SIGMA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

A
Presentation
on
“EFFECTIVE IRRIGATION USING SOLAR BASED WATER
PUMP WITH AUTOMATIC SWITCHING”
Prepared by:- Guided by:-
1.Patel Parth M. Mr.Bhagchand Tharvani
(140500109527) (Assistant Professor)
2.Chauhan Kuldeepsinh V. Electrical Engineering Dept.
(140500109507) Sigma Institute of Engineering
3.Durvesh Ismail N.
(150503109507)
4.Khamal Dharmesh R.
(150503109509)
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 OUTLINE OF THE PRESENTATION

• Introduction
• Block diagram
• Literature review
• Introduction of solar photovoltaic system.
• Hardware result
• Benefits of Solar pump over Diesel pump
• Plan of Work
• Future scope
• Conclusion
• Reference

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 INTRODUCTION
• In this project we are using solar energy to
operate water pump for agricultural applications.
• Energy generated by solar panel is stored in
batteries during the day time for it to be utilized
to run water pump.
• This project deals with a controlled charging
mechanism with protections for over charge,
deep discharge and under voltage of the battery.
• The project is designed to operate water pump at
different time slots. The Timing control is
achieved by a RTC (Real time clock) IC which is
initiated with microcontroller.
. 3
• It overcomes the difficulties of switching the pump
ON/OFF manually. hence by using Solar power
saving of electricity and water both are possible.

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Solar pumping system [3]

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BLOCK DIAGRAM

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 LITERATURE REVIEW
(1) “Solar Panel Based Automatic Plant Irrigation
system” by Rupali S. Sawant, Shreejit Gubre, Swarthi
Pillai, Monica Jain.
INTRODUCTION
• This system is powered by a solar system which uses
solar panel to converts solar radiation to covert the
electricity.
• This system present the design and other development of
irrigation controller system built around 89S52
microcontroller, peripherals including LCD, GSM modem
and driver circuit relay to switch on/off a motor.
• The entire system will act as a crop insurance system, as
it will protect the crops by shielding it from untimely rain,
hail stones,and temperature.
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(2) “Automatic Irrigation System on Sensing Soil
Moisture Content” by R.Vagulabranan,
M.Karthikeyan, V.Sasikala.
INTRODUCTION:
• This project is intended to create an automated
irrigation mechanism which turns the pumping motor
ON and OFF on detecting the moisture content of the
earth.
• This automated irrigation project brings into play an
Arduno board Atmega328 microcontroller is
programmed to collect the input signal of changeable
moisture circumstances of the earth via moisture
detecting system.
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(3)“Automatic Irrigation system for Agriculture
Field Using WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK
(WSN)” by Prof. Rashmi Jain, Shaunak Kulkarni,
Ahtesham Shaikh, Akash Sood.
INTRODUCTION:
• In this system there is very convenient for the farmer
to irrigation from a distance, because it is operated on
the basis of the wireless sensor.
• There is mainly two part included in it, one is a trans-
meter and the another one is receiver. Receiving
system is connected with the motor and it gives the
output to the motor that when to turn ON and OFF
with the help of transmitting signals.
• It is used to reduce the labor work as well as it is
easier for farmers to operate it from the distance also.
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(4) “Solar based Automatic Irrigation System”
By Binoy Seal, Omkar Shirke, Siddhesh Shewale,
Abhilash Sirsikar, Prof.Priya Hankare.
INTRODUCTION:
• This system is design of solar tracking system to
harness maximum solar energy that is converted into
electrical energy which in turn is used to power the
irrigation system.
• The design single axis solar tracker device, on the
basis of LDR sensor values, orients the PV panel in
accordance with the position of the sun.
• The irrigation pump can be controlled in two modes
namely:-
(1)Automatic mode (2)GSM mode
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(5) “Design and Implementation of Real Time
Irrigation System using a Wireless sensor network”
by Chaitali R. Fule, Pranjali K. Awachat
INTRODUCTION:
• The purpose of this system to measuring the moisture
of agriculture soil by real time method and to
minimize this manual involvement by the farmer.
• The sensor senses the amount of moisture present in
the soil and present on output in the form of analog
voltage ranging between 1.7V (fully saturated
condition) to 4.5V (completely dried condition)
respectively.
• Different amount of water requirement for different
types of soil in this according to type of crop, and
water resistance capacity in different seasons, system
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provide definite amount of water to the plant.
(6)“Automated Solar based Agriculture Pumping”
by Hemant Ingale.
INTRODUCTION:
• This system is powered by a solar system which uses
solar panel to converts solar radiation to covert the
electricity.
• The entire system will act as a crop insurance system,
as it will protect the crops from analog sensor light,
humidity and temperature sensor.
• This system present the design and other development
of irrigation controller system built around 89S51
microcontroller.

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(7) “Solar Pump Application in Rural Water
Supply” by Asefa Kabade, Abha Rajoriya, U. C.
Chaubey
INTRODUCTION
• Utilization of solar energy for drinking water supply
pumping is a feasible solution especially for remote
villages and homes far from power grid.
• Using photovoltaic (PV) pumps has predominant
advantages where grid connection is not available,
good solar conditions exist, and distances from
transport facilities are long.
• The initial cost of solar PV pumping subsystem is
higher than that of diesel pumping system. Solar
pumping system gets economic advantage after 4
years of working.
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 INTRODUCTION PHOTOVOLTAIC
ENERGY SYSTEM
Solar cell:
• P-N junction diode
• Converts the sunlight
into electricity
• Number of PV cell is
combined to form a PV
module.

Structure of PV cell [2]

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 PV Modules:
• Photovoltaic cells are
connected electrically in
circuits to produce higher
voltages, currents and power
levels are called PV
Modules.
• Photovoltaic modules
consist of PV cell circuits
sealed in an environmentally
protective laminate, and are Solar module [1]
the fundamental building
blocks of PV systems.
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 Panels:
• Photovoltaic panels
include one or more PV
modules assembled as a
pre-wired, field-
installable unit.

Solar panel [1]

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 Arrays:
• A photovoltaic array is the
complete power-generating
unit, consisting of any
number of PV modules and
panels.
• Because a single Solar PV
panel can only produce a
limited amount of power,
many installations contain
Solar Array [1]
several panels. Solar PV
panels that are electrically
connected together are often
referred to as an array. 17
PV Module data:
• A 15 watt , 12v solar module is used for our
project.
• Nominal Output Voltage 12V.
• Operating Voltage (Vmp): 17.5V.
• Open Circuit Voltage (Voc): 22.0V
• Operating Current (Imp): 0.83A
• Dimensions: 14.5 x 13.7 x 1 inches
• Solar Cell: 36Pcs.

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 Battery :
• 12volt , 40 ampere sealed lead acid battery used.
• Battery is charged via a charge controller. , it controls
the charging current as well as protect battery from
overcharging and deep discharge.
• Battery has two power supplies for charging, either
with the solar panel power or the grid power supply
(230v).
• A two way switch is used from which we can select
the charging power supply for battery.

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 Pump:
• We will use a 12 volt , 40 ampere, 0.5 HP DC surface
pump which is located in the open by the side of a
water source, The pump remains out of the water,
and generally the motor and the pump can be seen
separately. Surface pumps are usually easy to install
and maintain.
• For further applications for large power
requirements Pumps and modules are selected.
Sr.N PV array Motor Water output
o. capacity
1. 900 1HP 3750 ltr / hour from a head of
watts 10 meter.
2. 1800 2HP 7500 ltr/hour from a head of
watts 10 meter
3. 2700 3HP 11250 ltr/hour from a head of
20
watts 10 meter
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 Control Circuit:
• We are here using PIC 877A micro controller for the
timing based control.
Specification:
• Working Voltages: +5volt DC
• Operating Frequency : 20MHz DC
• Package: 40 PIN
• Flash Program memory : 8K
• Data Memory (bytes): 368
• EEPROM Data Memory (bytes) : 256
• I/O Ports: Ports A,B,C,D,E.
• Timers :3
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Voltage Driver IC :
• For Driving the Output voltage for pump a voltage
Driver IC ULN2003 is used.
• 5V TTL, CMOS.

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Hardware Result

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 Sr. No: Component Rating Quantity Remarks
1 Solar module 12 volt, 1
15watts
2 battery 12volt, 2
7 amps
3 DC pump 12 volt, 1
1200 rpm,
4 PIC + 5v, 20MHz , 1
Microcontroller 40 pin
87AA
5 LED 16*2 - 1
6. Sockets 40 pin, 2
16 pin.
7. 7805 IC 1 Voltage
Regulator
8. ULN 2003 IC 1 Relay Driver

9. RTC chip 1 Real time

clock
10 Push button 6
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switch
 Sr. No: Component Rating Quantity Remarks

11 Toggle Switch - 1

12 Diode 6 amp 4 Halfwave

rectifire

13 capacitors 1000 mFd,25v 1

100 mFd , 16v 1

14 Circuit Board 1

15 Battery clamps 2

16 crystal 12KHz 1

17 MCB 1

18 LED 3

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• After preparing the list we estimated approx. price of
components by market rates.
• Then we got to know that a DC pump can be
constructed by Removing the Armature section of a dc
motor and connecting it with the pump we used.
• We constructed a metal frame for pump and solar
module.

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 FUTURE SCOPE
7th Sem :
• We have searched for all the components of project and
we’ll understand the working of each component.
• We analyzed different types and ratings of solar modules
and selected a 12 volt , 15 watt module for our project.
• We researched for a charger mechanism to charge the
battery via solar panel.
• We will Construct a hardware model containing Solar
module , battery , DC pump and Charge mechganism.

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8th Sem:

• We will prepare complete working model of projet.

• We are going to implement GSM module with our
project to operate the system from anywhere and at
anytime by using mobile phone.
• We are also implementing “SOIL MOISTURE
SENSOR”
• So, the consumption of a water for irrigation is
reduced.
• So the system will become more convenient and
easy to operate.

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 Benefits of solar pump over diesel pump
Assumptions Cost
Cost of 1HP diesel pump set Rs.25,000
Cost of equivalent Solar PV Pump(without subsidy) Rs.2,00,000
No of operating hour per year(200 days * 5 hours/day) 1000 hours
Cost of diesel per liter Rs.60
Fuel Consumption per hour for 2 KVA DG set 0.75 liters
Average increases fuel price per annum 5%
Maintenance cost/year for diesel pump Rs.2000
Maintenance cost/year for solar pump Rs.500
Life cycle period (in years) 10 years

Type Capital Cost Net Net Fuel Cost Total

Maintenance
SPV Pump 2,00,000 3,072 Nil 2,03,072
Diesel Pump 25,000 13,000 2,78,993 3,16,282
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 CONCLUSION

• Analyzed the different Solar Modules used for

irrigation purposes.
• Analyzed the different merits as well as demerits of
using solar energy.
• We analyzed different types of water pumps which
are used for Irrigation purpose.
• We get to know that solar energy for agriculture loads
is more convenient as compared to other sources but
initial cost is higher.

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 REFERANCES
(1) Prof. Rupali S. Sawant, Shreejit Gubre, Swathi
Pillai, Monica Jain Department of Electronics and
Telecommunication, Lokmanya Tilak College of
Engineering, Koparkhairane, Navi Mumbai,
Maharashtra, India, IJSET “Solar Panel Based
Automatic Plant Irrigation System”, Vol. 2 Issue 3,
March 2015, 0885-8969.
(2) R.Vagulabranan, M.Karthikeyan, V.Sasikala,
Student, Dept. of Information Technology, V.R.S.
College of Engineering and Technology, India.
,International Research Journal of Engineering and
Technology (IRJET) “Automatic Irrigation System on
Sensing Soil Moisture Content ” Volume: 03 Issue: 03 |
33
Mar-2016 , e-ISSN: 2395 -0056.
(3) Prof. Rashmi Jain, Shaunak Kulkarni, Ahtesham
Shaikh, Akash Sood. Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of
Engineering and Technology, Pimpri, Pune –411018
Department of Electronics & Telecommunication
Engineering (IRJET )“Automatic Irrigation System For
Agriculture Field Using Wireless Sensor
Network(WSN) ”, IRJET, Volume: 03 Issue: 04 | Apr-
2016 , e-ISISSN: 2395-0072.
(4) Binoy Seal, Omkar Shirke, Siddhesh Shewale,
Abhilash Sirsikar, Prof.Priya Hankare , K.J.
Somaiya Institute of Engineering & IT, Sion, Mumbai
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication
Mumbai University Mumbai, India, “Solar Based
Automatic Irrigation System ”,International
Journal of Research in Advent Technology(IJRAT),
Vol.2, No.4, April 2014 , E-ISSN: 2321-9637.
.
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(5) Chaitali R. Fule, Pranjali K. Awachat, Department of
Electronics &Telecommunication Engineering
G.H.Raisoni College of Engineering and Technology For
Women Nagpur - India, “Design and Implementation of
Real Time Irrigation System using a Wireless Sensor
Network ”, International Journal of Advance Research in
Computer Science and Management Studies, Volume 2,
Issue 1, January 2014 , ISSN: 2321-7782 .
(6) Hemant Ingale, Department of Electronics &
Telecom., Gf’s G.C.O.E , Jalgaon, N.N. KASAT
Sipana’s C.O.E, Amaravat, “Automated Solar Based
Agriculture Pumping ”, International Journal of
Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software
Engineering , Volume 2, Issue 11, November 2012 ,
ISSN: 2277 128X . 35
(7) Asefa Kabade1, Abha Rajoriya2, U. C. Chaubey3
1Department of water resource development and
management, IIT Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
2Corresponding author Electrical Engineering
Department, Dehradun Institute of Technology,
Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India 3 Department of water
resource development and management, IIT Roorkee,
Uttarakhand, India

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Thank You

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