichever is less
` 10,000 or 25% of the cost whichever is less
` 10,000 or 25% of the cost whichever is less
"` 10,000 or 25% of the cost whichever is less
` 20000 or 40% of the cost whichever is less
`1 2000 or 25% of the cost whichever is less
` 1 2000 or 25% of the cost whichever is less
` 2,500 or 25% of the cost whichever is less
` 6000 or 25% of the cost whichever is less
` 100,000 or 50% of the cost whichever is less
` 25000 or 25% of the cost whichever is less
 National Food Security Mission (NFSM)
Rotavator ` 30000 or 50% of the cost whichever is less

Zero Till Seed Drill /Multi Crop Planter/ Seed cum ` 15000 or 50% of the cost whichever is less
Fertilizer Drill/ Power Weeder
Cono Weeder and other farm implements ` 3000 or 50% of the cost whichever is less

Pump Set (upto 10 hp) ` 10,000 or 50% of the cost whichever is less

Knap Sack Sprayers (Manual or power operated) ` 3000 or 50% of the cost whichever is less
National Horticultural Mission (NHM)
Power operated machines/tools Limited to ` 35,000 plier per set,
including power saw and plant 50% of cost limited to one set per
protection equipments. beneficiary.
Power machine(upto 20 BHP with Limited to ` 1.20 lakh per per set,
rotavotor/equipment) 50% of cost limited to one set per
beneficiary.
Power machine(20 BHP and above Limited to ` 3.00 lakh per per set,
including accessories/equipments) 50% of cost limited to one set per
beneficiary.
Import of new machines and tools for Limited to ` 50 lakh per per machine,
horticulture for demonstration 100% of the total cost .
purpose (public sector)
Recent mergers and acquisitions in Farm machinery
and micro irrigation sector
Recent Issues In farm machinery and micro
irrigation sector
• Domestic volumes of tractors decline by 12.1% (YoY) in Apr-Feb
FY2015-16
• Only 7.73 million hectares in India, compared to a potential 69.5
million hectares, were covered under micro-irrigation by March 2015
STRENGTH
• large infrastructure of over 20,000 manufacturers
in small scale industry.
• Vast network of academic and R&D institutions.
• Trained manpower for R&D in agricultural
engineering.
• Over 100 cooperating centres of AICRPs is the
area of agricultural engineering.
• Computer Aided Design adopted by the institutes
for high pace of R&D
WEAKNESSES
• Unreliable after sales service of agricultural
equipment.
• Poor TOT for agricultural engineering technologies
through state departments.
• Poor liaison with industries for R&D and
commercialization.
• Non effective feedback system.
• Non systematic marketing of agricultural
equipment.
OPPORTUNITIES
• Entrepreneurship development for custom hiring.
• Post harvest loss reduction and value addition at
the production catchments through rural level
agro-processing centres.
• Establishment of value chain.
• Increase in irrigated area.
• Reducing yield gaps and increasing productivity
through precision farming technologies.
THREATS
• Low profitability in agricultural enterprises.
• Migration of farmers.
• Fragmentation and continuous reduction of
operational holdings.
• Slow pace of R&D and commercialization.
• Renewable energy technology still subsidy
dependent.
• Inadequate infrastructure back up for after sales
support for farming equipment.