Elements, Compounds, and

Mixtures
1. 3 KINDS OF MATTER

Elements
Compounds
Mixtures
2. Elements
All (living and nonliving) of the different
kinds of matter in the universe is made
from about 100 different substances,
called elements.
Elements are called the building blocks of
matter because all matter is composed of
elements.
Each element is made up of the same type
of atoms.
3. Compounds
 A compound is a substance made of two or
more different kinds of elements chemically
combined in a specific ratio.
 Each compound is represented by a formula that
uses symbols to identify which elements are
present.
 A formula shows the ratio of elements in the
compound.
 H2O – ratio of Hydrogen is 2:1 Oxygen
The symbols make up the formula. A
formula is just chemical shorthand for the
compound.
 The subscript lets us know how many
atoms are present.
 The coefficient lets us know how many
molecules are present.
Compounds
Welcome!

1. Find your assigned seat.

2. Take out your warm-up

paper as you walk in and
complete the question for
Tuesday
4. Molecules

A molecule is formed when two or more

atoms join together chemically.

Diatomic molecules are made of two

atoms of the same element. These
molecules cannot be alone, they must
have a buddy at all time!
Hydrogen – H2
Oxygen – O2
5. What is the difference between a
compound and a molecule?
A molecule is formed when two or more
atoms join together chemically.
 Molecules don’t have to have different kinds of
elements, when they do they are called a
compound!
 A compound is a molecule that contains at least
two different elements.
 All compounds are molecules but not all
molecules are compounds.
Molecular hydrogen (H2), molecular
oxygen (O2) and molecular nitrogen (N2)
are not compounds because each is
composed of a single element.
Water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2) and
methane (CH4) are compounds because
each is made from more than one
element.
6. Mixtures
 Most matter in the
universe is found in
mixtures.
 A mixture is made
from two or more
substances (either
elements, compounds
or both) - that are not
chemically combined.
 Mixtures and
compounds differ
in two ways…
Substances in a mixture keep
their individual properties.
Parts of a mixture are not
necessarily present in specific
ratios.
Compound

A compound has properties different than

the elements that make it up.

The parts of a compound are present in

specific ratio’s.
Compounds and Mixtures

Most of the matter around you is in the

form of compounds or mixtures.

Water, carbon dioxide, salt, vinegar,

baking soda, lye, sugar, gasoline, and
bleach are all chemical compounds.
7. Heterogeneous Mixture

A mixture in which different materials can

be easily distinguished.

Examples: Pizza, dry soup, chex mix, trail

mix are all examples.
8. Solutions

Homogeneous mixture: is a substance in

which two or more substances are
uniformly (evenly) spread out.
example: salt water
Solution is another term for homogeneous
mixture.
Welcome!

1.Find your assigned seat.

2.Write in your agenda that we

have a quiz on Friday.

3. On your warmup paper

complete the question for
Tuesday
Videos

Homogeneous vs. heterogeneous

Colloids, suspensions, and solutions

9. Solutions

Solute is the substance being dissolved.

Solvent is the substance that dissolves a

solute.

Solubility is the amount of a substance

(solute) that will dissolve in a solvent.
Solubility = how easily a substance
(solute) will dissolve in a solvent
Example

Salt water:

The water is the solvent

NaCl (salt) is the solute

10. Colloids
A colloid is a heterogeneous mixture that
like a solution never settles.
Examples: Milk, smoke, jello
One way to tell a colloid from a solution is
because milk appears white because its
particles scatter light.
11. Suspensions

A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture

containing a liquid in which visible particles
settle.

River water, salad

dressing
RECAP
NaCl is the formula for salt
Water is H2O
An oxygen atom can bond
with two hydrogen atoms to
make a molecule we call
water. Water is an example of
a compound, because it
contains more than one kind
of atom. The formula for
water is H2O, meaning there
are two hydrogen atoms for
each oxygen atom.
Carbon Dioxide CO2

Carbon dioxide molecules are made from

one carbon and two oxygen atoms joined
together by covalent bonds. The chemical
symbol is CO2.
Glucose - C6H12O6
Molecule
 When a compound is broken down into its’
smallest piece it is called a molecule. You should
be able to write the formula for the following:

 Water

 Oxygen

 Carbon Dioxide
DNA

Is a large molecule made up of carbon,

hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and
phosphorous.
Kinetic theory of matter

The idea that all matter is made up of

constantly moving tiny particles.
Welcome!
1. Find your assigned seat.

2. Write in your agenda that we have a quiz on

Friday.

3. On your warmup for Thursday draw and fill

in the blanks of the concept map below:
Matter

________ Mixtures

Elements ________ Solutions Colloids ________