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temperature (2).
LEARNING
OBJECTIVES
2.2.3 Thermal capacity (heat capacity)
Core • Relate a rise in the temperature of Supplement • Give a simple molecular
a body to an increase in its internal energy account of an increase in internal energy •
• Show an understanding of what is meant Recall and use the equation thermal capacity
by the thermal capacity of a body = mc • Define specific heat capacity •
Describe an experiment to measure the
specific heat capacity of a substance •
Recall and use the equation change in energy
= mc∆T
1 kg water
Thermal (heat) capacity
1 kg water 1 kg aluminium
Thermal (heat) capacity
1 kg water 1 kg aluminium
Water must be
supplied with
nearly five times
as much energy as
1 kg water aluminium for the 1 kg aluminium
same rise in
temperature.
Water has a
particularly high
SHC, making it
Substance SHC (J / kg oC) very useful for
storing heat
Water 4181 energy, and for
transporting it, eg.
Oxygen 918 in central heating
Lead 128
Thermal (heat) capacity
Energy transferred = m c ΔT
= 2 x 4181 x 10
= 83,620 J = 83.62 kJ
Thermal (heat) capacity
So what’s
this ‘thermal
capacity’ bit?
Thermal (heat) capacity
So what’s
this ‘thermal
Thermal capacity = mass x SHC capacity’ bit?
Thermal (heat) capacity
So what’s
this ‘thermal
Thermal capacity = mass x SHC capacity’ bit?
= 12,543 J/oC
Thermal (heat) capacity
So what’s
this ‘thermal
Thermal capacity = mass x SHC capacity’ bit?
http://www.schoolphysics.co.uk/age16-19/Thermal%20physics/Heat%20energy/text/Specific_heat_capacity_measurement/index.html
Measuring specific heat capacity Energy = power x time
http://www.schoolphysics.co.uk/age16-
19/Thermal%20physics/Heat%20energy/text/Specific_heat_capa
city_measurement/index.html
Measuring specific heat capacity Energy = power x time
= 0.75 x c x 12.5
c = 40 000 / (0.75 x 12.5)
= 0.75 x c x 12.5
c = 40 000 / (0.75 x 12.5) Actual value for the SHC of water
is 4181 J / kgoC. The method
SHC of water = 4267 J(kgoC) described does not make any
allowance for heat loss to the
surroundings or the beaker.
Thermal (heat) capacity
Radiator
M
Pump
Boiler
Thermal (heat) capacity
M
Pump
Boiler
LEARNING
OBJECTIVES
2.2.3 Thermal capacity (heat capacity)
Core • Relate a rise in the temperature of Supplement • Give a simple molecular
a body to an increase in its internal energy account of an increase in internal energy •
• Show an understanding of what is meant Recall and use the equation thermal capacity
by the thermal capacity of a body = mc • Define specific heat capacity •
Describe an experiment to measure the
specific heat capacity of a substance •
Recall and use the equation change in energy
= mc∆T
Gas
Boiling
(evaporating)
{ Liquid
} condensing
melting { } freezing
Solid
Latent Heat Water has three
phases or states:
Solid (ice)
Liquid
Gas (steam, water
Gas vapour)
Boiling
(evaporating)
{ Liquid
} condensing
melting { } freezing
Solid
Latent Heat Thermal energy
Latent Heat Thermal energy
Time
Latent Heat Thermal energy
Time
Latent Heat Thermal energy
Time
Latent Heat Thermal energy
The specific
latent heat of
fusion of ice is
330 000 J/kg
Latent Heat
The specific
latent heat of
fusion of ice is
330 000 J/kg
The specific
latent heat of
fusion of ice is
330 000 J/kg
E = mL
Latent Heat eg. If 3.5 kg of ice is melted (at 0oC)
E = mL
E = mL
Latent Heat
Measuring the
specific
latent heat of
fusion of ice.
Latent Heat
Measuring the
specific
latent heat of
fusion of ice.
Power = energy / time
Latent Heat So, energy = Power x time
Measuring the
specific
latent heat of
fusion of ice.
E = mL L = E/m
Measuring the
specific
latent heat of
fusion of ice.
E = mL L = E/m
Measuring the
specific
latent heat of
fusion of ice.
E = mL L = E/m
If the kettle is not switched off, more thermal energy is absorbed by the
water, producing more steam at 100oC.
Latent Heat of Vaporization
Water boils at
100oC,
producing
steam.
If the kettle is not switched off, more thermal energy is absorbed by the
water, producing more steam at 100oC.
If the kettle is not switched off, more thermal energy is absorbed by the
water, producing more steam at 100oC.
The specific
latent heat
of
vaporization
of water is
2 300 000
J/kg
Latent Heat of Vaporization
The specific
latent heat
of
vaporization
of water is
2 300 000 This means that 2 300 000
J/kg joules of energy are
transferred to change each
kilogram of liquid water into
steam at the same
temperature (100oC).
Latent Heat of Vaporization
latent heat E = mL
of
But this time ‘L’ is the specific
vaporization latent heat of vaporization.
of water is
2 300 000 This means that 2 300 000
J/kg joules of energy are
transferred to change each
kilogram of liquid water into
steam at the same
temperature (100oC).
Latent Heat of Vaporization
Measuring the
specific latent
heat of
vaporization of
water.
Latent Heat of Vaporization
Measuring the
specific latent
heat of
vaporization of
water.
http://spmphysics.onlinetuition.com.my/2013/07/measuring-specific-latent-heat-of_6.html
Power = energy / time
Latent Heat of Vaporization So, energy = Power x time
Measuring the
specific latent
heat of
vaporization of
water.
E = mL L = E/m
Measuring the
specific latent
heat of
vaporization of
water.
E = mL L = E/m