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    Pertemuan7 Discrete Fourier Transform and FFT (1)

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    25 просмотров59 страниц

    Pertemuan7 Discrete Fourier Transform and FFT

    Загружено:

    gaus silaban
    new volume

    Авторское право:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Скачайте в формате PPTX, PDF, TXT или читайте онлайн в Scribd
    Отметить как неприемлемый контент
    из 59

    Discrete Fourier Transform and

    Signal Spectrum
    Oleh Albert Sagala
    Pertemuan 7
    Objectives:
    • This chapter investigates discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and fast
    Fourier transform (FFT) and their properties
    • introduces the DFT/FFT algorithms to compute signal amplitude
    spectrum and power spectrum
    • and uses the window function to reduce spectral leakage.
    • describes the FFT algorithm and shows how to apply it to estimate a
    speech spectrum.

    10/10/2018 ABS/Digital Signal Processing/Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) 2


    Discrete Fourier Transform
    • In time domain, representation of digital signals describes the signal
    amplitude versus the sampling time instant or the sample number.
    • However, in some applications, signal frequency content is very useful
    otherwise than as digital signal samples.
    • The representation of the digital signal in terms of its frequency
    component in a frequency domain, that is, the signal spectrum, needs
    to be developed.
    • The algorithm transforming the time domain signal samples to the
    frequency domain components is known as the discrete Fourier
    transform, or DFT.
    10/10/2018 ABS/Digital Signal Processing/Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) 3
    10/10/2018 ABS/Digital Signal Processing/Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) 4
    10/10/2018 ABS/Digital Signal Processing/Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) 5
    Fourier Series Coefficients of Periodic
    Digital Signals

    the coefficients of the


    Fourier series expansion of a periodic signal x(t) in a complex form is

    10/10/2018 ABS/Digital Signal Processing/Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) 6


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    Discrete Fourier
    Transform Formulas
    • First, we assume that the process acquires data
    samples from digitizing the interested continuous
    signal for a duration of T seconds.
    • Next, we assume that a periodic signal x(n) is
    obtained by copying the acquired N data samples with
    the duration of T to itself repetitively.
    • We determine the Fourier series coefficients using
    one-period N data samples and Equation (4.5). Then
    we multiply the Fourier series coefficients by a factor
    of N to obtain

    10/10/2018 ABS/Digital Signal Processing/Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) 14


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    MATLAB FFT functions.

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    10/10/2018 ABS/Digital Signal Processing/Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) 23
    Amplitude Spectrum and Power
    Spectrum

    10/10/2018 ABS/Digital Signal Processing/Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) 24


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    10/10/2018 ABS/Digital Signal Processing/Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) 34
    TBD

    10/10/2018 ABS/Digital Signal Processing/Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) 35


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    10/10/2018 ABS/Digital Signal Processing/Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) 43
    Spectral Estimation Using Window
    Functions
    • When we apply DFT to the sampled data in the previous section, we
    theoretically imply the following assumptions:
    • first, that the sampled data are periodic to themselves (repeat themselves)
    • and second, that the sampled data are continuous to themselves and band
    limited to the folding frequency.
    • The second assumption is often violated, thus the discontinuity
    produces undesired harmonic frequencies.

    10/10/2018 ABS/Digital Signal Processing/Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) 44


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    10/10/2018 ABS/Digital Signal Processing/Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) 57
    See : Program 4.2. MATLAB program for Example 4.11

    10/10/2018 ABS/Digital Signal Processing/Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) 58


    Reference
    • Li Tan (2008), Digital Signal Processing : Fundamentals and
    Applications, Academic Press: Chapter 4.

    10/10/2018 ABS/Digital Signal Processing/Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) 59

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