Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Academic writing
Part 1: IN-TEXT CITATIONS
In-text citations
Reporting Quoting
Introductory
(summary &
phrases (long & short)
paraphrase)
Essential ‘ingredients’
Original Rewritten
The big picture is about Walker and Taylor (1998)
knowledge building: each piece emphasize that the real reason
of reported research adds to why we cite sources we have
the collective construction of consulted is to contribute to the
knowledge. Research serves as creation of shared knowledge.
the foundation on which new The research of others is the
contributions to knowledge are base on which new
built. Without citation, there is understanding is established. If
no reliable and organized we did not cite the work of
system for knowledge building, others, there would be no
no mortar for securing the accepted method “for
foundation. knowledge building” (p.9).
(Written by Walker and Taylor in
1998; the information can be found
on page 9 of the book)
Essential ‘ingredients’
Original Rewritten
The big picture is about Walker and Taylor (1998)
knowledge building: each piece emphasize that the real reason
of reported research adds to why we cite sources we have
the collective construction of consulted is to contribute to the
knowledge. Research serves as creation of shared knowledge.
the foundation on which new The research of others is the
contributions to knowledge are base on which new
built. Without citation, there is understanding is established. If
no reliable and organized we did not cite the work of
system for knowledge building, others, there would be no
no mortar for securing the accepted method “for
foundation. knowledge building” (p.9).
(Written by Walker and Taylor in
1998; the information can be found
on page 9 of the book)
Essential ‘ingredients’
Author’s Year of Introductory
last name publication phrase *
Page
number*
Introductory phrases
Introductory
phrase
Author’s
last name
Author’s Year of
last name publication
http://www.nytimes.com
Special rules
2. Citations for source with neither
page number nor paragraph number
Paragraph
Heading/
number that
Section
follows
n.d. = no date
Special rules
4. Citations for source without author
If the organization
has a familiar
abbreviation,
include it in brackets
1st: (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDDC], 2009)
for the 1st time, and
use abbreviation Later: (CDCP, 2009)
along in later
citations.
Special rules
6. Secondary citations
Satcher is being quoted, and is
the original source included in
the signal (introductory phrase)