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U
U dFn
Fn
Now suppose, the order of this process is reversed;
• i.e., Apply a small force dFn to this same
body and observe a deformation dn; then
apply the forces, Fi=1 to n.
• As these forces are being applied, dFn goes
through displacement n.(Note dFnis
constant) and does work:
dU = dFnn
• Hence the total work done is:
U+ dFnn
The end results are equal
7
Pi 2 Li
Internal Strain Energy U
i 1 2 EA
Castigliano’s 2nd:
U
1
2 EA
F 2 L0 2 2 F 2 L0 F 2 L0 2 F F ' L0 2 2 F F ' L0 F 2 L0
2 2
ΔC
U
1
F ' 2 EA
2 2 F F ' L0 4 2 F F ' L0
C
ΔC
1
2 EA
4 F L0 4 2 F L0
c
2 1 2 FL0
EA
With Numbers…
A lightweight aluminum truss,
E=70000 MPa, has a height,
Lo=1m, and is made of tubular
c
2 1 2 FL0
stock with a cross sectional area EA
of 250 mm2. Determine the
deflection at C when the load at
B, F=20kN.
c
2 1 2 (20000)2000
70000(250)
11 .03 mm