Industrial Training

Electrical Loco Shed

Ghaziabad

Name : Kavita Upadhyay

EN 4th year
1533321005
RKGITM Ghaziabad
INTRODUCTION
ESTABLISHMENT
> Electric Loco Shed was set in 1976 by Railway
Electrification Organisation (8910 SQ. MTRS).

> It’s main purpose is of maintenance of

WAP1,WAP4,WAP5,WAP7 ,WAG5, WAM4
engines.

INITIAL COST
Rs. 1.5 (IN CRORES)

PRESENT LOCO HOLDING

185
TYPES OF LOCOS HOLDING-
[gauge] [power] [load] [series]
1. WAP1 (Traction Motors: 4, 575kW ,18 coaches)

2. WAP4 (Traction Motors- 6,630 kW, 750V, 26 coaches )

3.WAP5 (Traction Motors-3phase squirrel-cage induction

motors(1150kW, 2180V).

4.WAP7 (Traction Motors- 3phase squirrel-cage induction

motors(850 kW, 2180V).

5. WAG5 (Haulage Capacity-2375t

6.WAM4 (Traction Motors-6, 575kW, 750V,

Hauling capacity-2010t
 INTRODUCTION
TRACTION
Driving forward of vehicle is called traction and the system,
which employ this type of mechanism is called as traction
system.
Classified broadly into two groups namely:
1. Non Electric Traction System.
2. Electric Traction System.
>Electric Traction means a Locomotion in which the
driving force is obtained from electric motors.
>For Traction purpose 3-phase induction motor and DC
series motor are used and both have high starting torque
provide high speed acceleration.
 TYPES OF ELECTRIC TRACTION SYSTEM
 D C Traction
 A C Traction

DC TRACTION
 D C traction units uses direct current drawn from
overhead line.

 D C traction units uses 600v-750v DC voltage range .

 The low-voltage,series wound,direct current motor is

well suited to railroad traction,being simple to construct
and easy to control.
 AC TRACTION
 A C Traction units draw alternating current from an
overhead line.
 Typical voltages used are-

15kV /25kV AC,50Hz

 Fewer substations are required and the lighter overhead

current supply wire can be used.

 Reduced capital cost of electrification

3-PHASE AC TRACTION MOTOR
DC-TRACTION MOTOR
Components of an ac locomotive

CATENARY:- This is the Over head Wire of Special

Cross section of area.
PANTOGRAPH:- This is a device used for collecting
current from the catenary.
 CIRCUIT BREAKER:- To disconnect the engine from the
line side in case of some fault.
RECTIFIERS:- Conversion of AC power into DC power.
 SMOOTHING REACTORS:- Any ripple found on the
output side of the rectifier are eliminated bythis fitted after
the rectifier.
TRANSFORMER:- It is installed in locomotive for step
down the voltage according to the requirement of motor.
 Pantograph
 A pantograph is a device that collects electric current from
overhead lines for electric trains or trams.

 It is spring loaded and pushes a contact shoe up against the

contact wire to draw the electricity needed to run the train.

 Pantographs are typically operated by compressed air from

the vehicle's braking system, either to raise the unit and hold
it against the conductor .
Pantograph
Brakes
Mainly two types of brakes are
used-

1. Air Brake System

2. Regenerative Brake System.

1. Air Brake System

 This braking systems use compressed air as the
force to push blocks on to wheels or pads on to

discs.
 In this system three main positions are
I. used in controlling the loco.

II.  Applicatio
III.
n Position
Release
Position
Lap
Position
I. Application Position
II.Release Position
III. Lap Position
2. Regenerative Brake system
 During braking, the traction motor connections are altered
to turn them into electrical generators.
 The motor fields are connected across the main traction
generator and the motor armatures are connected across
the load.
 The rolling locomotive or multiple unit wheels turn the
motor armatures, and the motors act as generators, either
sending the generated current back into the supply.
 Traction Motor
 In electric locos mainly squirrel
cage, 3-phase Induction Motor
is used.
 Nose suspended, axle hung
type traction motor is used.
Nose-Suspended type traction
motor
 Motor is mounted in the bogie
frame supported partially by
the axle which it drove and
partially by the bogie frame.
 The motor case is provided
with a "nose" which rested on
a bracket fixed to the frame of
the bogie.
 WHEEL:

 Wheels are manufactured of cast

steel.
 Railway wheels sit on the rails
without guidance.
 the flanges should not touch the
rails.
 The wheel tire is coned .
 Rail head slightly curved as
shown in the diagram.
 ADVANTAGE OF ELECRICAL LOCO

 High power-to weight ratio.

 Fewer Locomotive
 Fast Acceleration
 Higher limit of speed
 Higher hauling capability
 N o carbon emission
 Less noise pollution
Maintenance cost is 50% of that for steam engine.
 Steam engine requires two hours for heat up whereas
electric engine start within moment.
 High torque motor are used in electric traction.
 DISADVANTAGES

Significant capital cost of electrification.

Maintenance cost is high.
 Overhead wires further limit the clearance in tunnel.
 Railway traction need immune power, with no cuts.
Thank You!!