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Skrabal
Concentration-dilution formula
Fundamental SI units
Moles of solute
Molality (m) =
kg solvent
mass solute ( g ) 2
% (w/w) = 10 percent
mass sample ( g )
mass solute ( g ) 3
ppt (w/w) = 10 ppt = parts per thousand
mass sample ( g )
mass solute ( g ) 6
ppm (w/w) = 10 ppt = parts per million
mass sample ( g )
mass solute ( g ) 9
ppb (w/w) = 10 ppt = parts per billion
mass sample ( g )
mass solute ( g ) 12
ppt (w/w) = 10 ppt = parts per trillion
mass sample ( g )
mass solute ( g ) 2
% (w/v) = 10 percent
vol. sample (mL)
mass solute ( g ) 3
ppt (w/v) = 10 ppt = parts per thousand
vol. sample (mL)
mass solute ( g ) 6
ppm (w/v) = 10 ppt = parts per million
vol. sample ( mL)
mass solute ( g ) 9
ppb (w/v) = 10 ppt = parts per billion
vol. sample (mL)
mass solute ( g ) 12
ppt (w/v) = 10 ppt = parts per trillion
vol. sample (mL)
Concentration scales (cont.)
Volume / volume (v/v) basis
mass solute ( g ) 2
% ( w : v) 10
vol. sample (mL)
281.5 mg V 1 g V 1L 2
% ( w : v) 10
L 1000 mg V 1000 mL
0.02815 % ( w : v) or 2.815 x 10 2 % ( w : v)
Concentration scales (cont.)
• Parts per million, billion, trillion are very often used to
denote concentrations of aqueous solutions:
1 g solute 103 mg 1 g solution 1000 mL solution mg
1 ppm 6 1
10 g solution 1 g 1 mL solution 1 L solution L
It is important to memorize:
4356 ppm
Concentration examples
1955 ppm
Concentration-dilution formula
A very versatile formula that you
absolutely must know how to use
• C1 V1 = C2 V2
where C = conc.; V = volume
• M1 V1 = M2 V2
where M = molarity
• Cconc Vconc = Cdil Vdil
Write down what you know and what you don’t know:
Concentration-dilution formula example