The different categories of communication

include:

• Spoken or Verbal Communication: face-to-

face, telephone, radio or television and other
media.
• Non-Verbal Communication: body language,
gestures, how we dress or act - even our scent.
• Written Communication: letters, e-mails, books,
magazines, the Internet or via other media.
• Visualizations: graphs and charts, maps, logos
and other visualizations can communicate
messages.
 Non-verbal communications
include facial expressions, the
tone and pitch of the voice,
gestures displayed through body
language (kinesics) and the
physical distance between the
communicators (proxemics).
 Facial expressions are vital to social
communication between people.
 According to one set of controversial
theories, these movements convey the
emotional state of an individual to
observers.
 They are caused by the movement of
muscles that connect to the skin and
fascia in the face.
 These muscles move the skin, creating
lines and folds and causing the
movement of facial features, such as the
mouth and eyebrows.
 voluntary expression - expressions are
made consciously
 Emotional expression - often displayed
unconsciously, people can be unaware
that they are producing these
expressions
 A person's eyes reveal much about
how they are feeling, or what they are
thinking.
 Blink rate can reveal how nervous or at
ease a person may be.

Eye contact serves a variety of purposes:

It regulates conversations, shows interest
or involvement, and establishes a
connection with others.

Pupil dilation is a significant cue to a level

of excitement, pleasure, or attraction.
Dilated pupils indicate greater affection
or attraction, while constricted pupils
send a colder signal.
 But different cultures have different rules for
eye contact. Certain Asian cultures can
perceive direct eye contact as a way to
signal competitiveness, which in many
situations may prove to be inappropriate.
Others lower their eyes to signal respect,
and similarly eye contact is avoided in
Nigeria, and between men and women in
Islam.
 However, in western cultures this could be
misinterpreted as lacking self-confidence.
 Facial expression is used in sign
languages to convey specific meanings.
 raised eyebrows combined with a slightly
forward head tilt indicate that what is
being signed is a yes/no question.
 Lowered eyebrows are used for wh-word
questions.
 Facial expression is also used in sign
languages to show adverbs and
adjectives such as distance or size
 Micro expressions are the facial expressions
that last less than a second that can help to
determine the true feelings or emotions of
the sender in communication.
 So far, researchers have not been able to
find a technology that can accomplish the
same lie-detecting skills as people who are
natural lie detectors. However, it is possible
for anyone with a computer to be formally
trained in the art of detecting micro
expressions.
 These expressions have been gaining
more attention over the years for many
reasons. The show Lie To Me exhibits the
art of watching the micro expressions of
people and determining whether they
are being truthful or not.
 Law enforcement can benefit from this
practice to catch criminals.
 Verbal communication is sharing of
information between individuals by using
speech
 It acts as the primary
tool for expression
between two or more
people, in combination
with nonverbal
communication.
 Whereas public speaking involves one or
more people delivering a message to a
group
 And interpersonal communication
generally refers to a two-way exchange
that involves both talking and listening.
 Verbal communication has many purposes,
it includes everything from simple one-
syllable sounds to complex discussions and
relies on both language and emotion to
produce the desired effect.
 It can be used to inform, inquire, argue and
discuss topics of all kinds. It is vital to
teaching and learning, as well as forming
bonds and building relationships with other
people.
 Each of these is just as important in our
personal lives as in our professional lives:

Be friendly, be clear, think before you

speak, don’t speak too much, be your
authentic self, practice humility, speak with
confidence, focus on your body language,
be concius and learn the art of listening.
 Your voice can reveal as much
about your personal history as your
appearance.
 The sound of a voice and the
content of speech can provide clues
to an individual's emotional state and
a dialect can indicate their
geographic roots.
 The voice is responsive to emotions
and sometimes gets 'blocked', which
can prevent or hinder the expression
of a range of feelings. However, it is
possible to use physical exercise to
help produce a more flexible voice
1. Making eye contact while
communicating wit people is important
because it shows you are listening to
them.
2. Not swearing and shouting because it
can be intimidating.
3. Not chewing gum while having a
conversation with someone.
4. Not texting while speaking to someone
as it will make them think your ignorant.
5. Always trying to speak clearly and use words
everyone can understand.
6. Make positive facial expressions
7. Listening to the person you are speaking to.

8. Have a relaxed body language.

9. Don’t speak over other people.
10. Keep to the point while explaining to someone.
 If you are at a job interview and you have
bad communication skills such as fidgeting
and not always paying attention you will
not likely get the job.
 Also if you are doing the presentation and
you don’t keep on track the people you
are doing a presentation for will get bored
and you will not get your point across
 Also if you come off as intimidating you
could scare the person off you are talking
to.