CYCLIC SUBGROUPS

Theorem
Let be a group and let . Then
is a subgroup of and is the
smallest subgroup of that contains
contains .
Proof:
 CYCLIC SUBGROUP
Definition
Let be a group and let . Then the
subgroup of is called cyclic
subgroup of generated by , and denoted
by .
 GENERATOR, CYCLIC SUBGROUP
Definition
An element of a group generates
and is a generator for if . A group is
cyclic if there is some element in that
generates .
Example
The group under the operation addition
modulo 4 is cyclic and both 1 and 3 are
generators.
Example
The Klein 4-group V is not cyclic.
Example
The group under addition is cyclic.
Example
For , the group , under addition
modulo is cyclic. If , then both 1 and
are generators, but there may be
others.
Example
Consider the group under addition. Let us
find .
 Elementary Properties off Cyclic
Groups
Theorem
Every cyclic group is abelian.
Proof:
Theorem
A subgroup of a cyclic group is cyclic.
Proof:
Theorem
The intersection of subgroups of group
for is again a subgroup of . Here I may
be any set of indices.
Proof: