By Sabah Jabbar

Roll no # 120
 “Itis the study of distribution and
determinants of health related stages or
events in specified populations and
application of this study to the control of
health problems.”
 Itis a very common highly infectious,
inflammatory disease caused by
MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS and it is
the Deadl of infection
 Untilmid 1800s, many believed TB was
hereditary
 1865 Jean Antonie Villemin proved TB was
contagious
 1882 Robert Koch discovered Mycobacterium;
the bacteria that caused TB
 Agent factors

Source of
Agent Communicability
Infection

MYCOBACTERIUM Human Bovine

Social factors

Lack of
Early Poor quality
Host Overcrowding proper
Marriage of life
Factors conditions

Age Sex Hereditary Nutrients

 Itis defined as the spread of an organism
such as Mycobacterium Tuberculosis from one
person to another.

 Well:
 TB may be expelled when infected person:
 Coughs
 Sneezes
 Speaks
 Sings
 Transmission occurs when
another person inhales
droplet nuclei
 Probability that TB be
transmitted disease
depends on:
1. Infectiousness of person
with TB disease
2. Environment in which
exposure occurred
3. Length of exposure
4. Virulence of organism
 Pakistan currently ranks 5th amongst
continues with highest burden of TB along
with the 4th highest burden of Drug Resistant
TB globally.
 In an estimated population of around 180
million with annual incidence of TB being
231/100,000 Pakistan produces about
420,000 new cases anually.
 Agent

Susceptible
Reservoir
host

Portal of Portal of
Entry exit

Mode of
Transmission