LANDSCAPE

ARCHITECTURE
ANDREW GRANT
CONTENTS
• ABOUT THE ARCHITECT
• NOTABLE PROJECTS
• DESIGN IDEOLOGY
• PROJECTS
1 - GARDENS BY THE BAY
• BIBLIOGRAPHY

COMPILED BY HARI PRASAD M /HRITHIN C /ISAM ANAS /SAI ARAVIND

 ABOUT THE ARCHITECT

GARDENS BY THE BAY INSTITUTE OF TECH.

EDUCATION

NOTABLE
• Studied Landscape Architecture at
Heriot-Watt University/Edinburgh PROJECTS
College of Art, 1977-1982. AFINITI MEDANI BRISTOL HARBOURSIDE
• Andrew formed Grant Associates to
explore the emerging frontiers of
landscape architecture within
sustainable development. Each of his
projects responds to the place, its
inherent ecology and its people.
• He is known for a creative approach
to ecological sustainable
landscape design and the integration
of landscape with engineering and
GARDENS BY THE BAY
Project: Gardens by the Bay
Location: Marina Bay, Singapore
Designers: Grant Associates
Area: 54 hectares on its first phase
(a total of 101 hectares)
Client: National Parks Board
Completed Date: June 2012
Architects: Wilkinson Eyre
Architects
Engineers: Atelier One, Atelier Ten
Quantity Surveyors: Davis
Langdon And Seah
Collaborators: Thomas Matthews
Location: Singapore
Project Value: £500 Million
Mr Grant, 54, recalled: "Right at the
beginning, I did sketches to show
how the energy cycles in the
gardens should relate with its
water cycles and rainfall patterns.
My challenge to my design team
was for them to find efficient and
environmentally friendly
relationships between the gardens'
buildings and its landscape."
GARDENS BY THE BAY
Gardens by the Bay -- that is an
initiative from Singapore's National Parks
Board that sees the cultivation of flora and
fauna from foreign lands.

A Fusion of Nature and Technology

Taking inspiration from the form of the
orchid, Grant Associates’ masterplan is a
rich fusion of nature, technology and
environmental management. Stunning
architectural structures are combined with
a wide variety of horticultural displays,
daily light and sound shows, lakes, forests,
event spaces and a host of dining and
retail offerings. The whole plan has an
intelligent environmental infrastructure,
allowing endangered plants, which could
not normally grow in Singapore to flourish,
GARDENS BY THE BAY

BASIC DESIGN IDEA

• The project, comprising three separate gardens covering a total of 101 hectares was
central to the government’s visionary plan to transform the city-state into a City-in-
a-Garden. Wilkinson Eyre’s brief was to design an architectural icon, a horticultural
attraction and a showcase for sustainable technology at the heart of the Gardens at
Bay South.
• Their response was the Cooled Conservatory Complex. The two main
conservatory structures are among the largest climate-controlled glasshouses in the
world, covering an area in excess of 20,000m², and showcase the flora of those
environments most likely to be affected by climate change: in the Flower Dome, the
cool-dry Mediterranean zone; and in the Cloud Forest, the cool-wet tropical montane.
GARDENS BY THE BAY

CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT
GARDENS BY THE BAY
GARDENS BY THE BAY
DESIGN PROGRESS –INTIAL STAGE
GARDENS BY THE BAY
DESIGN PROGRESS – FINAL
DEVELOPMENT
GARDENS BY THE BAY
SUPER
TREES
The Supertrees were conceived
as a fusion of nature, art and
technology and, as such, are
emblematic of the master plan
approach.The colossal solar-
powered supertrees are found in
the Bay South garden as a part of
this 250-acre landscaping
project.
The man-made mechanical forest
consists of 18 supertrees that act
as vertical gardens, generating
solar power, acting as air venting
ducts for nearby conservatories,
and collecting rainwater. To
generate electricity, 11 of the
supertrees are fitted with solar
photovoltaic systems that
convert sunlight into energy,
which provides lighting and aids
water technology within the
conservatories below.
GARDENS BY THE BAY SUPER
TREES

Owing to the flat site, to create a sense of depth to the composition 6 height ranges (25 to 50m).
Twelve of the Supertrees and walkway are in the Supertree Grove with two clusters of three by the
Arrivals Square and Dragonfly Lake. Two of the Supertrees are connected by a 128m long 22m high
aerial walkway suspended above ground. The 50m Supertree has a bar that offers panoramic views
of Marina Bay.
During the day the Supertree canopies provide shade, at night the Supertrees awaken with lighting
and music that activate the Supertree Grove. Given the relatively short time span to create a garden
from reclaimed land, the Supertrees provide a visual counter point to the cooled conservatories
within the Gardens.
GARDENS BY THE BAY
SUPER
TREES

The structural engineers developed the super trees, to deliver a visually and structurally complex design,
comprising 5 major components: canopy skin, trunk skin, core, planting and aerial walkway.

Running vertically through the centre of each Supertree is a concrete column designed to carry the Supertree
lattice or ‘skin’. The core is in turn capped with a ‘head’ to conceal a range of M&E equipments.

The skin is separated into two sections; each defined by a series of branching members. The lightweight canopy
skin employs a conic form to give strength and provide shade whilst the trunk skin flares towards the ground giving
the appearance of rootedness. The canopies and core heads were assembled at ground level and hoisted by a
hydraulic jack into place. The trunk skin was formed into bays and lifted into position by crane.
GARDENS BY THE BAY
GARDENS BY THE BAY
SUPER
TREES
GARDENS BY THE BAY
COOLED
CONSERVATORIES

The challenge of creating these conservatory

environments under glass was a fundamental
driver of the design. Working with the team, each
conservatory has a composite structure
composed of a grid shell, which works in tandem
with an external superstructure of radially
arranged, arched steel ribs.

These were introduced primarily to address the

lateral loads to the grid shell, although they also
give the conservatories their distinctive organic
identity. In 2012 the cooled conservatories were
named World Building of the Year and in 2013 the
project received the prestigious RIBA Lubetkin
Prize.
GARDENS BY THE BAY
COOLED
CONSERVATORIES
Practical completion date: Jun 2012
Building Information: Conservatories
Gross area: Cool-Dry Conservatory
(The Flower Dome) 12,800 sqm
Cool-Wet Conservatory (The Cloud
Forest) 7,300 sqm
Envelope: Low-e coated glazing,
Automated retractable fabric shades

The glass and steel cooled

conservatories bring the climates and
plant life of Mediterranean and Cloud
Forest regions to tropical Singapore.
Highlights of the attraction include an
indoor waterfall, a perpetually
flowering meadow, cascading levels
of vertical planting and high level
walkways through and above the
tree canopy.
The curvilinear conservatory structures
have been designed with sustainability
as a starting point, with every
consideration given to passive climate
GARDENS BY THE BAY
COOLED
CONSERVATORIES
 The cooled
GARDENS BY THE BAY conservatories jointly
enclose an area of
COOLED over 20,000 sqm and
reach a height of 58
CONSERVATORIES metres above the
shore of the bay. Bay
South Garden is built
on reclaimed land
and, in the absence of
a natural landscape,
the conservatories are
landmarks that
prominently address
both the bay and the
skyscrapers of
densely urban
districts that will
surround the garden.

MPUTER CONTROLLED SHADING AND CARBON COOLING

GARDENS BY THE BAY
COOLED
CONSERVATORIES
GARDENS BY THE BAY
COOLED Working out how to cool the
conservatories was a two-fold
CONSERVATORIES process. First was managing the
solar gain while balancing the
horticultural requirements. The
project team developed a
retractable shading device for
the glass- and steel-arched
gridshells, combined with high-
performance glazing that lets in
more light than heat to keep the
cooling loads in check. Second
was working out how to use
fresh air to cool the
conservatories without wasting
energy.

The innovative solution was to

use large quantities of liquid
desiccant to help dehumidify the
air in the biomes. The process
absorbs moisture from the air,
evaporated it outside the
conservatories, and recycling the
desiccant. The primary heat
source used to evaporate the
water comes from a superheated
steam biomass boiler that drives
the CHP system.
GARDENS BY THE BAY
COOLED
CONSERVATORIES
Another energy-saver is the
strategy of cooling only the lower
levels – thermal stratification –thus
reducing the volume of air to be
cooled. Ground cooling by chilled
water pipes cast within the floor
slabs enables cool air to settle at
the lower occupied zone while the
warm air rises and is vented out at
high levels. The primary energy
source for the entire development is
5,000 tons of waste wood per
month three million trees in
Singapore’s streets and parks.

The responsive skin is described by

the architects as, “like a series of
sails unfurling from the primary
supporting structure of the
conservatory.” Each triangle unfurls
from one arch to another and, when
completely rolled out, the shading
system resembles a giant pinecone.
These retractable sails open
automatically to provide shade to
the plants when it gets too hot.
GARDENS BY THE BAY
BIBLIOGRAPHY
• https://archi.ru/world/23695/oranzherei-dlya-tropicheskogo-klimata
• http://
www.solaripedia.com/13/416/6630/solar_supertrees_cellular_paving_drawing.html
• https://
landarchs.com/gardens-by-the-bay-has-changed-the-way-we-look-at-landscape-archite
cture-forever
• https://stateofbuildings.sg/places/gardens-by-the-bay
• http://ifonlysingaporeans.blogspot.in/2012/10/the-man-behind-supertrees.html
• http://grant-associates.uk.com/projects/gardens-by-the-bay-cooled-conservatories /
• http://worldlandscapearchitect.com/landscape-architect-profile-andrew-grant-founding
-director-of-grant-associates/#.
WYfUL4iGNPY
• http://
www.gardensbythebay.com.sg/en/attractions/supertree-grove/facts-and-figures.html
• http://
www.bdonline.co.uk/wilkinson-eyre%C2%A1%C2%AFs-gardens-by-the-bay-singapore/3
160546.article
• https://www.landscapeinstitute.org/case-studies/gardens_by_the_bay /
SPECIES’ NAME IMAGE LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

• GROWS IN TROPICAL AND • HAS MEDICINAL QUALITIES, • IT GIVES A STRONG SMELL

SEMI- TROPICAL REGIONS INFACT KNOWN AS THE
VILLAGE PHARMACY IN INDIA • SHEDS LEAVES HEAVILY
NEEM TREE • GROWS UPTO 40M IN
(AZADIRACHTA INDICA) HEIGHT • IT IS AN EVERGREEN TREE

• IT IS AN EVERGREEN TREE

• SPECIES IS NATIVE TO
• BRIGHT YELLOW FLOWERS • REQUIRES PRUNING TO
TROPICAL SOUTH EAST ASIA.
BLOOM AND IS A DEVELOP STRONG
COPPER POD • CAPABLE OF REACHING A WONDERFUL SHADE STRUCTURE
TREE HEIGHT OF 50FT
(PHELTOPHORUM • FOLIAGE IS USED AS FOODER • ROOTS CAN LIFT SIDEWALKS
PTEROCARPUM) • FLOWERS ARE BORNE BY THE CROP
• HAS POOR SOIL SALT
TERMINAL SPIKES
TOLERANCE

• EVERGREEN VINE IS A POPULAR

HOUSEPLANT OF THE • EFFICIENT IN REMOVING • THE PLANT ON
TEMPERATE REGION THAT INDOOR POLUTANTS CONSUMPTION, IS TOXIC TO
BIG MONEY GROWS UPTO 22M CLIMBING PETS
PLANT BY THE MEANS OF AERIAL • REQUIRES LITTLE CARE AND
(EPIPREMNUM ROOTS IS ATTRACTIVELY LEAFY • HIGHLY INVASIVE SPECIES TO
AUREUM) THE TROPICAL COUNTRIES
• THE LEAVES ARE ALTERNATE AND
HEART SHAPED

• WARM SEASON GRASS • PRODUCES ATTRACTIVE • IT IS SUBJECT TO REGULAR

• DENSE, MEDIUM DARK
LAWN GRASS GREEN TURF
(DHALIWAL TURF)
• BEST ADAPTED TO HOT DRY
AND TROPICAL CLIMATES
LAWN WITH MEDIUM TO
COARSE TEXTURED GRASS
• EXCELLENT HEAT TOLERANCE
AND DROUGHT RESISTANT
MAINTAINANCE IN THE
FORMS OF WEED AND PEST
CONTROL, MAINTAINANCE OF
GREEN COLOUR AND
REGULAR MOVING TO
MAINTAIN THE LENGTH TOO

• HAS MODERATE GROWTH • SPECTACULAR TROPICAL • THE TIPS MIGHT BE

RATE
• TROPICAL SPECIES WHICH
ARECA PALM CAN ALSO GROW IN THE
TEMPERATE REGIONS
• IT HAS YELLOW COLOURED
PETIOLES
PRIVACY SCREEN BEING BROWNED AFTER WINTER
WIDER AND FLUFFY AT THE AND REQUIRES CUTTING
TOP
• SPIDERS AND MITES ARE
• THESE PALMS ARE ATTRACTED TO THIS SPECIES
CONSIDERED SELF CLEANING
• EXCELLENT HEAT TOLERANCE
SPECIES’ NAME IMAGE LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS
• TALLEST GRASS AND MOST
POPULAR AS GARDEN PLANTS
• THAT GROWS UPTO 40M
BAMBOO
• BEING STRONG AND FLEXIBLE,
(BAMBUSOIDEAE)
IT IS CULTIVATED FOR ITS USE
AS A POPULAR BUILDING
MATERIAL
• POPULAR TROPICAL PLANT
• MOST COMMON ALONG THE
COCNUT TREE BEACHES
(COCOS NUCIFERA)
• TALL SPECIES GROWS UPTO
30M HAS SOFT BARK AND
PINNATE LEAVES 4- 6M LONG
• EVERGREEN SHRUB NATIVE TO
INDIA, GROWS TO A HEIGHT OF
• 1.5 M
MINI
NANDIYARVATTAI
/ CHANDINI • HAS SHINY LEAVES AND WAXY
PINWHEEL SHAPED WHITE
(APOCYNACEAE)
FLOWERS.
• NATIVE TO ASIA, CULTIVATED
WARM REGIONS
ALMOND TREE • PERENNIAL TREE GROWS
(PRUNUS DULCIS) UPTO 10M, TALL ERECT DARK
STEM
• SHRUB IS NATIVE TO THE
MEDITERRANIAN REGION
ARALI • THE FLOWERS ARE BORNE IN
(NERIUM OLEANDER) TERMINAL CLUSTERS
• GROWS UPTO A HEIGHT OF
8FT
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
• FASTEST GROWING PLANT • UNCONTROLLED GROWTH IN
EASES GARDENING NOT MAINTAINED
REGULARLY
• AN EFFECTIVE SOIL EROSION
• INVASIVE THREAT TO THE
CONTROL PLANT
BIODIVERSITY
• EFFECTIVE SCREENING
• FORMS EFFECTIVE BERMS • FRONDS WHEN THEY FALL
ONCE PLANTED ALONG THE OFF BEING HEAVY CAN
PERIPHERY CAUSE DAMAGE TO LIFE OR
BUILDINGS
• HAS HEALTH BENEFITS AND
IS ALSO USED TO THATCH • HIGH WINDS CAN UPROOT
ROOFS FOR HOUSES THEM AS THEY HAVE
SHALLOW ROOTS
• FLOWERS BLOOM ALL • THE LEAVES OF THE PLANT
THROUGH THE YEAR AND ARE EATEN BY CATERPILLARS
HAS A PLEASING
FRAGRANCE • PLANT IS REPORTED TO
HAVE A VARIETY OF
• ALSO A TRADITIONAL ALKALOIDS
MEDICINE
• THE CHARACTERISTIC • THIS DECIDUOUS TREE
PAGODA SHAPE PROVIDES SHEDS LEAVES TWICE AN
LARGER SHADE AND IS YEAR
AESTHETICALLY PLEASING
• SHALLOW ROOTS
• EXCELLENT HEAT TOLERANCE
AND DROUGHT RESISTANT
• CULTIVATED AS A GREEN • ALL PARTS OF THE PLANT
HOUSE PLANT AND IS ARE TOXIC IF EATEN
AVAILABLE IN A VARIETY OF
COLOURS • CONTACT WITH THEM MAY
CAUSE SKIN IRRITATION
• IT’S A PERRINIAL SPECIES
AND IS SHOWY IN NATURE
 ON SITE CONSIDERATIONS REQUIREMENT

PROJECT : OLD AGE HOME

 PLANNED LANDSCAPE LIST OF SPECIES

CONCEPT : NATIVE SPECIES