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Using the Computer & Managing

File
Chathura Abeysekara
Getting Start computer
mß.Klh ls%hd;aul lsßu'
 m,uqj mß.Klh l%shd;aul lr .eksu ioyd
 mß.Klhg yd fudksgrh ioyd úÿ,sh iïnkaO l, hq;=h
 miqj mß.Klfha iy fudksgrh we;s n, .ekaúfï fnd;a;ï tìu
u.ska th ls%hd;aul lr.eksug yelsh'

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Getting Start computer
mß.Klh ls%hd;aul lsßu

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Getting Start computer
mß.Klh ls%hd;aul lsßu'
 Logging on
 Tnf.a mß.Klh mK .ekajq miq Tng
CTRL+ALT+DELETE h;=re Tnk f,i Wmfoila ,nd foa
túg tu h;=re PRESS lrkak.

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Logging on Windows
úkafvdaia fj; msúisu
 Tn Ctrl+Alt+Delete Press l, miqj úkafvdaia fj;
msúisug wjYHh Tnf.a mßYs,l .sKqfï (user
Account) ys ksje/osj USERNAME and
PASSWORD w;=,;a lrkak
 miqj thg ol=Kq miska we;s B;,h iys; fnd;a;u tìu
u.ska fyda h;=re mqjrefõ tìu ;=,ska Tng
úkafvdaia 7 fj; msúish yel (Press ENTER key
on the keyboard)

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Logging on Windows
úkafvdaia fj; msúisu

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Use Good Password
ksj/È uqrmohla ioyd Wmfoila
 fydo uqrmohla ioyd Tn my; Wmfoia wOHhkh
lrkak
 Tn fhdod.kakd uqrmo Èk 60 lg jrla fjkia lrkak'
 Tn uqrmo ilia lrk úg ta ioyd my; oE we;=,;a lrkak'
 wl=re 6 fyda 8 fhdod.kak ^lemsg,a yd isïm,a wl=re folu
we;=,;a jk mßÈ&'
 wxl tlla fydaa lsysmhla we;=,;a lrkak'
 ixfla; tlla fyda lsysmhla we;=,;a lrkak'
 th myiqfjka u;l ;nd .; yels úh hq;=h'
 Wmka Èk jdyk wxl jeks Tnf.a nyq,j fhdod.kakd f;dr;=re
uqrmo f,i fhdod fkd.kak'

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Windows XP Desktop

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Windows 7 Desktop

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Windows 10 Desktop

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Start Button
 Start button u.ska mß.Klh mßyrKh lrk whg
mß.Klfha mj;sk jevigyka yd úkafvdaia ieliqï
ioyd (Computer programs or configure
Microsoft Windows) myiqfjka msúisug yelsh'

Windows XP Windows 7 Windows 10

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How to open Start Menu
iagd¾Ü fukqj újD; lr.eksu
 Tn iagd¾Ü ngka tl Click lsßu u.ska
iagd¾Ü fukq tl újD; l, yelsh
 h;=re mqjrefõ úkafvdaia lS tl (Windows
key) u.ska fyda Ctrl+Esc h;=re u.ska
iagd¾Ü fukq tl Tmka lr.eksug yelsh'
 miqj Tng wjYHh jevigyka újD; lr .eksu
fyda úkafvdaia ieliqï fj; msúish yel'

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Shut down/Restart my computer
mß.Klh ´ma lsßu yd kej; mk.ekaùu
 shut down
 mß.Klh ksje/Èj Off lsßu ioyd wmg iagd¾Ü fukqfõ
mj;sk shut down or power off myiqlu fhdod.;
hq;=h'
 Restarting
 wm mß.Klhg w¿;ska installing new software fyda
Windows Updates install lr kej; mK.ekaúu u.ska tjd
ksje/Èj l%shd;aul lr .; yelsh'
 Standby or Sleep mode
 fuu myiqlï u.ska Tnf.a mß.Klfha jev fkdlrk wjia:dj,È
mdßfNdackh lrk úÿ,s m%udKh wju lr.; yelsh' kuq;a
wjYHh jq úg blaukska kej; mk.;ajd .; yelsh
 Short Cut for Shutdown ALT+F4
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Shut down/Restart my computer
mß.Klh ´ma lsßu yd kej; mk.ekaùu
 Start Button la,sla lrkak
 tys mj;sk Turn off computer ngka tl la,sla lr
miqj tys mj;sk Shutdown fyda Restart fyda
Standby icon la,sla lrkak

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Windows xp

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Windows 7

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Windows 10

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Start Program
 m,uqj Start Button la,sla lrkak
 miqj Start Menu tl Tmka jk w;r tys Tng
program menu ±l .; yelsh
 ±ka Tng program menu fj; f.dia Tng wjYHh
program fj; ujqih f.k f.dia la,sla lrkak
 ±ka Tng f;dard.;a program tl Tmka jkq we;

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Open Program in Windows XP
Windows Xp ;=,È program Tmka lrk wdldrh

Click Start

All Programs

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Open Program in Windows 7
Windows 7 ;=,È program Tmka lrk wdldrh

Click Start

All Programs

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Open Program in Window 10
Windows 10 ;=,È program Tmka lrk wdldrh

Click Start

All Apps

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Customize Start Manu Item
iagd¾Ü fukq tl wjYHh mßÈ fjkia .ksuq
 iagd¾Ü fukq tl u; rhsÜ la,sla lrkak
 ±ka Tng ,efnk fukqfõ Properties/Setting
f;dard la,sla lrkak
 tysÈ Tng iagd¾Ü fukq tlg wod, ieliqï fjkia lr
.eksug wjYHh myiqlï ±l .; yelsh
 miqj tays we;s customize Button tl la,sla
lrkak túg iagd¾Ü fukqfõ Tng wjYH wdldrhg
fjkial, yelsh

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Customize Start Menu Item

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Add Program to Start Menu
iagd¾Ü fukq tlg Tng wjYHh Program tl;= lsßu
 iagd¾Ü ngka tl la,sla lrkak
 ±ka Tng wjYHh Program tl isf,Ü lr tys Right
click lrkak
 tysÈ Tng Menu tlla Tmka jk w;r ,efnk fukq tl ;=,
pin to start f;darkak
 miqj Tng wjYH tl iagd¾Ü fukq tlg add fõ

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Add Program to Start Menu
iagd¾Ü fukq tlg Tng wjYHh Program tl;= lsßu

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Remove Program from Start Menu
wkjYHh Program iagd¾Ü fukq tflka bj;a lsßu
 iagd¾Ü ngka tl la,sla lrkak
 Tng bj;a lr.eksug wjYH program u; rhsÜ ls,sla
lrkak'
 miqj Tmka jk fukq tl ;=, we;s Unpin to Start
f;dard la,sla lrkak

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Remove Program from Start Menu
wkjYHh Program iagd¾Ü fukq tflka bj;a lsßu

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Change Taskbar in windows 7
 Right Click on the Task bar, a context menu
will appear.
 Click properties in this menu. A dialog box will
appear
 After you can change
 Lock the task bar
 Auto hide the taskbar
 Change taskbar location
 Change taskbar icon size
 Change notification area etc.

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Change Taskbar

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Customize Notification Area
 Click show hidden icon button in
Notification Area
 Click Customize link

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Customize Notification Area

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Change Date and time
 Click on the clock to see a new popup window
 To change the settings for the clock, the date,
and the time, click on "Change date and
time settings".

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Change Date and time

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Change Date and time

 If you want more than one time zone to


appear, click the" Additional Clocks"
tab at the top of the Date and Time
dialogue box:

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Add item for quick access tool
 Drag program icon to task bar and Drop it
 Right click program icon, A menu will appear
after click pin to taskbar
 Right click on Opened program icon on the
taskbar and select pin this program for
taskbar
 Unwanted program on the task bar you can
remove it,
 Right Click on pined program
 Select unpin this program from taskbar

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Toolbars
 You can add Toolbars to your taskbar area. A
toolbar is a list of shortcuts to favourite areas
of your computers.
 Right click the Taskbar to see the following
menu:

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Creating New Toolbars

 At the bottom of the toolbar menu there is an


item for "New toolbar". This allows you to
create a toolbar of your very own:

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User Accounts in Windows 7

 To create a new account, click your


picture on the Start menu:
 This will open up the following screen:
 Click on the link that says "Manage
another account"

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Create User Account

 Click on the link that says "Manage another


account" and you'll see this screen:

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Create Use Account
 So to create a new account, click on the
link "Create a new account", which is
circled in red above. You'll then see a new
screen:

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Create Use Account
 Type a name for the account in the text
box. (We'd just called ours User2.) Keep
it on the default option, Standard user.
Then click the Create Account button at
the bottom. You'll then be taken back to
the account page:

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Create Use Account
 As you can see the new account is
created, along with a random picture (a
balloon, in this case). The Owner account
will still be selected, however. Click on
your new account and you'll be able to
change some settings for it: (password,
Account Type, Picture, etc.…)

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Parental Controls in Windows 7

 When the User Accounts screen appears,


click the link in the bottom left that says
"Parental Controls", circled in red in the
image below:

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Parental Controls in Windows 7

 This will take you to a


screen showing all the
user accounts available:
 Click on the account you'd
like to change, which
is User2 in our case.

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Parental Controls in Windows 7
 Select the option at the top for "On, enforce
current settings". The three options below that
will then become available
 Time limits 
 Games options
 Allow and block specific programs

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Control Panel

 The Control Panel in Windows is a


collection of applets, sort of like tiny
programs,
 that can be used to configure various
aspects of the operating system.
 Open Control Panel in Windows 7
 Click the Start button 
 Click Control Panel from the list in the right
margin.

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Control panel

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Control Panel applets

 Accessibility options (ease of Access)


 Allows users to configure the accessibility of their PC.
It comprises various settings primarily aimed at users
with disabilities or hardware problems.
 Add New Hardware (Hardware and Sound)
 Launches a wizard which allows users to add new
hardware devices to the system. This can be done by
selecting from a list of devices or by specifying the
location of the driver installation files.
 Administrative Tools (System and Security)
 Contains tools for system administration, including
security, performance and service configuration.
These are links to various configurations of the
Microsoft Management Console.

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Control Panel applets

 Add or Remove Programs


 The Add/Remove Programs dialog allows the
user to manipulate software installed on the
system in a number of ways.
 Allows users to uninstall and change existing
software packages.
 Allows users to manually install software from a 
CD-ROM or Floppy Disk, and etc.
 Allows users to change which Windows
components are installed (Internet Explorer,
Windows Media Player and Windows Messenger)
 allows users to specify the default applications for
certain tasks

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Control Panel applets

 Automatic Updates
 Date and Time
 Allows user to change the date and time stored in
the machine's BIOS, change the time zone and
specify whether to synchronize the date and time
with an Internet Time Server and which server to
use.
 Display (Appearance & Personalization)
 Allows the user to change the display
characteristics of their computer.
 change the desktop background (wallpaper)
 change or disable the screensaver.
 specify the color styles of all elements within the system
 Allows the user to change the screen resolution and color
quality
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Control Panel applets

 Network and Internet Connections


 Displays and allows the user to edit or create
network connections such as Local Area
Networks (LAN) and internet connections. It
also offers troubleshooting functions in case
the computer has to be reconnected to the
network.
 User Accounts
 Allows the user to configure their account
and other accounts used in the system

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Change Wallpaper/Screen Server/
Color and Sound
 Right-click a blank part of the desktop
and choose Personalize.

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Add Wallpaper
 Click the Desktop Background option
along the window’s bottom left corner.

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Add Wallpaper

 Click any of the pictures, and Windows 7


quickly places it onto your desktop’s
background
 Click the Browse button and click a file from
inside your personal Pictures folder
 Adjust the way the picture looks using the
Picture Position option. Fill and Fit options for
enlarging small photos
 Click Save Changes and exit the Desktop
Background window when you’re satisfied
with your choices.
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For Quick Wallpaper Change

 Right-click any photo in your Pictures folder


and choose Set as Desktop Background.

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Add Screen Server

 Open the Control Panel.


 In the Control Panel window, click
Appearance and Personalization.
 Under Personalization click Change screen
saver.
 In the window that opens (shown below), under
the Screen saver section, click the down arrow on
the right side of the first box.

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Add Screen Server

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Show System Information

 Type "System Information" in Start Menu


search box, and select "System Information"
from Start Menu search results.
 Type “dxdiag” in Start menu search box and
Select DXDIAG.
 Right Click on Computer (File Explore) and
select Properties in the menu

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System Information

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System Information

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File/Folder Management
o;a; yd f.dkq l<ukdlrKh

 File Management hkq Windows Vista/7 jeo.;a u ld¾hhls‘


 wmg File
 Management lr.eksu ioyd Windows Explorer/File Expolre
jevigyk fhdod.eksug yelsh'
 wmg Windows Explorer u.ska wmf.a mß.Klfha .nvd lr
we;s Files ^o;a; f;dr;=re& wmg wjYHh mßÈ l,ukdlrKh l,
yelsh ^organized and to copy, move, and rename etc.)
 fuu jevigyk ;=,È Tng mß.Klhfha o;a; .nvd lßu ioyd
iïnkaO lr we;s Wmdx. (Hard Drive/DVD/Floppy/Pen Drive) yd
file /oúu ioyd fhdod.kakd folder yd tu folder ;=, we;s file
±l .; yelsh
 .
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Drive, Folder and Files
 mß.Klfha jevigykla fhdodf.k hï ldrHhla l, Tn th
miqj m%fhdackhg .eksug th save lr ;nd .eksug
yelsh' tfia Save lr ;nd .kakd oE File f,iska
yÿkajhs'
 tysÈ Tn m,uqj Tnf.a File tl save l, hq;= .nvd
Wmdx.h (Storage Device) tl f;dard.; hq;=h' wm tu
Wmdx.h Drive tl f,i yÿkajkq ,nhs'
 ±ka Drive tl ;=, Tng Files fjkalr yÿkd.eksug
yelsjk f,i ms,sj,lg .nvd lr .eksug folder
fhdod.kq ,nhs tysÈ Tng wjYHh mßÈ Folder
ks¾udKh lr ta ;=, Tng File .nvd l, yelsh'

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Drives
 Typical Drives
 A: or B:  Floppy Disk
 C:  Local Hard Drive
 D:  CD Drive
 E-Z for removable drives like memory sticks

 fuhg wu;rj Drive j, fldgia (Partition of a device)


ioyd wl=re ±lsh yel'

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Partitions

 Partitions hkq fN!;sj mß.Klh ;=, mj;sk Drive tlla


fkdj' th mß.Klh ;=, mj;sk tla .ndvd Wmdx.hla
(Drive) tlla fldgia lsysmhlg fnod bka fldgila
yÿkaúu ioyd fhdod.kq ,nk fohls
 my; rEm igyk u.ska mß.Klfha mj;sk Hard Drive tfla
partition ;=kla ±lsh yelsh' C: yd D: yd E: f,iska

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Partitions

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File Directories and Folders
 iEu Drive tlla ;=,u files folder .nvd lr we;' wm tu file .nvd
lr we;s ms,sj, directory f,iska yÿkajkq ,nhs'
 Root directory (like “C:\”)
 Subdirectory
 Depicted as folders

 Examples:
 Root directory D:\ is the root of the D drive
 Subdirectory C:\Program Files\Madura\notes.txt

 fuh File path tl f,iska wm jHjdydr lrkq ,nhs

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File Management
 Hierarchical structure of directories:
 Drives
 Folders
 and more Folders …
 Files

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File Management Metaphors

 Tree Metaphor
 Root, branches, leaves

 Filing Cabinet Metaphor


 Drivers, Folders, Files

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File

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Filename Extensions
 Extension Type of Document Application
.doc or .docx Word processing Microsoft Word
document
.xls or .xlsx Workbook Microsoft Excel
.ppt or .pptx PowerPoint presentation MS PowerPoint
.accdb Database Microsoft Access
.gif, .jpg, Images Windows Image
.png Viewer
.mp4, .mp3 Videos, audio Windows Media
.zip Compressed file WinZip
.pdf Portable Document Adobe Acrobat
Format
.htm or .html Web page Hypertext Markup
Language

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Open File Explorer In Windows
Windows Explorer Tmka lr.eksu

 h;=re mqjrefõ (Key Board) ys Win+E tljr press


tìu u.ska fyda
 Windows  Start menu tflys windows explore or
file explorer f,i ghsma lr fiúu u.ska ,efnk m
%;sM,h la,sla lr fyda
 Taskbar tlg ,ndf.k Windows Explorer (File
Explorer) Shortcut we;s la,sla lr fyda
 Desktop tlg ,ndf.k Windows Explorer (File
Explorer) Shortcut we;s la,sla lr fyda wmg
 Windows Explorer (File Expolrer) Tmka lr
.eksug yelsh

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Folder Hierarchy in Windows 7/Vista
Windows Explorer ilia j we;s wdldrh

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Folder Hierarchy Personal Folder
Personal Folder tl ilia j we;s wdldrh

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Windows 7 Organize Menu
 file management myiqlï fndfyduhla Organize
Button la,sla lr ,nd .eksug yelsh' WodyrKhla
f,i wmg File explore ys fmkqu fjkia lr.eksu my;
mshjr wkq.ukh l, yelsh

Organize>Layout
 tu.ska fmkqug wod, myiqlï ,nd .eksu yd
bj;a lsßu l, yelsh
 Navigation pane
 Manu bar
 Details pane
 Preview pane
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Windows 7 Organize Menu

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Create New Folder
kj;u Folder tlla ielisu
 mhs,a ms,sj,lg .nvd lr.eksug m%:u Tn úiska folder
and sub-folders ks¾udkh l, hq;=h' ta ioyd my; l%u
Tng Ndú;d l, yel
 Method 1 :File Menu
 mhs,a fukq fj; f.dia tys New fj; f.dia New Folder f;darkak
file menu >New >New Folder
 Method 2 : Organize Menu
 Organize > New Folder
 Method 3 : Right Click
 rhsÜ la,sla lr ,efnk fukqj ;=, New fj; ujqih f.k f.dia New
Folder f;darkak
 Method 4 : Key Board Short cut
 Ctrl+Shift+New
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RENAME A FOLDER
Folder tll ku fjkia lsßu
 Tn ilia l, fmd,av¾ tll ku fjkia l, yel' th my; mßÈ
l, yel'
 Method 1 : wod, file or folder tl select lr
Rename f;darkak
 File Menu > Rename.
 Method 2: wod, file or folder tl u; Right click
,efnk fukqfõ Rename f;darkak.
 Method 3 : wod, file or folder tl Select lr
h;=re mqjrefõ F2 Function key tl press lrkak

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DELETE A FOLDER
wkjYH file or folder bj;a lsßu
 Tng wjYHh TkEu wjia:djl wkjYHh file or folder
deleted l, yelsh ta ioyd my; l%u fhdod.; yel
 Method 1 : wod, file or folder tl delete lr f;darkak
 File Menu > Delete
 Method 2 : wod, file or folder tl u; Right
click ,efnk fukqfõ Delete f;darkak
 Method 3 : wod, file or folder tl Select lr
h;=re mqjrefõ Delete tl press lrkak
 Method 4 : ßihsl,a ìka fj; fkdf.dia
iïmq¾Kfhkau wod, file or folder tl Delete
lr.eksug Shift+Delete Key fhdod.kak

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Restore Deleted file from Recycle bin
Delete l, file or folder tlla kej; ;snq ;ek msysgqúu

 Recycle Bin tl újD; lr.kak ^ desktop we;s


Recycle Bin tl Double Clicklrkak&
 ±ka Tng wjYH file or folder f;dardf.k ta u;
Right Click lr restore f;darkak
 ±ka Tn deletel, file or folder kej; ;snq ;eku m
%;sia:dmkh fõ.

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Copy, Cut & Paste
 Tnf.a mß.Klfha .nvd lr we;s original file, folder
tlla fyda lsysmhl msgm;a ;j;a ;eklg f.khdug wjYH
jq úg wm th Copy lrf.k f.khd yel
 Tnf.a mß.Klfha .nvd lr we;s file, folder tlla fyda
lsysmhla ;sfnk ;ekska fjk;a ;eklg f.khdug wjYH jq
úg wm th Cut lrf.k f.khd yel' fuysÈ wmf.a file,
folder ;sfnk ;ekska bj;a ù kj ia:dkhg .uka lrhs
 ±ka Tn copy or cut lr.;a file, folder Tng wjYH
;ekg f.dia msysgqjd .eksu ioyd Paste lrkak

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Copy, Cut & Paste

 m,uqj file folder select lrkak


 fojkqj select l, file folder u; Right Click lrkak
 ±ka Tng ,efnk fukqfõ copy or cut f;darkak
 miqj Tng file folder msysgqjd .; hq;= ia:dkhg
f.dia Paste lrkak

 Short cut
 Copy ctrl+C
 Cut ctrl+X
 Paste ctrl+V

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Hide Folders

 Open File Explorer (any folder) and go


to Tools > Folder options…
 Within Folder Options switch to
the View tab.
 Under Files and Folders find the
option Hidden files and folders and
select Don’t show hidden files, folders, or
drives.
 Click OK and, with the next few steps,
proceed to hiding a folder.

82 Chathura Abeysekara |
abeysekara.wgack@gmail.com
83 Chathura Abeysekara |
abeysekara.wgack@gmail.com
Hide Folder

 Right-click the folder you want to hide and


select Properties.
 In the General tab check the option
called Hidden.
 Go to Advanced… to change Archive and
Index attributes; you might want to block
indexing of the folder contents.
 Click OK to save your changes.

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abeysekara.wgack@gmail.com
85 Chathura Abeysekara |
abeysekara.wgack@gmail.com
Make Folders Invisible

 Right-click your folder and select Properties.


 Switch to the Customize tab and click
the Change Icon… button.
 Several blank icons can be found in the
default Windows 7 icon collection. Find one,
select it and click OK.

86 Chathura Abeysekara |
abeysekara.wgack@gmail.com
87 Chathura Abeysekara |
abeysekara.wgack@gmail.com
hide the folder name:

 Select the questionable folder and click F2.


 Then hold the ALT key while typing the
numbers 0160 using the number pad.
 Hit Enter and the folder name should be
gone.

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abeysekara.wgack@gmail.com
File and Folder Arrangement

 how to change and organize the file and folder


arrangements in a opened folder
using Arrange by, Sort by, or Group
by folder views in Windows 7.
 Step 1 : Open the Windows Explorer folder
 Step 2 :  Click on the View menu bar item
and select either the Sort By or Group
by arrangement options.

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abeysekara.wgack@gmail.com
Sort & Group

90 Chathura Abeysekara |
abeysekara.wgack@gmail.com
change Folder option

 Open File Explore


 Click the Tool Menu in File Explorer and then
click the Folder Options button

91 Chathura Abeysekara |
abeysekara.wgack@gmail.com
92 Chathura Abeysekara |
abeysekara.wgack@gmail.com
Zip and unzip files
(Compressed & Extract)
 Zipped (compressed) files take up less storage
space and can be transferred to other
computers more quickly than uncompressed
files. In Windows, you work with zipped files
and folders in the same way that you work
with uncompressed files and folders. Combine
several files into a single zipped folder to
more easily share a group of files.

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abeysekara.wgack@gmail.com
Zip and unzip files
(Compressed & Extract)
 Locate the file or folder that you want to zip.
 Press and hold (or right-click) the file or folder,
select (or point to) Send to, and then
select Compressed (zipped) folder.
 A new zipped folder with the same name is
created in the same location. To rename it,
press and hold (or right-click) the folder,
select Rename, and then type the new name.

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Zip (Compressed)

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abeysekara.wgack@gmail.com
To unzip (extract) files or folders from a
zipped folder
 Locate the zipped folder that you want to
unzip (extract) files or folders from.
 Do one of the following:
 To unzip a single file or folder, open the zipped
folder, then drag the file or folder from the zipped
folder to a new location.
 To unzip all the contents of the zipped folder, press
and hold (or right-click) the folder, select Extract
All, and then follow the instructions.

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abeysekara.wgack@gmail.com
Unzip (Extract)

97 Chathura Abeysekara |
abeysekara.wgack@gmail.com
Compressed Software List
 WinZip
 WinRar
 7Zip
 Hamster Zip Archiver
 Compressor
 Gzip
 PeaZip
 Archive Utility
 KGB Archiver
 bzip2

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abeysekara.wgack@gmail.com

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