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by
Helen Hanson &
John Macaluso
lecturePLUS Timberlake 1
Density
Density is the ratio of the mass of an object to
its volume
D = mass = m
volume V
Units are g/cm3
Note: 1 mL = 1 cm3
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Learning Check 1
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Solution
Placing the mass and volume of the osmium metal
into the density setup, we obtain
D = mass = 50.00 g
volume 2.22cm3
= 22.5225 g/cm3
= 22.52 g/cm3
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Volume Displacement
A solid displaces a matching volume of water
when the solid is placed in water.
33 mL
25 mL 25 mL
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Learning Check 2
What is the density (g/cm3) of 48 g of a metal if
the metal raises the level of water in a graduated
cylinder from 25 mL to 33 mL?
1) 0.2 g/ cm3 2) 6 g/m3 3) 252 g/cm3
33 mL
25 mL
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Solution
2) 6 g/cm3
Volume (mL) of water displaced
= 33 mL - 25 mL = 8 mL
Volume of metal (cm3)
= 8 mL x 1 cm3 = 8 cm3
1 mL
Density of metal =
mass = 48 g = 6 g/cm3
volume 8 cm3
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Methods for Finding Volume
The density can also be found by
calculating the volume of an object and
measuring its mass.
height
V=(length)(width)(height)
width
length
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Density of a Cylinder
What is the density of a cylinder with a
mass of 250.0g, a radius of 2.0 cm, and a
height of 10.0 cm?
r
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Density of a Cylinder
Vcylinder = лr2h = л x 5 x 5 x 10 (cm)(cm)(cm)
= 250л cm3 r
r = radius h
h = height D = 250/(250л) g/cm3
D = m/V D =1/л g/cm3
m = 250.0 g D = 0.318 g/cm3
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Why Do Things Float?
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Learning Check 3
Which diagram represents the liquid layers in
the cylinder?
(K) Karo syrup (1.4 g/mL), (V) vegetable oil
(0.91 g/mL,) (W) water (1.0 g/mL)
1) 2) 3)
V W K
W K V
K V W
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Solution
(K) Karo syrup (1.4 g/mL), (V) vegetable oil
(0.91 g/mL,) (W) water (1.0 g/mL)
1)
V
W
K
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Density as Conversion Factors
A substance has a density of 3.8 g/mL.
Conversion factors:
3.8 g and 1 mL
1 mL 3.8 g
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Density Connections
Mass Volume
kg L
g mL (cm3)
mg
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Learning Check
The density of octane, a component of
gasoline, is 0.702 g/mL. What is the
mass, in kg, of 875 mL of octane?
1) 0.614 kg
2) 614 kg
3) 1.25 kg
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Solution
1) 0.614 kg
Unit plan: mL g kg
Equalities: 1 mL = 0.702 g and 1 kg = 1000 g
Setup:
1) 0.548 L
2) 1.25 L
3) 1.83 L
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Solution
1) Unit Plan: g mL L
575 g x 1 mL x 1 L = 0.548 L
1.05 g 1000 mL
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Learning Check
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Solution
1) 1.0 L
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Learning Check
25 g Al 45 g of gold 75 g of Lead
2.70 g/mL 19.3 g/mL 11.3 g/mL
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Solution
1) 25 g Al x 1 mL = 9.2 mL
2.70 g
25 g Al
2.70 g/mL
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