ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT

15ME562

S.S.CHANDRASHEKHAR
M tech (Prod Mgt)
 CONTENT
1. Introduction to energy
2. What is energy
3. What is power
4. Forms of energy
5. Primary energy sources
 INTRODUCTION
 Energy is a prime mover of economic growth and is vital to sustain
the economy. Energy consumption is an indicator of economic
growth of a nation
 Economic growth depends, among other factors, on the long term
availability of resources that are affordable, accessible and their
use do not pollute the environment.
 Industrialization contributes to economic growth and requires
energy. Major energy intensive industries consumed 68% of the
total energy available in 2005. A similar trend continues in the
subsequent years also.
 Energy consumption is strongly related to environment
cleanliness, when fossil fuel is the main source of energy
 Fossil fuel accounts for more than 70% of the total energy
requirement of India and other countries
 WHAT IS ENERGY
• The capacity or power to do work, such as the capacity
to move an object (of a given mass) by the application
of force.
• SI unit for energy is joule (J)

• 1 joule is equal to 1 newton metre and, in terms of SI

base units
• An energy unit that is used in atomic
physics, particle physics and high energy
physics is the electronvolt(eV). One eV is
equivalent to 1.60217653×10−19 J.

• Energy can exist in a variety of forms, such as

electrical, mechanical, chemical, thermal, or
nuclear, and can be transformed from one
form to another.
 WHAT IS POWER
• Power is defined as the rate of doing work, it
is the work done in unit time
• SI unit is given as watt (W) which is joules per
second (J/s)
A 60 watt bulb is switched ON 24 hours a day and there is another 60 watt
bulb which is turned ON for only 12 hours. Now let’s look at the energy
consumed by both the bulbs in one day.
For the first 12 hours both bulb A and B are turned ON therefore,
Power = 60 + 60 = 120 watts
Energy = Power x Time
= 120 x 12 = 1.44 kW h (kilo watt hour)
Now for the next 12 hours only bulb A would remain ON hence,
Power = 60 watts
Energy = 60 x 12 = 0.72 kW h
In this scenario the power consumed during the whole day varies as one bulb
is turned ON for only 12 hours so we have to calculate average power,
Average Power = Total energy consumedTotal time taken
Therefore the average power for our lightbulbs will be,
1.44 + 0.7224
= 0.092 kW
You must have noticed that electrical components and energy meters in
homes use a unit called kWh (kilowatt hour), which stands for 1 kilowatt
of power is been consumed every 1 hour, kWh is the unit of energy.
 ENERGY SCENARIO UNDER INDIAN
CONDITION
• India ranks 6th in the world in total energy consumption and needs to
accelerate the development of energy sector to meet 8‐9% economic
growth in the country.
• India though rich in coal and abundantly endowed with renewable energy
has very small hydrocarbon reserves (0.4% of the world’s reserve).
• India is a net importer of energy, more than 25% of primary energy needs
being met through imports in the form of crude oil and natural gas.
• In energy production, coal and oil account for 54% and 34% respectively
with natural gas, hydro and nuclear contributing to the rest. Industrial
sector in India consumes 52% energy. Consumption of primary energy in
India is 530 Kg of oil equivalent/person in 2004 compares to 1240 Kg oil
equivalent/person in China and the world average of 1770 Kg of oil
equivalent/person.
• Primary energy consumption per person will grow with the growth in
economy because energy consumption is an index of country’s economic
growth and prosperity.