SCHRAGE MOTOR

Abhishek O
AM.EN.U4EEE15002
WHAT IS SCHRAGE MOTOR ?

● It is a rotor-fed shunt type brush shifting 3

phase induction motor which has built in
arrangement for speed control and power
factor improvement.
● It has 3 windings : Two in rotor and one in
stator.
● Designed by Mr. H.K. Schrage - Swedish
Engineer in 1911
CONSTRUCTION

3 WINDINGS :
● Primary Winding : placed in the lower part of the rotor. 3 Ø supply at line
frequency is fed through slip rings and brushes . This generates the working flux
of the machine.
● Regulating Winding : Placed on the upper part of the slots of the rotor. Also
known as compensating or tertiary winding. It is connected to commutator similar
to that of a DC machine
● Secondary winding : contained in the stator slots. Each winding is connected to
a pair of brushes arranged on the commutator. Brushes are mounted on brush
rockers. These are designed to move in opposite directions.
WORKING

● The primary energized with line frequency voltage. Transformer action occurs
between primary and regulating winding. Induction motor action occurs between
primary and secondary windings.
● Commutator acting as a frequency converter converts line frequency voltage of
regulating winding to slip frequency voltage and feeds the same to secondary
winding on the stator.
● When primary is energized synchronously rotating field in clockwise direction is
set up in the rotor core. Assume that the brushes are short circuited through
commutator segment i.e. the secondary is short circuited. Rotor still at rest, the
rotating field cuts the stationary secondary winding, induces an e.m.f. The stator
current produce its own field. This stator field reacts with the rotor field thus a
clockwise torque produced in the stator. Since the stator cannot rotate, as a
reaction, it makes the rotor rotate in the counter clockwise direction.
SPEED CONTROL
● Speed of Schrage Motor can be obtained above and below
Synchronous speed by changing the Brush position.

● Fig. (i) : Brush pair on the same commutator segment i.e. the
secondary winding short circuited and the machine operates as a
induction motor with small positive slip.
● Fig (ii) : Brushes parted in one direction which produces sub-
synchronous speed because the regulating voltage injected into
secondary opposes the voltage induced in it from the primary.
● Fig (iii) : When the movement of the brushes is reversed and
parted in opposite direction the machine goes to super
synchronous speed.

Schrage motors are capable of speed regulations from zero to

nearly twice the synchronous speed.
POWER FACTOR IMPROVEMENT

● This can be obtained by changing the phase angle of the injected voltage into
the secondary winding. In this case one set of brushes is advanced more rapidly
than the other set
● When one set of brushes is advanced more faster than other is retarted , the
injected voltage has a component which leads the rotor induced voltage hence
improvement of power factor

● This differential movement of brush sets is obtained by coupling the racks

driving the brush rockers to the hand wheel with gears.
 ADVANTAGES
● Good Speed Regulation.
● High p.f. for high speed setting.
● High efficiency at all speeds except NS
DISADVANTAGES
● Operating voltage has to be limited to
700V because the power is to be
supplied through slip rings.
● Low p.f. at low speed settings.
● Poor commutation.
● High Cost.

APPLICATIONS
Can be applied to any individual drive requiring
Variable speed. Especially in
• Hoisery knitting & Ring spinning m/cs.
• Cranes & Hoists
• Fans & Centrifugal Pumps
• Printing Machinery
• Conveyors, Packing machinery & Paper Mills
THANK YOU !