Services

• ISDN-oriented
• Mobile specific services
& modifications
Supplementary
Services

Teleservices Bearer Services

GSM Phase 1/2

Services
Fig. 1 (TM2100EU03TM_0001 GSM Services, 3)
 Tele Services TS:
defines services "end-to-end"
incl. application Bearer Services BS:
defines data transmission

Teleservices
Bearer Services
PLMN section section outside PLMN

TE Interworking Terminating TE
GSM network Transit network
(MS) Function IWF network (MS)

Supplementary Services SS:

enhance/modify TS / BS

Fig. 2 (TM2100EU03TM_0001 GSM Services, 5)

 Bearer Services

T/NT: Transparent / Non-Transparent

UDI: Unrestricted Digital Information
PAD: Packet Assembler / Disassembler

Fig. 3 (TM2100EU03TM_0001 GSM Services, 7)

 Teleservices

Category TS No. Service

Speech 11 Telephony; MOC, MTC

12 Emergency Call
Short Message Service 21 Short Message MT, PP
22 Short Message MO, PP
23 Short Message Service Cell Broadcast
SMSCB
Teletext transmission 51 Teletext
Fax transmission 61 Alternating speech / fax (Group 3),
T/NT
62
Fax (Group 3) automatic, T/NT

T/NT: Transparent / Non-Transparent

UDI: Unrestricted Digital Information
PAD: Packet Assembler / Disassembler

Fig. 4 (TM2100EU03TM_0001 GSM Services, 9)

 Services
Supplementary

Fig. 5 (TM2100EU03TM_0001 GSM Services, 11)

 Services

Applications
Fig. 6 (TM2100EU03TM_0001 GSM Services, 13)
 Current Applications:
Terminal Devices
Mobile equipment:
• Car phones
• Portables Transmission power:
• Handhelds • 8 W / 4 W (GSM 900/1800)
•2W/1W

Applications/Transmission:
• Speech
• Short messages (SMS)
• Faxes
• Data
• Internet surfing
• Organizer
• Mobile banking
Mobile accessories:
• Fax devices
• Laptops • Barcode readers
• Digital cameras • GPS receivers
• Headsets • ....

Fig. 7 (TM2100EU03TM_0001 GSM Services, 15)

 Trend in GSM:
speech  data
Significance

speech: Traffic volume of

data services
"normal connection" (total):
emergency call Implementation 1-2%
obligatory
Implementation Implementation
obligatory after depending on operator
start phase SMS:
other
paging,
data
personal
transport:
short message,
internet,
remote control,
Implementation e-mail,
barcode reader,
obligatory file transfer,
telematics,
video tele-
GPS,...
fax phony,
...
Year
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000

Fig. 8 (TM2100EU03TM_0001 GSM Services, 17)

 Demands on
Mobile
Communications

• Quick transfer of large

data volumes
(E-Mail, Internet, File transfer,

Multimedia)
• Improved speech quality
• User friendliness
• Worldwide availability
Solutions: • Worldwide HPLMN service
Phase 2+ • Specific services

Fig. 9 (TM2100EU03TM_0001 GSM Services, 19)

 Services
Demands on
mobile communications?

GSM
Phase 2+

GSM
Phase 2+
solutions

GSM Phase 2+
Services
Fig. 10 (TM2100EU03TM_0001 GSM Services, 21)
 satellite multi- SOR
roaming band / mode Support of
e.g. ICO Optimal Routing
MSP
EFR Multiple Subscriber UUS
Enhanced Profile User-User
Full Rate ASCI Signalling
Advanced Speech
GPRS Call Items CAMEL
Customized Application
General Packet
Radio Service HSCSD for Mobile network
High Speed Circuit Enhanced Logic
Switched Data EDGE
Enhanced Data rates
for the GSM Evolution

GSM
Phase 2+
Solutions

Fig. 11 (TM2100EU03TM_0001 GSM Services, 23)

 GSM / ISDN: Data Transmission Rates EDGE

400
350
max. data rate [kbit/s]

300
250
GPRS
200
HSCSD
150
100
50
0
ISDN GSM GSM GSM GSM
Phase 1/2 Phase 2+
ISDN: Integrated Services Digital Network HSCSD: High Speed Circuit Switched Data
GPRS: General Packet Radio Service EDGE: Enhanced Data rates for the GSM Evolution

Fig. 12 (TM2100EU03TM_0001 GSM Services, 25)

 HSCSD
High Speed Circuit Switched Data

9.6
 ••••
14.4 kbit/s
14.4 kbit/s
trans-
mission 28.8 kbit/s
rate
57.6 kbit/s
e.g.
Circuit for continuous moving pictures,
Switched data flow video telephone

only point-to-point no new network

SW modifications
elements

Disadvantage: smaller HW
not resource efficient modifications

Fig. 13 (TM2100EU03TM_0001 GSM Services, 27)

 GPRS
General Packet Radio Service

bundling:
Packet Switched
1 - 8 channels
CS-1 9.05 kbit/s

up to > 100 kbit/s

billing according
CS-2 13.4 kbit/s (theoret. 171.2
to data volume
kbit/s)
possible

CS-3 15.6 kbit/s point-to-multipoint

(possible)
internet, telemetry,
CS-4 21.4 kbit/s fleet management,
e-mail, traffic telemetry,..
channel different redundancy depending on Modifications in
air interface quality
coding Network & Protocol
Advantage: architecture protocol architecture
• resource efficient modifications
• direct IP access
• prerequisite for UMTS
Fig. 14 (TM2100EU03TM_0001 GSM Services, 29)
 EDGE: Enhanced Data rates for the GSM Evolution
TS
bundling 1 2 3 4 8

data rate/TS
up to 69.2 ••••
[kbit/s]

transmission
rate up to 138.4 kbit/s

up to 207.6 kbit/s

up to 553.6 kbit/s

GSM GSM
(HSCSD) (EDGE) EDGE:
• Booster for GPRS (&HSCSD)
Modulation GMSK 8PSK
• High-level modulation (813 instead of 270 kbit/s)
Carrier width 200 kHz 200 kHz
• Use of "classical" GSM channel structure
Modulation rate 270.8 kbit/s 813 kbit/s (FDMA/TDMA: 200 kHz; 8 TS with 4.615 ms each)
• max. 8 x 69.2 kbit/s = 553.6 kbit/s 
bit rate/TS 14.4 kbit/s 69.2 kbit/s meets 3G requirements (Zone 3: rural)
Max. rate 115 kbit/s 553.6 kbit/s

Fig. 15 (TM2100EU03TM_0001 GSM Services, 31)

Speech Transmission
in Phase 2+
ASCI
Enhanced Full Rate EFR Advanced Speech Call Items
improved speech codec
(13 kbit/s) • Voice Broadcast Service VBS
• Voice Group Call Service VGCS
• enhanced Multi-Level Precedence
and Pre-Emption eMLPP
 For Closed User Groups (GSM-R)
 Group and broadcast services
 Quick call set-up
 Priority control

Fig. 16 (TM2100EU03TM_0001 GSM Services, 33)

 Advanced Speech Call Items
ASCI

Voice Broadcast Service VBS

• 1 "speaker“ (MS or fixed network), many listeners
• Message for particular groups / particular cells
• Only “speaker" interacts with network
• Notification (instead of paging) & message in def. cells
• "Listener" passive (confirmation message possible) enhanced Multi-Level
Precedence & Pre-Emption
eMLPP

Fig. 17 (TM2100EU03TM_0001 GSM Services, 35)

• Priority control for VBS, VGCS
• Priority classes:
5 (subscriber) + 2 (network-internal
procedures)
• Priority allocation: service provider / SIM

Voice Group Call Service VGCS

• Speech group call: 1 group call channel
• 1 "speaker", many listeners; group as with VBS
• Changing speaker (call initiator  listener mode)
• "Transmission rights" in speech pauses
• Ended by initiator / VAD
 CAMEL
Customized Application
for Mobile network Enhanced Logic
allows usage also with
ETSI definition
operator-specific International
of IN services services Roaming

Implementation in steps:
Step 1: Release ‘96
Support of some service definitions
e.g. "Call Screening Services", "Call Supervision Services", exchange of
"Number Translation Services" subscriber information
Step 2: Release ‘97 HPLMN  VPLMN
other features: download HPLMN-charging
information, on-line charging, internal pre-paid,
Specialized Resource Functions SRF (add.
service info, tones, announcements,..), local info,
... implementation of
Step 3: Release ‘99 IN functional elements
• Co-operation with GSM mobility
management
• Multiparty calls
• Support of UMTS - VHE concept

Fig. 18 (TM2100EU03TM_0001 GSM Services, 37)

 SIM Toolkit
GSM
functions

SIM
Subscriber Identity Module

SIM Toolkit
• Supplements ME functions without HW modifications
• Data download (SMS)
• Call control (digit sequence)
• Info on cell identity, call status 
application modifications for status change possible
ME • Applications: home banking, booking flights,
Mobile Equipment info services,...
• Special security mechanisms

Fig. 19 (TM2100EU03TM_0001 GSM Services, 39)

 MExE
Mobile station application
Execution Environment

simplified implementation
of operator-dependent
applications

user friendly interfaces SW download

(internet surfing /
mobile phones)

WAP
Wireless JAVA
Application Protocol

Fig. 20 (TM2100EU03TM_0001 GSM Services, 41)

Other Phase 2+ Features
UUS
SOR User to User
Signaling
Support of
Optimal Routing
speech
+
SMS

• Direct connection
• No detour via HPLMN private
• VPLMN  HPLMN: only signaling MSP
Multiple
Subscriber Profile

• Max. 4 different
subscriber identities work
• 1 SIM

Fig. 21 (TM2100EU03TM_0001 GSM Services, 43)