CARDIOMYOPATHIES

Dept./SMF Kardiologi dan Kedokteran Vaskular

 CARDIOMYOPATHIES
• The term originates from the Greek :
1. Cardio : heart
2. Myo : muscle
3. Pathy: disorder/ disease

• Definition :
 Cardiomyopathies are a diverse set of the heart muscle
disorders that cause mechanical and/or electrical dysfunction
of the myocardium.
Cardiomyopathies
Dilated cardiomyopathy

Hyperthropic cardiomyopathy

Restrictive cardiomyopathy
 DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY
(DCM)

• Is characterized by dilatation and impaired contraction of one

or both ventricles.
• The presenting manifestation can include heart failure, atrial
and/or ventricle arrhythmias, thromboemboli, and sudden
death.
PATOPHYSIOLOGY OF DCM
 HYPERTROPHIC
CARDIOMYOPATHY (HCM)
• Is characterized by hypertrophy of the left ventricle and
occasionally of the right ventricle, often asymmetrical, and
interventricular septum more thickness than the other
myocardium.
• Left ventricular volume is reduced or normal. Clinically
manifestation include breathlessness, arrhythmias, and sudden
death.
ETIOLOGY OF HCM
PATOPHYSIOLOGY OF HCM
 RESTRICTIVE
CARDIOMYOPATHY

• Is characterized by impaired ventricular filling because

restrictive of myocardium.

• The presenting manifestation can include heart failure.

MYOCARDITIS
 DEFINITION
• Myocarditis refers to • Mechanism of heart muscle
inflammation of the heart damaged include:
muscle. • Direct invasion to the
• Can be impact to : heart muscle.
• Myocite • Toxin
• Intertitial • Imunological process
• Vascular
• Pericardium
• Heart muscle damaged
caused by viral through
imunological process
reaction.
 ETIOLOGY

• Virus • Drug intoxication

• Enterovirus • Diphtheria
• Adenovirus
• Rheumatic fever
• Bacterial
• Tuberculosis
• Fungal
• Parasite
 EPIDEMIOLOGI

• Myocarditis
• Most commonly cause of sudden cardiac death, approximately
20% from all cases, in adult < 40 years old.

• Prospective & retrospective study

• Post mortem analysis
• Heart muscle inflammation between 1-9 % cases.
 HISTOLOGY

• Dallas criteria
• Histology features demonstrated limphocyte and monocyte
infiltration.
 PATHOLOGY

• Pathology features
• Variety in microscopies or macroscopies.

• Heart muscle damaged

• Focal or diffuse
•THANK YOU