LOGO

BAMBOO FIBER & IT’S

PROCESSING

BY AMOL V. TALWARE
(Final T.C.)
 Contents

1 WHAT
WHATIS
ISBAMBOO
BAMBOOFIBER
FIBER

2 Availability
Availabilityof
ofbamboo
bamboo

3 PROPERTIES
PROPERTIESOF
OFBAMBOO
BAMBOOFIBER
FIBER

4 FF Manufacturing
Manufacturingprocess
processof
ofbamboo
bamboofiber
fiber

5 PRETREATMENT
PRETREATMENTAND
ANDDYEING
DYEING

6 GG ADVANTAGES
ADVANTAGESOF
OFBAMBOO
BAMBOO

7 FF END-USE
END-USEOF
OFBOMBOO
BOMBOOFIBRE
FIBRE
LOGO WHAT IS BAMBOO FIBER ?

Bamboo Fiber is a regenerated cellulose fiber,

which is produced from bamboo pulp Processed
from bamboo culms.

The fastest growing woody plant on this planet.

 The bamboo fiber was developed by Beijing

University.
 Availability of bamboo:-
LOGO
The fastest growing woody plant on this planet is
bamboo.
Bamboo forests are found in diverse climates, from cold
mountains to hot tropical regions.
There are 200 species that can be grown well in north
America.
Bamboo is not picky about soil conditions, but generally
prefers a pH=7 or neutral soil.
Most of the large bamboo, 20 feet or less prefer partly
shady growing conditions.
LOGO AVAILABILITY OF BAMBOO IN INDIA:-

PLACES AREA % GROWING STOCK %

North India 28.0 66
M.P 20.3 12
Maharashtra 9.9 5
Orissa 8.71 7
A.P 7.4 2
Karnataka 5.5 3
Others 20.2 5
LOGO PHYSICAL APPEARENCE OF BAMBOO
FIBER:

Bamboo fiber is thinner than hair.

It has a round and smooth surface which makes it abrasion
proof.
Bamboo fiber is sensitive to moisture regain.
Bamboo fiber is 100% biodegradable.
 Manufacturing process of bamboo fiber:-
LOGO

1) Mechanical process:-

 The woody parts of the bamboo plant are crushed and

then natural enzymes are used to break the bamboo walls
into a mushy mass so that the natural fiber can be
mechanically combed out and spun into yarn.

 This is treated as an eco-friendly manufacturing process.

 It is more labour intensive and costly.

 2) Chemical process:-
LOGO

 Chemically manufactured bamboo fiber is regenerated

cellulose fiber similar to rayon.

 Bamboo fiber is chemically manufactured by cooking

the bamboo leaves and woody shoots in strong
chemical solvents such as sodium hydroxide and
carbon disulfide in a process also known as hydrolysis
alkalization combined with multi phase bleaching.
 The general process for producing regenerated bamboo
LOGO
fiber using hydrolysis alkalization with multi phase
bleaching technology is furnished below:
LOGO Bamboo fiber fabric production flow:
 Eco-friendly process to produce bamboo
LOGO
fiber:

Solvent spinning process used to

produce lyocell from wood cellulose can be
modified to use bamboo cellulose.
Uses N-methyl morpholine-N-oxide
(NMNO) as a solvent to dissolve the
bamboo cellulose into a viscose solution.
Hydrogen peroxide is added as a
stabilizer.

Advantage :
Eco-friendly.
99.5% recovery of chemical.
Non-toxic chemicals can be used.
LOGO Bamboo fiber spinning:
The process of bamboo compact spinning is designed
to reduce hairiness in bamboo yarn.
Eliminating the spinning triangle at the delivery
section of the front roller produces quality bamboo
compact yarn with low hairiness and high evenness
and higher tenacity.
 Benefits claimed from compact
LOGO
spinning (bamboo compact yarn):
 

15-20% reduction in hairiness of yarn,

10-15% improvement in yarn tenacity,
Twist in yarn can be reduced by 10% while
maintaining same yarn strength,
Better evenness of diameter and hairiness,
Better abrasion resistance of yarn leading to fewer
breaks in weaving. Loom shed dropping and linting in
knitting are reduced,
Size % reduction 30-50%,&
Singeing can be omitted.
 ADVANTAGES OF BAMBOO OVER COTTON
LOGO
Absorbency of bamboo fiber is 3-4 times more than that of cotton.
Bamboo doesn’t need any pesticides to grow unlike cotton.
 Bamboo takes up dyes easier, which means less dye and water
needs.

In one acre of bamboo yields 10 times more than cotton.

Bamboo fabric is softer than cotton with a texture similar to silk.
 Due to the natural luster of bamboo fiber mercerization not
required.

 Due to the various micro gaps &micro holes in cross section it has
better moisture absorption.
 Processing of bamboo fiber:
LOGO
Pre-wetting:
The fabric is pre wetted with 1% wetting agent at room
temperature for 60 minutes.
Then give one hot wash followed by two cold wash.

Bio-scouring:
Enzyme used :- Bactosol Coip liq
MLR :- 1:40
Conc. of enzyme :- 8.0 gm/lit.
Time :- 60 min
Temperature :- 70o C

Then give one hot wash followed by two cold wash.

LOGO Bleaching:

MLR :- 1:40
H2O2 :- 3 volume
Sodium silicate :- 1%
Soda ash :- 1%
Detergent :- 1%
Time :- 90 min
Temperature :- 90o C

To remove the trace of peroxide proper washing treatment is

carried out. One hot wash followed by one cold wash is given.
 Mercerizing:
LOGO The fabrics of bamboo fibers normally should
not need mercerizing due to their sound luster
and bad anti -alkaline properties. However,
some cases are found in order to increase their
absorbance capacity to dyestuff.

Dyeing :
Ideally use active dyestuffs during dying
process - alkali should not be over 20g/liter,
temperature should not be over 100°C. During
drying process, low temperature and light
tension are applied.
Dyeing with HE brand reactive dyes as well as
natural dyes has been carried out to study the
dyeing behavior of bamboo and its blend.
LOGO Properties of bamboo:

1) Breathable and cool:

 It has unusual breathability and coolness.
 Due to the cross-section of bamboo fiber is filled with
various micro-gaps and micro holes.
 It has much better moisture absorption and
ventilation.
 It can absorb and evaporate human sweat in a split
second.
 It is never sticking to the skin even in hot summer.
 Apparel made from bamboo fiber is know as air-
conditioning dress.
LOGO
2) Green and biodegradable:
The raw material bamboo is well-selected from non-
polluted region.
The whole distilling and producing process in plant is green
process without any pollution.
Most of the companies manufacture bamboo fiber strictly
according to ISO 14000.
It can be 100% biodegraded in soil by microorganism and
sunshine.
LOGO Physical Parameters of bamboo fiber

DESCRIPTION RELATIVE DATA

Dry tensile strength(CN/d tex) 2.33
Wet tensile strength(CN/d tex) 1.37
Dry elongation at break (%) 23.8
Oil content (%) 0.17
Oil stained fiber(mg/100g) 0
Moisture regain (%) 13.03
Rate Grade “A”
LOGO
No. Test Observation
Bamboo Bamboo/Cotton
Dissolve Only bamboo
1 59.5% H2SO4
portion dissolve.

No change at room No change at room

2 Conc. HCl
temperature temperature
disintegrated at disintegration of
elevated temperature. Bamboo
No change at room No change at room
3 Conc HNO3
temperature is temperature ,
integrated at elevated bamboo portion
temperature. disintegrated .
Shrinks and sample Shrinks and turns to
4 Na0H (30%)
turns yellow. Stiffness yellow
increases.
LOGO END-USE OF BAMBOO FIBRE

Mainly used to make midi, night suit, swim wears, etc.

Bamboo intimate apparels include sweaters, bath-suits, mats, blankets,

towels.

bamboo has wide prospects in the field of hygiene materials such as sanitary
napkin, masks, mattress, and food-packing bags due to its anti-bacteria nature.

it has incomparably wide foreground on application in sanitary materials

such as sanitary tower, gauze mask, absorbent pads, and food packing and so
on.

On the medical scope, it can be processed into the products of bamboo fiber
gauzes, operating coat, and nurse dress, etc.
 END PRODUCTS :-

www.themegallery.com Company Logo

 Conclusion:
 Bamboo fiber has higher strength & elongation than cotton fiber.

It show significantly low hairiness.

It possesses some important property like anti-bacterial, anti UV-

protection, coolness, soft handle & better moisture absorption.

Bamboo fiber has a high abrasion-proof capacity and also tenacity.

Thus bamboo clothing is strong and durable.

Bamboo is a kind of fast- growing and renewable resource, which is

cheap and widely available.

It can be 100% biodegraded in soil by microorganism and sunshine.

 References
LOGO
 A Varada Rajuju, G Babu Rao, Indian Journal & Research,
vol.25, December 2000 (page no.295-298)
 Chand N, Sood S, Asian Textile journal 2006, 15 no. 11
November
 K Saravanan & C Prakash , Bamboo fiber & their application in
textile ,Indian textile journal (Vol-117,No.7,page-33 ) April
2007
 G Kamatchi Gayathri & S Krishna Bala, Non-traditional natural
textile fiber, Asian Textile Journal (15, NO.11, Page-63)
November 2006
 Mathur M, Hira M A, The Textile Magazine January 19 vol.10
2008,
LOGO  Bamboo – 21 century eco fiber : Application in towel By:
Dr. Subrata Das
 K. Shrinivasan & C. Krishnan, textile Fibers ,Asian Textile
Journal (18,NO.2,pag51) February 2009
 V.B Gupta and V.K. Kothari ,Manufactured Fiber
Technology. Rayon fibers 17, page-480.
 www.Philexport.ph/ads/bamboo.
 www.bambrotex.com
 www.fiber 2fashion.com
 www.bambrotex.com
LOGO