Process

KKS (Kraftwerk-Kennzeichen System)

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 Type of Code
The KKS has three different types of codes, which can
be used together or separately. These codes are:
1. The Process Related Code
As example there are pipes, pumps, valves, motors etc.
2. The Point of Installation Code
Identification of points of installation of electrical and control.
3. The Location Code
Identification of various structures, such as dams, tunnels,
buildings, floors, rooms and fire areas

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 Process Related Code
00 MJV 54 BR 001

No 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Type N N A A A N N A A N N N
Unit System Equipment
Definition System Code Number
Number Code Number
Example 0 0 M J V 5 4 B R 0 0 1
Lubricant System
Main Equipment
Explanation General Supply Number
Pipe Number 1
System 54

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 Mechanical Equipment
AA = Valves BR = Piping
AT = Cleaning, Drying BB = Storage Equipment (Tanks)
AC = Heat Exchangers BE = Shafts
AG = Generator Units BQ = Hanger, Supports
AP = Pump Units BS = Silencers

Identification of System

MJV = Lubricant Supply System MJV = Lubricant Supply System

MJN = Fuel System MJN = Fuel System
GCN = Chemical Supply System GCN = Chemical Supply System
GDB = Filtering GDB = Filtering
GDJ = Cooling System GDJ = Cooling System

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Work Flow

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Heat Mass
PFD P&ID Routing
Balance

Process Line Sizing

Data Sheet Calculation

Process Engineer

Mechanical Piping Engineer

Data Sheet
Mechanical Engineer

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 Heat Mass Balance
Heat and mass balance is a document produced by process
engineers. Normally a heat and mass balance sheet reports
following data for a process stream :
1. Normal Operating Temperature
2. Normal Operating Pressure
3. Density and Viscosity
4. Mass Flow rate
5. Vapor fraction
6. Molecular weight
7. Enthalpy flow
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 Process Data Sheet
A Process Data Sheet is generally relates to a single item of
equipment and contains the essential process data for
initiating the detail design of an item. A Process Equipment
Data contains :
1. Overall size
2. Approximate Geometry
3. Material of Construction
4. Full Range of Operating Conditions
• Minimum Design Temp, Maximum Design Temp, Operating Temp
• Hydrodynamic Press, Maximum Design Press, Operating Press

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 Mechanical Data Sheet
A Mechanical Data Sheet is developed by the
mechanical engineer after a process engineer
provided the equipment process data sheets. Then the
process data sheet developed into mechanical details
including equipment sizes and detail information for
each equipment item, and detailed sized equipment
list.

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 PFD
A process flow diagram (PFD) is a diagram commonly used in
chemical and process that displays the relationship between
major equipment of a plant facility and does not show minor
details such as piping details and designations. PFD Contains :
1. Major equipment items
2. Connections with other systems
3. Major bypass and recirculation (recycle) streams
4. Operational data (temperature, pressure, mass flow rate,
density, etc.).
5. Process stream names
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 Line Sizing Calculation
The optimum pipe size should be based on minimizing
the sum of energy cost and piping cost. However,
velocity limitations causing erosion or corrosion must
be taken into consideration.

Reynolds Number

Laminar : Re < 2000

𝑑𝑣𝜌
Re = Transition : 2000 < Re < 4000
𝜇
Turbulent : Re > 4000

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 P&ID
A piping and instrumentation diagram (P&ID) is a detailed
diagram in the process industry which shows the piping and
vessels in the process flow, together with the instrumentation
and control devices. They usually contain the following
information:
• Pipe classes or piping line numbers
• Flow directions
• Valves and their identifications
• Permanent start-up, flush and bypass lines
• Control inputs and outputs (sensors and final elements,
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 Symbol in P&ID
Pump & Compressor
Valve

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Terima Kasih

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